FIRST RESULTS OF SOME CULTURAL PRACTICES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ARTICHOKE 'SEED'

2007 ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Damato ◽  
M.A. Cascarano ◽  
L. Casciaro
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals Current Status and Potential of RNA Interference for the Management of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Thrips Vectors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Alexander Nilon ◽  
Karl Robinson ◽  
Hanu R. Pappu ◽  
Neena Mitter
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the genus Orthotospovirus in the family Tospoviridae and order Bunyavirales. TSWV, transmitted by several species of thrips, causes significant disease losses to agronomic and horticultural crops worldwide, impacting both the yield and quality of the produce. Management strategies include growing virus-resistant cultivars, cultural practices, and managing thrips vectors through pesticide application. However, numerous studies have reported that TSWV isolates can overcome host-plant resistance, while thrips are developing resistance to pesticides that were once effective. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a means of host defence by using double-stranded (ds) RNA to initiate gene silencing against invading viruses. However, adoption of this approach requires production and use of transgenic plants and thus limits the practical application of RNAi against TSWV and other viruses. To fully utilize the potential of RNAi for virus management at the field level, new and novel approaches are needed. In this review, we summarize RNAi and highlight the potential of topical or exogenous application of RNAi triggers for managing TSWV and thrips vectors.

scholarly journals Between-row spacing and local accession on the yield and quality of garlic

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal-Ali Olfati ◽  
Mohammad-Bagher Mahdieh-Najafabadi ◽  
Mohammad Rabiee
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Stand

Garlic is primarily grown for its cloves used mostly as a food flavoring condiment. Previous studies carried out on plant density indicate its direct influence on yield. Plant density depends on the genotype, environmental factors, cultural practices, etc. This study was established to determine the effects of different between-row spacing on growth, yield, and quality of four local accession of garlic. It was laid out on two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during two years. Four local accession of garlic (Langroud, Tarom, Tabriz and Hamedan) were culture in three between-rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) during two years. The results of two cultivated years were different. Plant density changed when garlic cultured with different between row spacing. In present research plant yield increased when the lower between row spacing and high plant density were used but the yield improvement occurring at increased plant stand is offset by the reduction in bulb size and some quality indices such as total phenol and antioxidant which severely affects quality and market value, when garlic is produced for fresh market.

scholarly journals Selecting Aragonez Genotypes Able to Outplay Climate Change–Driven Abiotic Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Carvalho ◽  
Elsa Gonçalves ◽  
Sara Amâncio ◽  
Antero Martins
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality

High temperatures and extreme drought are increasingly more frequent in Portugal, which represents a strong threat to viticulture in certain regions of the country. These multifactorial abiotic stresses are threatening viticultural areas worldwide, and the problem can hardly be overcome only by changing cultural practices. This scenario has raised a major challenge for plant scientists to find ways to adapt existing varieties to the new conditions without loss of their characteristic flavors, yield, and associated varietal character of wines. Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) is one such variety, widely cultivated in Portugal and Spain, with specific characteristics associated with terroir. In this context, insight into intravarietal variability to enable its exploitation for selection becomes an important tool to mitigate the effect of multifactorial stresses driven by climate changes. The present work describes an innovative selection approach: selection for abiotic stress tolerance, measured by the leaf temperature of clones under environmental conditions of drought and extreme heat. This evaluation was complemented with values of yield and quality characteristics of the must (pH, acidity, °Brix, and anthocyanins). The application of this methodology was done in an experimental population of 255 clones of Tempranillo for 3 years. The genotypes were then ranked according to their level of tolerance to abiotic stress without loss of yield/quality. To understand the differences at the transcription level that could account for such variability, several of the most tolerant and most sensitive genotypes were analyzed for key genes using reverse transcriptase–quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results enabled the selection of a group of genotypes with increased tolerance to stress, in relation to the average of the variety, which maintained the typical must quality of Aragonez. In parallel, several transcripts previously acknowledged as markers for abiotic stress tolerance were identified in several clones and are possible targets for plant breeding and genetic modification and/or to develop screening procedures to select genotypes better adapted to the abiotic stress driven by climate change.

