VARIABILITY FOR REPRODUCTIVE AND VEGETATIVE TRAITS IN VACCINIUM MEMBRANACEUM

2002 ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
C. Finn ◽  
A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Vaccinium Membranaceum

scholarly journals Reproductive traits and floral visitors of Aechmea distichantha plants growing in different habitats of a South American xerophytic forest

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Freire ◽  
Ignacio M. Barberis ◽  
José L. Vesprini
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
South American ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Carpenter Bee ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Aechmea distichantha, a widely-distributed facultative epiphytic bromeliad species, is present from rainforests to xerophytic forests. At its southernmost distribution (Humid Chaco) it grows in the understory and forest edges. This animal-pollinated bromeliad shows high phenotypic plasticity on its vegetative traits, but there is no information about plasticity on its reproductive traits. Infructescences from shade plants were heavier, had longer rachis, more spikelets, higher number of fruits/spikelet and higher number of seeds/fruit than those from sun plants, but they presented similar number of open flowers. The number of visitation events was similar in both habitats, but more flowers were visited in the sun than in the shade. Flowers were visited by seven species (six insects and one hummingbird). In the sun, the carpenter bee was the most frequent visitor and visited almost all flowers, whereas in the shade different species of visitors attained similar proportion of visits and number of visited flowers. Despite visitation events were similar in both habitats, plants growing in the shade set more seeds/fruit than plants growing in the sun. The higher proportion of visits accomplished by carpenter bees compared to hummingbirds is probably a consequence of the climatic conditions in the austral location of these populations.

Meristem allocation and life-history evolution in herbaceous plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Bonser ◽  
Lonnie W. Aarssen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Life History Evolution ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
History Evolution ◽  
Meristem Allocation ◽  
Branching Intensity ◽  
Iteroparous Species

Generalisations of life histories in plants are often framed in terms of allocation to reproduction. For example, relative allocation to reproduction is commonly found to be higher in semelparous than in iteroparous plant species. However, the association between vegetative traits and life history has been largely unexplored. In higher plants, reproductive and vegetative function can be measured in terms of meristem allocation. Under this approach, two vegetative traits (apical dominance (the suppression of axillary meristem development) and branching intensity (the commitment of axillary meristems to branches)) can be measured as well as one reproductive trait (reproductive effort). We used phylogenetically independent contrasts to compare reproductive and vegetative function in annual semelparous and perennial iteroparous species. Twenty congeneric species pairs (each species pair represented by one semelparous and one iteroparous species) across nine families were selected based on availability of herbarium specimens. Semelparous life-history evolution was associated with higher reproductive effort. Conversely, iteroparous life-history evolution was associated with higher apical dominance. Branching intensity was not associated with life history. An evolutionary association between life history and apical dominance but not branching intensity suggests a complex relationship between allocation to vegetative traits and the evolution of plant strategies across environments.

scholarly journals Expression of Heterosis and Heritability in Vegetative Traits of <i>Gongronema latifolia</i>

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Ugwu Agbo ◽  
Jaime A.Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Traits

scholarly journals Flood induced phenotypic plasticity in amphibious genusElatine(Elatinaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Molnár V. ◽  
János Pál Tóth ◽  
Gábor Sramkó ◽  
Orsolya Horváth ◽  
Agnieszka Popiela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Random Forest Classification ◽  
Forest Classification ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Vegetative Characters

Vegetative characters are widely used in the taxonomy of the amphibious genusElatineL. However, these usually show great variation not just between species but between their aquatic and terrestrial forms. In the present study we examine the variation of seed and vegetative characters in nineElatinespecies (E. brachysperma, E. californica, E. gussonei, E. hexandra, E. hungarica, E. hydropiper, E. macropoda,E. orthospermaandE. triandra) to reveal the extension of plasticity induced by the amphibious environment, and to test character reliability for species identification. Cultivated plant clones were kept under controlled conditions exposed to either aquatic or terrestrial environmental conditions. Six vegetative characters (length of stem, length of internodium, length of lamina, width of lamina, length of petioles, length of pedicel) and four seed characters (curvature, number of pits / lateral row, 1st and 2nd dimension) were measured on 50 fruiting stems of the aquatic and on 50 stems of the terrestrial form of the same clone. MDA, NPMANOVA Random Forest classification and cluster analysis were used to unravel the morphological differences between aquatic and terrestrial forms. The results of MDA cross-validated and Random Forest classification clearly indicated that only seed traits are stable within species (i.e., different forms of the same species keep similar morphology). Consequently, only seed morphology is valuable for taxonomic purposes since vegetative traits are highly influenced by environmental factors.

