The Kovban` site – a complex loess-soil sequence in the Volyn Upland

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Оleksandr Bonchkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
River Incision ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
Cryogenic Processes

The loess-soil section of Kovban` includes all the stratigraphical units of the Upper Pleistocene, as well as pedosediments and alluvial facies of the Middle Pleistocene pre- and early Dnieper times. On the basis of the field pedolithomorphological description and grain-size analysis, it is proved that the majority of the main stratigraphic units show smaller subdivisions. The Prychernomorsk unit includes two loesses (pc1, pc3) and a Luvisol (pc2). The Dofinivka unit consists of three subunits: two incipient soils are divided by a thin loess subunit (df2). The Bug unit is represented in this section by hillwash and solifluction deposits. The Vytachiv unit is a pedocomplex made up of three well-developed soils, separated by loesses. The soils are a Molic Cambisol (vt3), a Cambisol (vt1b2) and a humic gleysol (vt1b1). The Uday unit consists of two subunits: the lower comprises solifluction deposits, whereas the upper is a loess-like bed. The soil succession of the Pryluky unit is well developed. It consists of three soils – a Molic Cambisol (pl3), a Mollisol (pl1b2) and a sod-podzolic soil (pl1b1). On slopes, the lower soil (pl1b1) is formed on the sands of Tyasmyn unit. The Kaydaky unit is represented by polygenetic sod-podzolic soil. Brown forest soil pedosediments of the last warm period of the Middle Pleistocene overlie Middle Pleistocene alluvial facies. These pedosediments were deformed by syngenetic cryogenic processes and dissected by ground wedges during the Dnieper cryogenic stage. The data obtained indicate that at the end of the Mid Pleistocene, the study area was subjected to uplift that controlled intense river incision and denudation processes. Five phases of cryogenesis have been revealed in the section: dn, ts, pl1b1-b2, ud, bg.

scholarly journals Lake sedimentation as an agent of postglacial transformation of interfluves and fluvial landscapes of the Borisoglebsk Upland, Central European Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Garankina ◽  
Vladimir R. Belyaev ◽  
Ilya G. Shorkunov ◽  
Yuliya V. Shishkina ◽  
Pavel V. Andreev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Pleistocene Glaciation ◽  
Characteristic Type ◽  
Lake Sedimentation

Abstract. Borisoglebsk Upland is considered an example of a secondary upland plain in the marginal zone of the last Middle Pleistocene glaciation. Moraine hills and kames were reworked by glaciofluvial processes and incised by small fluvial forms later. Its postglacial surface drift cover is regularly defined as an undivided complex of mantle loams of dominantly subaerial origin with characteristic cryogenic features and remnants of paleosols. However, some previous studies suggest that lake sedimentation played an important role in the postglacial history of the Borisoglebsk Upland. This paper presents results of a detailed investigation of postglacial sedimentary cover of the eastern part of the Borisoglebsk Upland aimed to reconstruct the co-evolution of surface deposits, soil cover and geomorphic landscapes since degradation of the last Middle Pleistocene glaciation about 150 ka (MIS-6). The study is essentially based on a comprehensive lithological, pedological and geocryological description of postglacial deposits in cores (hand or machine-driven) and open sections, systematic sampling for grain size analysis and selective sampling for 14C absolute dating and monoliths structural examination. The results indicate that most of the surface drifts in this feature consists of stratified lacustrine deposits. Their Late Pleistocene age is stratigraphically confined by the underlying paleosols and incorporated peats of the Mikulino interglacial age (MIS-5) and several organic-rich layers within the lake sequence 14C dated to the Middle Valdai interstadial (MIS-3). Overlying mantle loams and colluvial deposits with cryogenic features and low organic matter content those facially substitute lacustrine sediments were attributed to the Late Valdai stadial (MIS-2). After the Mid-Holocene stabilization, relatively thin colluvial cover identified by the increased amount of organic matter also deposited. We conclude that lacustrine sedimentation is the primary Late Pleistocene agent that transformed the initial glacial topography and most characteristic type of lithodynamics of the eastern Borisoglebsk Upland.

scholarly journals Changes in pedogenic processes during Pryluky times (Late Pleistocene) in the central part of the Volyn Upland

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-240
Author(s):  
O. S. Bonchkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Genetic Interpretation ◽  
Parent Rocks

