scholarly journals Experience in treatment of glial tumors using the CyberKnife device

MD-Onco ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
E. V. Safronova ◽  
A. A. Fedorova ◽  
M. N. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Glial Tumor ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Glial Tumors ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Disease Stabilization ◽  
The Brain

The study objective is to determine the effectiveness of stereotactic radiotherapy in treatment of glial cerebral tumors.Materials and methods. Results of using stereotactic radiotherapy in treatment of recurrent cerebral gliomas in 30 patients and primary glial tumor in 1 patient who couldn’t receive traditional radiotherapy were analyzed. Treatment was administered both to adults (n = 22) and children (n = 9). Prior to treatment all patients underwent pre-radiotherapy preparation in the form of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance topometry of the brain, computed tomography with topometry, as well as positron emission tomography/computed tomography with amino acids (n = 21).Results. During treatment 2 patient developed grade II toxic reactions requiring emergency medical help. In 29 patients, treatment did not cause any complications. At the time of article preparation, 7 patients were alive; maximal follow-up period was 55 months, median follow-up duration was 8 months.Conclusion. Stereotactic radiotherapy can be used for disease stabilization. The results show effectiveness and safety of stereotactic radiotherapy as a salvage method of local treatment in patients with recurrent glial tumors of the brain.

Brain FDG PET for the Etiological Diagnosis of Clinically Uncertain Cognitive Impairment During Delirium in Remission

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1609-1622
Author(s):  
Franziska Mathies ◽  
Catharina Lange ◽  
Anja Mäurer ◽  
Ivayla Apostolova ◽  
Susanne Klutmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Etiological Diagnosis ◽  
Geriatric Unit ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Hospitalized Geriatric Patients

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) of the brain with 2-[F-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is widely used for the etiological diagnosis of clinically uncertain cognitive impairment (CUCI). Acute full-blown delirium can cause reversible alterations of FDG uptake that mimic neurodegenerative disease. Objective: This study tested whether delirium in remission affects the performance of FDG PET for differentiation between neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative etiology of CUCI. Methods: The study included 88 patients (82.0±5.7 y) with newly detected CUCI during hospitalization in a geriatric unit. Twenty-seven (31%) of the patients were diagnosed with delirium during their current hospital stay, which, however, at time of enrollment was in remission so that delirium was not considered the primary cause of the CUCI. Cases were categorized as neurodegenerative or non-neurodegenerative etiology based on visual inspection of FDG PET. The diagnosis at clinical follow-up after ≥12 months served as ground truth to evaluate the diagnostic performance of FDG PET. Results: FDG PET was categorized as neurodegenerative in 51 (58%) of the patients. Follow-up after 16±3 months was obtained in 68 (77%) of the patients. The clinical follow-up diagnosis confirmed the FDG PET-based categorization in 60 patients (88%, 4 false negative and 4 false positive cases with respect to detection of neurodegeneration). The fraction of correct PET-based categorization did not differ between patients with delirium in remission and patients without delirium (86% versus 89%, p = 0.666). Conclusion: Brain FDG PET is useful for the etiological diagnosis of CUCI in hospitalized geriatric patients, as well as in patients with delirium in remission.

scholarly journals Imaging angiogenesis using 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with severe intracranial atherosclerotic disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 3401-3408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Shu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yi Cheng Zhu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Li Ying Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Arterial Lesion ◽  
Event Time ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Recent Group ◽  
The Brain

Angiogenesis is a critical compensation route, which has been demonstrated in the brain following ischemic stroke; however, few studies have investigated angiogenesis in chronic intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD). We used 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography based imaging to detect angiogenesis in chronic ICAD and to explore the factors that may have affected it. A total of 21 participants with unilateral severe chronic ICAD were included in the study. Of the 21 participants, 19 were men; the mean (SD) age was 52 (15) years. In 18 participants, we observed elevated 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 uptake in the peri-infarct, subcortical, and periventricular regions of the lesioned side, with a higher 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 SUVmax compared to that in the contralateral hemisphere (0.15 vs. 0.06, p=0.001). The 18F-FDG PET SUVmax was significantly lower on the lesioned side (11.28 vs. 13.92, p=0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the recent group (<6 months) had a higher lesion-to-contralateral region ratio SUVmax than the remote group (>6 months) (6.73 vs. 2.36, p<0.05). Our results provide molecular imaging evidence of angiogenesis in patients with severe chronic ICAD. Furthermore, the extent of angiogenesis in chronic ICAD may be affected by the post-qualified event time interval, and not by infarction itself or the severity of the arterial lesion.

scholarly journals Chylothorax: The Unusual Suspect

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 075-077
Author(s):  
Anusha C. Madhusoodan ◽  
Gajanan S. Gaude
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Supraclavicular Lymph Node ◽  
Node Biopsy ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Lymphatic Duct ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

AbstractA chylothorax results when the lymphatic duct becomes disrupted. It is an uncommon and poorly described complication of both Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas of any histological type and grade. A 62-year-old female presented with dyspnea on exertion and dry cough for 15 days. Chest radiograph showed left-sided effusion. Pleural fluid reports were suggestive of chylothorax. Fluid was drained and CT thorax was performed which revealed multiple supra- and infradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy. Left supraclavicular lymph node biopsy revealed chronic inflammation. Immunohistochemistry of the same sample was reported as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of follicular type grade I/III (2008). Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed hypermetabolic areas in supra- and infradiaphragmatic lymph nodes and also in multiple bones (with surrounding regions encasement). Patient has received two cycles of chemotherapy with Bendamustine and Rituximab. She is on regular follow-up with the oncologist and doing fine.

scholarly journals Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for large or involving critical organs cerebral arteriovenous malformations

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Blamek ◽  
Dawid Larysz ◽  
Leszek Miszczyk ◽  
Adam Idasiak ◽  
Adam Rudnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Obliteration Rate ◽  
Observation Volume ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background. The treatment of large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or AVMs involving eloquent regions of the brain remains a challenge. For inoperable lesions, observation, volume-staged radiosurgery or hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HFSRT) are proposed. The aim of our study was to assess the safety and efficiency of HFSRT for large AVMs located in eloquent areas of the brain. Materials and methods. An analysis of records of 49 patients irradiated for cerebral AVMs with a mean dose of 19.9 Gy (12-28 Gy) delivered in 2-4 fractions with planned gap (at least one week) between fractions. Actuarial obliteration rates and annual bleeding hazard were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and life tables. Results. Annual bleeding hazard rates were 4.5% and 1.6% after one and two years of the follow-up, respectively. Actuarial total obliteration rates were 7%, 11%, and 21% and total response rate (total and partial obliterations) 22%, 41%, and 55% after one, two and three years of the follow-up, respectively. There was a trend towards larger total obliteration rate in patients irradiated with fraction dose ≥ 8 Gy and total dose > 21 Gy for lesions of volume ≤ 8.18 cm3 which was not observed in case of partial obliterations. Conclusions. HFSRT results with relatively low obliteration rate but is not associated with a significant risk of permanent neurological deficits if both total and fraction doses are adjusted to size and location of the lesion. Predictive factors for total and partial obliterations can be different; this observation, however, is not firmly supported and requires further studies.

scholarly journals Positron emission tomography/computed tomography for optimized colon cancer staging and follow up

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodil Elisabeth Engelmann ◽  
Annika Loft ◽  
Andreas Kjær ◽  
Hans Jørgen Nielsen ◽  
Anne Kiil Berthelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Staging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission
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