Trials of Spraying and Cultural Practices on Cotton in Uganda. II. Use of Extended Protection

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-176
Author(s):  
J. C. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Heliothis Armigera ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Consequent Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Spray Treatment

SUMMARYTrials are described comparing the effects of applying four, eight and 12 sprays of various insecticides on control of Heliothis armigera Hub, and Earias biplaga Wlk., and the consequent effect on yield and quality of seed cotton produced. Yields of unsprayed cotton ranged from 300–900 kg/ha, while four sprays of DDT gave 1000–1200 kg/ha. Increasing the number of sprays to 12, using three insecticides (DDT, endosulfan and carbaryl) gave increments of 300–600 kg/ha over the standard four spray treatment. Eight sprays gave smaller but significant yield increases, and endosulfan, dicrotophos and carbaryl were particularly promising in such regimes. A mixed DDT/phenthoate spray was not superior to DDT used alone. Spraying reduced the percentage of stained cotton.

scholarly journals Current Status and Potential of RNA Interference for the Management of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Thrips Vectors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Alexander Nilon ◽  
Karl Robinson ◽  
Hanu R. Pappu ◽  
Neena Mitter
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the genus Orthotospovirus in the family Tospoviridae and order Bunyavirales. TSWV, transmitted by several species of thrips, causes significant disease losses to agronomic and horticultural crops worldwide, impacting both the yield and quality of the produce. Management strategies include growing virus-resistant cultivars, cultural practices, and managing thrips vectors through pesticide application. However, numerous studies have reported that TSWV isolates can overcome host-plant resistance, while thrips are developing resistance to pesticides that were once effective. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a means of host defence by using double-stranded (ds) RNA to initiate gene silencing against invading viruses. However, adoption of this approach requires production and use of transgenic plants and thus limits the practical application of RNAi against TSWV and other viruses. To fully utilize the potential of RNAi for virus management at the field level, new and novel approaches are needed. In this review, we summarize RNAi and highlight the potential of topical or exogenous application of RNAi triggers for managing TSWV and thrips vectors.

Development of Organically Complexed-Bioaugmented Boron-Coated DAP and Its Effect on Yield and Quality of Canola (Brassica napus L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Samreen ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Zahir Ahmad Zahir ◽  
Muhammad Zulqernain Nazir ◽  
Saima Noureen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Effect On Yield

scholarly journals Between-row spacing and local accession on the yield and quality of garlic

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal-Ali Olfati ◽  
Mohammad-Bagher Mahdieh-Najafabadi ◽  
Mohammad Rabiee
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Stand

Garlic is primarily grown for its cloves used mostly as a food flavoring condiment. Previous studies carried out on plant density indicate its direct influence on yield. Plant density depends on the genotype, environmental factors, cultural practices, etc. This study was established to determine the effects of different between-row spacing on growth, yield, and quality of four local accession of garlic. It was laid out on two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during two years. Four local accession of garlic (Langroud, Tarom, Tabriz and Hamedan) were culture in three between-rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) during two years. The results of two cultivated years were different. Plant density changed when garlic cultured with different between row spacing. In present research plant yield increased when the lower between row spacing and high plant density were used but the yield improvement occurring at increased plant stand is offset by the reduction in bulb size and some quality indices such as total phenol and antioxidant which severely affects quality and market value, when garlic is produced for fresh market.

scholarly journals FOLIAR PREHARVEST CALCIUM TREATMENT INFLUENCE ON YIELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF STRAWBERRY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 666d-666
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Fiola ◽  
Donald W. Schaffner
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Calcium Treatment ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Treatment Interaction ◽  
Exogenous Calcium ◽  
Spray Treatment

The major limiting factors for commercial marketability of strawberries grown in the Northeast is firmness and shelf-life. The major objective of the research is to study basic and applied aspects of exogenous calcium treatments on yield and quality of New Jersey grown berries. In 1990, 8328-1 and 8237-1 (NJUS advanced selections), and `Earliglow' and `Raritan' standards, were treated with 4 foliar Ca sprays (Nutrical) at 10 day intervals from bloom through harvest. In 1991, sprays (3) were applied at bloom, bloom+15 days, and pre-harvest. An `Earliglow' plot was utilized to test timing: bloom, mid-spray, or pre-harvest. Leaf and fruit samples were taken from treated and untreated plots prior to each application. Instron texture tests were performed to quantify firmness; a taste panel evaluated quality (color, texture, flavor, and overall quality). With multiple sprays, there were no significant differences in yield, fruit size, and Brix%, between treatments; however there were significant differences between genotypes and a genotype-by-treatment interaction. The lone bloom spray treatment reduced fruit size. Ethylene was reduced with calcium treatment, respiration was unaffected. Differences in flavor attributes were genotype specific.