In the central part of the Volyn Upland, the Pryluky palaeosol unit have been studied in nine loess-soil sites (Boremel 1 - 3, Novyi Tik, Smykiv, Shybyn, Kolodezhi, Kovban, Novostav). Several sections were excavated along a slope in each studied site in order to reveal the palaeocatena and to study the most complete palaosol successions. The last were found in palaeorelief depressions, which were acting as sediment traps. The genetic interpretation of palaeosols was carried out on the basis on field macromorphological and analytical (micromorphology, grain-size analysis, content of humus and CaCO3) studies. In order to reconstruct the main features of palaeovegetation as an important factor of pedogenesis, pollen analysis of the palaeosols was carried out. It proved a good correspondence between a character of palaeovegetation and a palaeosol type. It has been shown that grain-size composition of the lower Prylyky soils strongly depends on that of parent rocks (Tyasmyn unit of hillwash sandy loam and Kaydaky unit of pedosediment).. The Chernozem-like polygenic soil is the most common within studied area. The lower part of soil has signs of podsolization (powder of SiO2, light color, low content of clay). The upper Pryluky soils are distorted by erosional and cryogenic processes (mainly by solifluction textures) that hampers the interpretation of diagenetic and original pedogenicprocesses. The abundant bioturbations in the subsoil (the largest number among the Late Plestocene soils), high content of humus, complex microaggregates, but leach in the СaCO3 have been established to Pryluky soil unit. The presence of relic pedogenic signs in the polygenetic soil, an assumption is made about the existence of several stages of its formation. The investigation of pedocomplexes confirm it. The study of well-developed pedocomplexes in sedimentation traps allows the allocation of those pedogenic phases during Pryluky times: pl1b1 – Podzolic, Cryptopodzolic, Albeluvisol, Albic Luvisol; pl1b2 – Luvic Chernozem, Chernic Chernozem and Cryptopodzolic,; pl1с – Umbrisol and Cambic Luvisol; pl3a – Luvic Cambisol; pl3b1 – Luvisol and Luvic Cambisol; pl3b2 – Mollic and Luvic Cambisol. 

scholarly journals Engineering-geological characteristics of the loess-soil series rocks at the key profile Vanzhuliv (Podillia Upland)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bogucki ◽  
P. Voloshyn
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Engineering Geological Properties ◽  
Loess Deposits

In the section Vanzhuliv, the loess-soil series of the northern part of the Podillia Upland is exposed. In this section, the thickness of the Upper Pleistocene loess deposits is still relatively considerable, whereas the thickness of the Middle Pleistocene loess deposits increases. The detailed description of the section and of the engineering-geological properties of all the distinguished horizons and sub-horizons is given. Besides that, the influence of the large-scale fossil permafrost structure on the properties of loess is described, basing on the example of the pseudomorphic structure of the Lanivtsi paleocriogenic stage. Key words: loess, paleosoils, engineering-geological properties, subsidence, paleocriogenesis, Podillia.

scholarly journals Engineering-geological characteristics of the loess-soil series rocks at the key profile Dubno (Tarakaniv), Volyn’ Upland

2011 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
A. Bogucki ◽  
P. Voloshyn
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Small Thickness ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Fossil Soil ◽  
Engineering Geological Properties

A detailed description of engineering-geological properties is given to loess-soil series at the key profile Dubno (Tarakaniv). The profile mainly represents loess and palaeopedological horizons of Upper Pleistocene at the Volyn Upland. Middle Pleistocene has small thickness here, but varies facially. The profile reviles palaeocryogenic deformations, especially final Pleistocene pseudomorphosis along recurring vein ice. Key words: loess, loess-soil series, key profile, fossil soil, engineering-geological properties, palaeocryogenesis.

scholarly journals Paleocryogenic processes in the Volyn` Upland

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
О. S. Bonchkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cryogenic Processes

On the basis of the study of 13 Quaternary loess-soil sections in the Volyn’ Upland, cryogenic horizons of different ranges have been recorded and positioned within the Quaternaty stratigrpahical framework of Ukraine. A short-period cyclicity in development of cryogenic processes has been revealed. Time units of formation of cryostuctures − ‘cryostages’ – have been ranged into four categories in correspondence with landscape-climate conditions of their formation and their relations with the units of paleogeogrpahic framework of Ukraine. The differences in cryostructures and cryodeformations for each category of cryostages are shown. A variety of cryostructures and their sizes became larger from the beginning to the end of the Pleistocene that reflects an increase in the climate harshness. Six cryogenic stages were revealed for Early Pleistocene: mr2, sl, lb1b1-b2, lb2, lb3b1-b2, tl. At these times, small ice wedges, ground wedges, solifluction and different types of postcryogenic textures were formed. The cryogenic processes during the Middle Pleistocene developed more intensely. Six Middle Pleistocene cryostages were established: zv2, zv3b1-b2, or, pt2, pt3b-c, dn. The complex of cryostructures of the majority of these stages include large ice wedges, different types of ground wedges, diverse solifluction forms, and tundra spots-medallions. The largest cryogenic structures and deformations are revealed for the cold time spans during the Late Pleistocene: ice wedges (reach up to 5 m in depth), tundra spots-medallions, sand wedges, solifluction and congelifluction forms, different types of ground wedges and postcryogenic textures. Sixteen Last Pleistocene cryostages are revealed: kd1a-b, kd1b1-b2, kd2, kd3b1-b2, ts, pl1a-b, pl1b1-b2, pl1b-c, pl2, pl3b1-b2, ud, vt1b1-b2, vt2, bg, pc1, pc3. The specific features and sizes of cryostructures and cryodeformation of each cold stage, substage and phase have been used as a base for reconstruction of their geocryological conditions.