Trials of Spraying and Cultural Practices on Cotton in Uganda. II. Use of Extended Protection

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-176
Author(s):  
J. C. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Heliothis Armigera ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Consequent Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Spray Treatment

SUMMARYTrials are described comparing the effects of applying four, eight and 12 sprays of various insecticides on control of Heliothis armigera Hub, and Earias biplaga Wlk., and the consequent effect on yield and quality of seed cotton produced. Yields of unsprayed cotton ranged from 300–900 kg/ha, while four sprays of DDT gave 1000–1200 kg/ha. Increasing the number of sprays to 12, using three insecticides (DDT, endosulfan and carbaryl) gave increments of 300–600 kg/ha over the standard four spray treatment. Eight sprays gave smaller but significant yield increases, and endosulfan, dicrotophos and carbaryl were particularly promising in such regimes. A mixed DDT/phenthoate spray was not superior to DDT used alone. Spraying reduced the percentage of stained cotton.

scholarly journals Preharvest Factors Affecting Postharvest Quality of Vegetables

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 750F-750
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Weston ◽  
M.M. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cultivar Selection

Vegetables provide a major source of essential vitamins such as ascorbic acid and beta carotene and other quality components in the human diet. Postharvest yield and quality of vegetables depend upon genetic, biotic, edaphic, chemic and other factors, as well as combinations of these factors. Successful production, quality and nutritional value of vegetables are related to both primary and secondary metabolic processes occurring during vegetable growth and development. Related research has focused upon cultivar selection, cultural practices used during production, interaction of light and temperature, and use of chemicals for growth regulation, and pest control. We will discuss the effects of genetic, pest, and soil management; crop maturity at harvest; environmental modification; and climatic conditions. Postharvest vegetable quality will be characterized in terms of vitamin content, appearance, yield, and flavor.

The Yield and Quality of Rice for Early Transplanting Cultivation by Cultural Practices in Gyeongnam Plain Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deok-Gyeong Seong ◽  
◽  
Young-Gwang Kim ◽  
Yong-Cho Cho ◽  
Min Chul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Developing Production Guidelines for Baby Leaf Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as an Edible Salad Green: Cultivar, Sowing Density and Seed Size

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Renyuan Mi ◽  
Alan G. Taylor ◽  
Lawrence B. Smart ◽  
Neil S. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Cultivar Screening

Scientific literature is lacking on cultural practices of baby leaf hemp production even though hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a widely grown crop for fiber and grain. The objective of this study was to develop a standard protocol to optimize yield and quality of baby leaf hemp production: cultivar screening, sowing density and seed size. Fresh weight (FW) and germination percentage was significantly affected by cultivars. Cultivars ‘Picolo’ and ‘X-59’ had a greater FW mainly due to greater germination percentage. In the sowing density experiment, ‘Ferimon’ and ‘Katani’ were evaluated at five seed densities, 0.65, 1.2, 1.75, 2.3 and 2.85 seeds·cm−2 (42 to 182 seeds per cell). The FW and FW per plant (FWPP) had a positive quadratic response and negative quadratic response, respectively. Regarding seed size, cultivars ‘Anka,’ ‘Ferimon’ and ‘Picolo’ had the largest percentage of seeds, 26% to 30%, within the medium width size between 3.18 and 3.37 mm. Using the largest sized seeds (3.77 mm) increased FW by 34%, 26% and 23% as compared to non-sorted ‘Anka’, ‘Ferimon’ and ‘Picolo’ seeds, respectively. Overall, a greater understanding of cultivar selection, sowing density and seed-size distribution can promote greater yield and quality of baby leaf hemp as an edible salad green.

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