scholarly journals Selecting Aragonez Genotypes Able to Outplay Climate Change–Driven Abiotic Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Carvalho ◽  
Elsa Gonçalves ◽  
Sara Amâncio ◽  
Antero Martins
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality

High temperatures and extreme drought are increasingly more frequent in Portugal, which represents a strong threat to viticulture in certain regions of the country. These multifactorial abiotic stresses are threatening viticultural areas worldwide, and the problem can hardly be overcome only by changing cultural practices. This scenario has raised a major challenge for plant scientists to find ways to adapt existing varieties to the new conditions without loss of their characteristic flavors, yield, and associated varietal character of wines. Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) is one such variety, widely cultivated in Portugal and Spain, with specific characteristics associated with terroir. In this context, insight into intravarietal variability to enable its exploitation for selection becomes an important tool to mitigate the effect of multifactorial stresses driven by climate changes. The present work describes an innovative selection approach: selection for abiotic stress tolerance, measured by the leaf temperature of clones under environmental conditions of drought and extreme heat. This evaluation was complemented with values of yield and quality characteristics of the must (pH, acidity, °Brix, and anthocyanins). The application of this methodology was done in an experimental population of 255 clones of Tempranillo for 3 years. The genotypes were then ranked according to their level of tolerance to abiotic stress without loss of yield/quality. To understand the differences at the transcription level that could account for such variability, several of the most tolerant and most sensitive genotypes were analyzed for key genes using reverse transcriptase–quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results enabled the selection of a group of genotypes with increased tolerance to stress, in relation to the average of the variety, which maintained the typical must quality of Aragonez. In parallel, several transcripts previously acknowledged as markers for abiotic stress tolerance were identified in several clones and are possible targets for plant breeding and genetic modification and/or to develop screening procedures to select genotypes better adapted to the abiotic stress driven by climate change.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF HERBAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF DIFFERENT SOYBEAN VARIETIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yasin Akinci ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield

Objectives of the present study are to determine the variations in forage yield and quality of soybean cultivars. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications during the growing season of 2016. A total of 10 cultivars were used as the plant material of the experiments (Bravo, A3127, Traksoy, İlksoy, Mersoy, Nova, SA-88, Arısoy, Safir, Atakişi). Cultivars had a significant effect on yield and chemical composition. Results revealed that green herbage yields varied between 826.39 - 1199.17 kg/da, dry hay yields between 247.71 - 357.90 kg/da, crude protein yields between 16.91 - 39.86 kg/da, acid detergent fiber (ADF) ratios between 26.56 - 34.61%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratios between 38.43 - 44.85%, crude ash contents between 7.20 - 11.22%, crude protein contents between 6.66 - 13.53%, dry matter digestibility (DDM) values between 61.94 - 68.21%, dry matter intake (DMI) values between 2.68 - 3.12% and relative feed values (RFV) between 2.68 - 3.12. The results of the study showed that A3127 cultivar was found to be prominent with green herbage yield (1199.17 kg/da) and dry hay yield (357.90 kg/da) and Safir cultivar was found to be prominent with crude protein yield (39.86 kg/da). It was concluded that the soybean cultivars A3127 and Safir could be recommended for hay production.

scholarly journals Biofertilizer Microgeo® on Rice Crop: Yield and Seed Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Thiago Assunção de Almeida ◽  
Paulo Roberto Fidelis Giancotti ◽  
Bento Alvenir Dornelles de Lima ◽  
Douglas Dalla Nora ◽  
Ronimar Rosso Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
First Year ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Yield

Rice is the most important crop for the south and south-west region of the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil); as all commercial crops, irrigated rice is requiring the use of alternatives for increasing yield and quality of its product with less aggressive/toxic inputs in the environment. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the biofertilization in the rice crop yield and the parameter of its seed quality and grain quality. It was carried out a field experiment with two treatments (with and without biofertilization with 150 + 150 L CLC® ha-1) with 12 repetitions in an irrigated rice. Biofertilization did not influenced the percentages of whole grain, polished grain and no broken grain. There were no difference between the treatments for final seed germination, seed hectoliter weight and pH. The rice yield with biofertilization using continuous liquid composting was not statistically higher, an expected result for a first year of biofertilization. However, it provided 398 kg ha-1 grain yield increase, which is a very positive and a promising result considering being the first year of application. Therefore, a significant yield increase for the following years of application is expected.

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