scholarly journals Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterisation of Historic Zn–Pb Mine Waste, Plombières, East Belgium

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Srećko Bevandić ◽  
Rosie Blannin ◽  
Jacqueline Vander Auwera ◽  
Nicolas Delmelle ◽  
David Caterina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Mine Wastes ◽  
Metallurgical Waste ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Potential Applications

Mine wastes and tailings derived from historical processing may contain significant contents of valuable metals due to processing being less efficient in the past. The Plombières tailings pond in eastern Belgium was selected as a case study to determine mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the different mine waste materials found at the site. Four types of material were classified: soil, metallurgical waste, brown tailings and yellow tailings. The distribution of the mine wastes was investigated with drill holes, pit-holes and geophysical methods. Samples of the materials were assessed with grain size analysis, and mineralogical and geochemical techniques. The mine wastes dominantly consist of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3. The cover material, comprising soil and metallurgical waste is highly heterogeneous in terms of mineralogy, geochemistry and grain size. The metallurgical waste has a high concentration of metals (Zn: 0.1 to 24 wt.% and Pb: 0.1 to 10.1 wt.%). In the tailings materials, Pb and Zn vary from 10 ppm to 8.5 wt.% and from 51 ppm to 4 wt.%, respectively. The mining wastes comprises mainly quartz, amorphous phases and phyllosilicates, with minor contents of Fe-oxide and Pb- and Zn-bearing minerals. Based on the mineralogical and geochemical properties, the different potential applications of the four waste material types were determined. Additionally, the theoretical economic potential of Pb and Zn in the mine wastes was estimated.

scholarly journals Centennial Impacts of the East Asian Summer Monsoon on Holocene Deltaic Evolution of the Huanghe River, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2799
Author(s):  
Yanping Chen ◽  
Wenzhe Lyu ◽  
Tengfei Fu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Liang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Huanghe River ◽  
Huanghe River Delta ◽  
The Huanghe River

The Huanghe River (Yellow River) is the most sediment laden river system in the world, and many efforts have been conducted to understand modern deltaic evolution in response to anthropological impacts. However, the natural background and its linkage to climatic changes are less documented in previous studies. In this work, we studied the sediments of core YDZ–3 and marine surface samples by grain-size analysis to retrieve Holocene dynamics of the Huanghe River delta in detail. The main findings are as follows: The mean value of sediment grain size of the studied core is 5.5 ± 0.9 Φ, and silt and sand contents are 5.2 ± 2.3% and 8.2 ± 5.3%, respectively, while the variance of clay particles is relatively large with an average value of 86.4 ± 8.5%. All grain-size data can be mathematically partitioned by a Weibull-based function formula, and three subgroups were identified with modal sizes of 61.1 ± 28.9 μm, 30.0 ± 23.9 μm, and 2.8 ± 1.6 μm, respectively. There are eight intervals with abrupt changes in modal size of core YDZ–3, which can be correlated to paleo-superlobe migration of the Huanghe River in the Holocene. Based on these observations, the presence of seven superlobes in the history are confirmed for the first time and their ages are well constrained in this study, including Paleo-Superlobes Lijin (6400–5280 yr BP), Huanghua (4480–4190 yr BP), Jugezhuang (3880–3660 yr BP), Shajinzi (3070–2870 yr BP), Nigu (2780–2360 yr BP), Qikou (2140–2000 yr BP), and Kenli (1940–1780 and 1700–1650 yr BP). By tuning geomorphological events to a sedimentary proxy derived from core YDZ–3 and comparing to various paleoenvironmental changes, we proposed that winter climate dominated Holocene shifts of the Huanghe River delta on millennial timescales, while summer monsoons controlled deltaic evolution on centennial timescales.

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