HORTICULTURAL PEAT RAW MATERIAL AND ITS CHEMICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN WESTERN FINLAND AND WESTERN ESTONIA

2008 ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
P. Picken ◽  
O. Reinikainen ◽  
M. Herranen
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Analysis of artisanal and industrialized Minas Frescal cheese commercialized in Londrina-PR

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiara Ramos Ricardo ◽  
Marly Sayuri Katsuda ◽  
Luciana Fulaneto Maia ◽  
Lorena Fernandes Abrantes ◽  
Leila Matsunaga Oshiro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
Cheese Production

<p>The artisan cheese production is an important income source for family farmers, however the lack of standardization and negligence in the preparation of the product generates a low quality cheese. The production of cheese of good quality finds some obstacles, because milk does not contribute in many ways to ensure the characteristics of the product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of 20 Minas Frescal cheeses, of which 10 samples were artisanal and 10 have industrial production. The handmade cheeses were sold in street markets and all the samples had no labeling and sanitary inspection seal. The industrialized were obtained in supermarkets, all the 20 samples were acquired in Londrina-PR. The analyses performed were &nbsp;moisture, fat (d.b.), pH and acidity. The fat analysis showed that 50% of samples from artisanal cheeses and 40% of industrialized ones violate the current laws. The pH of artisanal cheese samples ranged between 5.2 and 6.7 and the acidity ranged between 0.06 and 2.41%. The variation in acidity showed that the cheeses are made without standard and quality control of raw material. In industrialized cheeses the pH ranged between 5.3 and 6.5 and acidity between 0.2 and 1.4%. With this work we concluded that the small producers and industries do not pay attention to physico-chemical parameters essential to the quality of the cheese.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v2i2.48</p>

Initiated by Organic Peroxides Cooligomerization of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons of C5 fraction – By-product of Ethylene Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Bohdan Dzinyak ◽  
◽  
Stepan Melnyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Main Factors

Initiated by organic peroxides cooligomerization of unsaturated compounds of C5 fraction has been studied. Such fraction is a by-product obtained at ethylene production via hydrocarbon raw material pyrolysis. The main regularities of the process have been established, the effect of main factors (temperature, reaction time, nature and concentration of the initiators) on the yield and physico-chemical characteristics of the obtained cooligomers has been examined. The effective initiator and optimal technological parameters of the cooligomerization process have been determined

scholarly journals Changes in the taxonomic and functional structure of microbial communities during vegetable waste mixed silage fermentation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanju Xiang ◽  
Juntao Zhang ◽  
Xiying Huang ◽  
Menggen Ma ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Physico Chemical

Silage fermentation, a sustainable way to use vegetable waste resources, is a complex process driven by a variety of microorganisms. We used lettuce waste as the main raw material for silage, analyzed changes in the physico-chemical characteristics and bacterial community composition of silage over a 60-day fermentation, identified differentially abundant taxa, predicted the functional profiles of bacterial communities, and determined the associated effects on the quality of silage. The biggest changes occurred in the early stage of silage fermentation. Changes in the physico-chemical characteristics included a decrease in pH and increases in ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio and lactic acid content. The numbers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased and molds, yeasts and aerobic bacteria decreased. The bacterial communities and their predicted functions on day 0 were clearly different from those on day 7 to day 60. The relative abundances of phylum Firmicutes and genus Lactobacillus increased. Nitrite ammonification and nitrate ammonification were more prevalent after day 0. The differences in the predicted functions were associated with differences in pH and amino acid, protein, carbohydrate, NH3-N, ether extract and crude ash contents.

Development of Ketchup from Sudanese Red karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) byproduct

Food Biology ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Nawal Abdel-Gayoum Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tomato Ketchup

The aim of this study is to use of karkede (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) byproduct as raw material to make ketchup instead of tomato. Ketchup is making of various pulps, but the best type made from tomatoes. Roselle having adequate amounts of macro and micro elements, and it is rich in source of anthocyanine. The ketchup made from pulped of waste of soaked karkede, and homogenized with starch, salt, sugar, ginger (Zingiber officinale), kusbara (Coriandrum sativum) and gum Arabic. Then processed and filled in glass bottles and stored at two different temperatures, ambient and refrigeration. The total solids, total soluble solids, pH, ash, total titratable acidity and vitamin C of ketchup were determined. As well as, total sugars, reducing sugars, colour density, and sodium chloride percentage were evaluated. The sensory quality of developed product was determined immediately and after processing, which included colour, taste, odour, consistency and overall acceptability. The suitability during storage included microbial growth, physico-chemical properties and sensory quality. The karkede ketchup was found free of contaminants throughout storage period at both storage temperatures. Physico-chemical properties were found to be significantly differences at p?0.05 level during storage. There were no differences between karkade ketchup and market tomato ketchup concerning odour, taste, odour, consistency and overall acceptability. These results are encouraging for use of roselle cycle as a raw material to make acceptable karkade ketchup.

Physico-Chemical Aspects of the Influence of Raw Material Components on the Quality of Ceramic Brick

2019 ◽  
Vol 777 (12) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
G.Yu. SHAGIGALIN ◽  
◽  
P.A. FEDOROV ◽  
L.N. LOMAKINA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Ceramic Brick ◽  
Physico Chemical
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