scholarly journals Induksi Mutasi Fisik dengan Iradiasi Sinar Gamma pada Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Yahidah Rosyidah Anshori ◽  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah ◽  
Latifah K Darusman
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Leaf Deformation ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Turmeric  is  a  spice plant  and  potential  as a major  ingredient  of  functional food. Turmeric contains curcumin, an active compound which gives the yellow color from its rhizomes that provides health benefits. Curcumin is an antioxidant and acts as an anti-cholesterol as well as a medicine for tumors, cancer, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and rheumatic heart disease. Limited supply of simplicialevel of curcumin based on market standards and the low genetic variability of turmeric as a source for conventional breeding makes this research valuable to be  conducted.  The purposes of this study were  to  obtain  LD50 dose  and  turmeric  crop  yield  variability  due  to  the  changes  in physical mutation  induced  by  gamma-ray  irradiation.  An  acute  single iradiation  was  given  to  using  the universal panoramic irradiator with 11 different dose rates,  The plants  then were cultivated in vivo. The  growth observation  on  turmeric  was  observed  on  vegetative  traits  qualitatively and quantitatively. In this study, the LD50 dose of turmeric was 47.26 Gy. The plant’s vegetative growth tends  to  decelerate  with  the  increase  of irradiation  doses.  The  high  variabillity  growth  for   leaf number  occured  on 50  Gy  of  dose.  Morphological  changes  occured  in  the  form  of  pseudo-stem shape  due  to  irradiation  doses  of  50  and  60  Gy.  Most  leaf  surface discoloration  and  leaf deformation occured at 50 and 70 Gy, and stunted growth occured at 60 and 70 Gy.</p><p>Keywords: curcumin, iradiation, LD50, turmeric</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Kunyit merupakan tanaman rempah yang potensial sebagai bahan utama pangan fungsional. Rimpang kunyit mengandung senyawa aktif utama yaitu kurkumin yang memberikan warna kuning pada  rimpang  juga  memberikan manfaat  untuk  kesehatan.  Kurkumin  bersifat  antioksidan  dan berperan sebagai  antikolesterol,  obat  tumor,  kanker,  obat  hipertensi,  hiperglikemia, penyakit  hati serta  rematik.  Keterbatasan  penyediaan  simplisia  yang mempunyai  kandungan  kurkumin  sesuai standar  pasar  serta  rendahnya keragaman  genetik  kunyit  sebagai  bahan  seleksi  pemuliaan konvensional menjadikan penelitian ini penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan  dosis  LD50  serta  menghasilkan  perubahan  keragaan tanaman  kunyit  akibat  induksi mutasi  fisik  melalui  iradiasi  sinar  gamma. Iradiasi  dilakukan  secara  tunggal  (acute  irradiation) menggunakan Iradiator Panorama Serba Guna (IRPASENA) dengan 11 taraf dosis yang berbeda dan tanaman  yang  telah  diradiasi  dibudidayakan  secara  in  vivo. Pengamatan  pertumbuhan  tanaman kunyit  dilakukan  pada  karakter vegetatif secara  kuantitatif  dan  kualitatif.  Pada  penelitian  ini, didapatkan  LD50 kunyit  yaitu  pada  dosis  47.26  Gy.  Pertumbuhan  vegetatif  tanaman cenderung mengalami  perlambatan  dengan  semakin  meningkatnya  dosis iradiasi.  Keragaman  tertinggi pertumbuhan jumlah daun terdapat pada aplikasi dosis 50 Gy. Perubahan morfologi berupa bentuk pangkal  batang  semu  terjadi pada  tanaman  akibat  iradiasi  dosis  50  dan  60  Gy,  perubahan warna sebagian permukaan daun dan terjadi pada 50 dan 70 Gy, perubahan bentuk daun terjadi pada 50 dan 70 Gy, serta pertumbuhan tanaman yang kerdil terjadi pada tanaman 60 dan 70 Gy.</p><p>Kata kunci: iradiasi, kunyit, kurkumin, LD50</p>

scholarly journals Tomato Phenotypic Diversity Determined by Combined Approaches of Conventional and High-Throughput Tomato Analyzer Phenotyping

