Frequency, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with significant carotid artery disease admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh with Ischemic Stroke

Neurosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misealreem Shaheen ◽  
Areej Albelali ◽  
Raghad AlKanhal ◽  
Muneera AlSaqabi ◽  
Raghad AlTurki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Frequency, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with significant carotid artery disease admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh with Ischemic Stroke

Neurosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Misealreem A. Shaheen ◽  
Areej A. Albelali ◽  
Raghad M. AlKanhal ◽  
Muneera K. AlSaqabi ◽  
Raghad M. AlTurki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Frequency and risk factors of carotid artery disease among ischemic stroke patients in the south Egypt: hospital-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Khedr ◽  
Abeer A. Tony ◽  
Mohamed Habeel ◽  
Ahmed Nasreldein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The South ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Limited data are available on the frequency of carotid artery disease among cerebrovascular ischemic stroke (CVS) patients in south Egypt. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of extracranial atherosclerosis among stroke patients using extracranial duplex ultrasound. Results 142 patients (76.8%) were males and 43 (23.2%) were females. Their mean age was 63.3 ± 9.79 years with no significant difference between the mean age of the male and female groups. NIHSS score ranged from 3 to 25 (mean ± S.D; 11.89 ± 4.91). 66 patients (35.7%) had no atherosclerotic changes, 75 patient (40.5%) had stenosis < 70% and 44 patients (23.8%) had stenosis ≥ 70%. The most prevalent modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis were hypertension (74.8%), hyperlipidemia (70.6%), smoking (59.7%) and DM (45.4%). Conclusion Atherosclerosis among people in the south Egypt is relatively high in comparison to other regions in Egypt and Middle East. This is a call for performing further population-based epidemiological studies, to address the exact magnitude of the problem and invest into prevention.

Surgical Treatment of Carotid Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley S. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Eversion Endarterectomy ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Carotid Arterial

The rationale for operating on patients with carotid artery disease is to prevent stroke. It has been estimated that in 50 to 80% of patients who experience an ischemic stroke, the underlying cause is a lesion in the distribution of the carotid artery, usually in the vicinity of the carotid bifurcation. Appropriate identification and intervention could significantly reduce the incidence of ischemic stroke. Carotid endarterectomy for both symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis has been extensively evaluated in prospective, randomized trials. Surgical reconstruction of the carotid artery yields the greatest benefits when done by surgeons who can keep complication rates to an absolute minimum. The majority of complications associated with carotid arterial procedures are either technical or judgmental; accordingly, this review emphasizes the procedural aspects of planning and operation considered to be particularly important for deriving the best short- and long-term results from surgical intervention. Specifically, this review covers preoperative evaluation, operative planning, operative technique, postoperative care, follow-up, and alternatives to direct carotid reconstruction. Figures show carotid arterial procedures including recommended patient positioning, the commonly used vertical incision, the alternative transverse incision, mobilization of the sternocleidomastoid muscle to identify the jugular vein, palpation of the internal carotid artery, division of the structures between the internal and external carotid arteries to allow the carotid bifurcation to drop down, division of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle to yield additional exposure of the internal carotid artery, a graphic representation of the measurement of internal carotid artery back-pressure, a central infarct zone surrounded by an ischemic zone, shunt placement, open endarterectomy, eversion endarterectomy, repair of fibromuscular dysplasia, and repair of coiling or kinking of the internal carotid artery. This review contains 17 figures, and 25 references Key words: Carotid artery disease; Carotid endarterectomy; Carotid angioplasty with stenting; Eversion endarterectomy; Open endarterectomy; Carotid plaque; TCAR  

scholarly journals Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 stimulation elicits an enhanced inflammatory response in human obese patients with atherosclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent P.W. Scholtes ◽  
Dik Versteeg ◽  
Jean-Paul P.M. de Vries ◽  
Imo E. Hoefer ◽  
Arjan H. Schoneveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Cd11b Expression ◽  
Activation Marker ◽  
Artery Disease

The innate immune response elicited by activation of TLRs (Toll-like receptors) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the activation status of the innate immune system. We therefore assessed the responsiveness of TLRs on circulating cells in two groups of patients with established atherosclerosis and related this to the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. TNF (tumour necrosis factor)-α release induced by TLR2 and TLR4 activation was measured in patients with established coronary [PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) study, n=78] or carotid artery disease [CEA (carotid endarterectomy) study, n=104], by stimulating whole blood samples with lipopolysaccharide (TLR4 ligand) and Pam3CSK4 [tripalmitoylcysteinylseryl-(lysyl)4; TLR2 ligand]. As an early activation marker, CD11b expression was measured by flow cytometry on CD14+ cells. Obesity was the ‘only’ risk factor that correlated with the TLR response. In both studies, obese patients had significantly higher TNF-α levels after stimulation of TLR2 compared with non-obese patients [16.9 (7.7–49.4) compared with 7.5 (1.5–19.2) pg/ml (P=0.008) in coronary artery disease and 14.6 (8.1–28.4) compared with 9.5 (6.1–15.7) pg/ml (P=0.015) in carotid artery disease; values are medians (interquartile range)]. Similar results were obtained following TLR4 stimulation. The enhanced inflammatory state in obese patients was also confirmed by a significant increased expression of the activation marker CD11b on circulating monocytes. In conclusion, obesity is associated with an enhanced TLR response in patients suffering from established atherosclerotic disease.

scholarly journals Nontraditional Risk Factors in Carotid Artery Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep G. Ozturk ◽  
Hakan Ekmekci ◽  
Ozlem B. Ekmekci ◽  
Pinar Atukeren ◽  
Ilknur Butun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Carotid Artery Plaque ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Factor Α

Carotid atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the main risk factors for ischemic stroke. Our aim is to evaluate the nontraditional biochemical markers in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with carotid artery plaque. This study was conducted on 55 patients: 43 with symptomatic and 12 with asymptomatic carotid artery disease. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), homocysteine, adiponectin, nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels were measured in the plasma. The mean of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and homocysteine levels was significantly elevated in the symptomatic group as compared with the asymptomatic group (P = .03). In the asymptomatic group, adiponectin and NO levels showed elevations as compared with the symptomatic group but this increase was not significant (P > .05). Lipoprotein (a) and TNF-α levels acted inversely with adiponectin and NO. There was an insignificant decline in Lp(a) and TNF-α levels in the asymptomatic group as compared with the symptomatic group (P > .05).

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