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol N. Nankar ◽  
Ivanka Tringovska ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Daniela Ganeva ◽  
Dimitrina Kostova
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Tomato Analyzer

Morphological variation in vegetative and fruit traits is a key determinant in unraveling phenotypic diversity. This study was designed to assess phenotypic diversity in tomatoes and examine intra- and intervarietal groups’ variability using 28 conventional descriptors (CDs) and 47 Tomato Analyzer (TA) descriptors related to plant and fruit morphometry. Comprehensive phenotyping of 150 accessions representing 21 countries discerned noticeable variability for CD vegetative traits and TA quantified fruit features, such as shape, size, and color. Hierarchical cluster analysis divided the accessions into 10 distinct classes based on fruit shape and size. Multivariate analysis was used to assess divergence in variable traits among populations. Eight principal components with an eigenvalue >1 were identified by factor analysis, which contributed 87.5% variation to the total cumulative variance with the first two components contributing 32.0% and 18.1% variance, respectively. The relationship between vegetative and fruit descriptors was explained by respective CD and TA correlation networks. There was a strong positive correlation between fruit shape and size whereas negative correlations were between fruit shape index, internal eccentricity, and proximal end shape. The combined approach of CD and TA phenotyping allowed us to unravel the phenotypic diversity of vegetative and reproductive trait variation evaluated at pre- and post-harvest stages.

scholarly journals Patterns of phenotypic correlations among morphological traits across plants and animals

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1649) ◽  
pp. 20130246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey K. Conner ◽  
Idelle A. Cooper ◽  
Raffica J. La Rosa ◽  
Samuel G. Pérez ◽  
Anne M. Royer
Keyword(s):  
Functional Independence ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Complete Metamorphosis ◽  
Trait Groups

Despite the long-standing interest of biologists in patterns of correlation and phenotypic integration, little attention has been paid to patterns of correlation across a broad phylogenetic spectrum. We report analyses of mean phenotypic correlations among a variety of linear measurements from a wide diversity of plants and animals, addressing questions about function, development, integration and modularity. These analyses suggest that vertebrates, hemimetabolous insects and vegetative traits in plants have similar mean correlations, around 0.5. Traits of holometabolous insects are much more highly correlated, with a mean correlation of 0.84; this may be due to developmental homeostasis caused by lower spatial and temporal environmental variance during complete metamorphosis. The lowest mean correlations were those between floral and vegetative traits, consistent with Berg's ideas about functional independence between these modules. Within trait groups, the lowest mean correlations were among vertebrate head traits and floral traits (0.38–0.39). The former may be due to independence between skull modules. While there is little evidence for floral integration overall, certain sets of functionally related floral traits are highly integrated. A case study of the latter is described from wild radish flowers.

Evaluation of vegetative growth traits and their relation to time to first flowering of olive seedlings

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Pritsa ◽  
D. G. Voyiatzis ◽  
C. J. Voyiatzi ◽  
M. S. Sotiriou
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Shape Characteristics

The aim of this work was to assess growth traits during the initial developmental stages of olive seedlings, which could be correlated to time to first flowering, facilitating fast selection in olive breeding programs. The experimental material consisted of 232 olive seedlings derived from controlled crosses of 'Kalamon' with self (KA × KA), with 'Amphissis' (KA × AM), and with 'Koroneiki' (KA × KO) and from open pollination of 'Kalamon', 'Amphissis', 'Koroneiki', 'Chalkidikis', and 'Manzanillo'. Vegetative traits of the seedlings, including canopy height and diameter, length of lateral vegetation, number of leaves, mean and total leaf area per plant, leaf shape characteristics, and specific leaf area (SLA), were recorded until 15 months after sowing. The first seedlings to initiate flowers, 4 years after sowing, were also recorded. The existence of correlations between the above growth traits and time to first flowering was investigated. In single-branched seedlings 6 months after sowing, height measured at this stage was significantly correlated with the mean and total leaf area per plant, specific leaf area, and other vegetative traits measured 15 months after sowing. Seedlings with high values of these parameters were the first to initiate flowers 33 months later. Our results indicated that pre-selection of olive seedlings for earliness of first flowering is possible, based on vegetative characteristics assessed very early in their development.

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