On methodology of palaeogeographical studies of karst cave deposits of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 103-104 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Yuliia Avdieienko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Reliability Of Results ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Cave Deposits ◽  
Clastic Sediments

New approaches developed within the complex palaeogeographic methodology of cave deposits studies for reconstruction of the past ecological conditions are presented in the paper. The relevance and reliability of results of such studies are shown on the cases from the previous research of cave systems in Ukraine. The methodology based of palynological and lithological (including grain-size analysis) study of terrigenous cave deposits is proposed, and the advantages of their complex application within the multidisciplinary palaeoenvironmental study are proved. The reliability of palaeovegetational reconstructions based on pollen studies of clastic cave deposits is confirmed by the compatibility of their results with those obtained from coeval subaerial deposits. The same patterns were shown by a comparison of pollen from hyaena coprolites in the cave and their enclosing sediments. It has been found that the content of redeposited pollen in the clastic sediments of caves depends on their particle size distribution, sharply increasing in sandy deposits. The grain-size composition of cave deposits also provides information on the genesis of deposits and, thus, indirectly, on paleoenvironmental conditions. Changes in clay, large silt and sand fractions are of main importance for the interpretation of the results. A direct correlation of paleoclimatic signals obtained by the results of pollen and lithological analyses with the indicators of magnetic susceptibility has been established. The use of these paleogeographic methods for studying cave deposits, namely pollen analyses, lithological (in particular, grain-size), palaeontological, petromagnetic, palaeogenetic, radiocarbon and paleomagnetic methods, will be able to control the reliability of the reconstruction by collate them. Multidisciplinary study of the cave deposits has a great potential for reconstructions of the ancient Man environments as deposits of many caves include archaeological horizons of different material cultures from the Early Palaeolithic to the Early Iron Age.

scholarly journals Changes in pedogenic processes during Pryluky times (Late Pleistocene) in the central part of the Volyn Upland

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-240
Author(s):  
O. S. Bonchkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Genetic Interpretation ◽  
Parent Rocks

In the central part of the Volyn Upland, the Pryluky palaeosol unit have been studied in nine loess-soil sites (Boremel 1 - 3, Novyi Tik, Smykiv, Shybyn, Kolodezhi, Kovban, Novostav). Several sections were excavated along a slope in each studied site in order to reveal the palaeocatena and to study the most complete palaosol successions. The last were found in palaeorelief depressions, which were acting as sediment traps. The genetic interpretation of palaeosols was carried out on the basis on field macromorphological and analytical (micromorphology, grain-size analysis, content of humus and CaCO3) studies. In order to reconstruct the main features of palaeovegetation as an important factor of pedogenesis, pollen analysis of the palaeosols was carried out. It proved a good correspondence between a character of palaeovegetation and a palaeosol type. It has been shown that grain-size composition of the lower Prylyky soils strongly depends on that of parent rocks (Tyasmyn unit of hillwash sandy loam and Kaydaky unit of pedosediment).. The Chernozem-like polygenic soil is the most common within studied area. The lower part of soil has signs of podsolization (powder of SiO2, light color, low content of clay). The upper Pryluky soils are distorted by erosional and cryogenic processes (mainly by solifluction textures) that hampers the interpretation of diagenetic and original pedogenicprocesses. The abundant bioturbations in the subsoil (the largest number among the Late Plestocene soils), high content of humus, complex microaggregates, but leach in the СaCO3 have been established to Pryluky soil unit. The presence of relic pedogenic signs in the polygenetic soil, an assumption is made about the existence of several stages of its formation. The investigation of pedocomplexes confirm it. The study of well-developed pedocomplexes in sedimentation traps allows the allocation of those pedogenic phases during Pryluky times: pl1b1 – Podzolic, Cryptopodzolic, Albeluvisol, Albic Luvisol; pl1b2 – Luvic Chernozem, Chernic Chernozem and Cryptopodzolic,; pl1с – Umbrisol and Cambic Luvisol; pl3a – Luvic Cambisol; pl3b1 – Luvisol and Luvic Cambisol; pl3b2 – Mollic and Luvic Cambisol. 

scholarly journals Φυσικογεωγραφική, ιζηματολογική μελέτη και ανίχνευ-ση των μαγνητικών ιδιοτήτων των ιζημάτων του ‘Μικρού’ σπηλαίου των Επταμύλων Σερρών

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Σ. Πεχλιβανίδου ◽  
E. Αηδονά ◽  
Κ. Βουβαλίδης ◽  
Χ. Πέννος ◽  
Κ. Αλμπανάκης
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Environmental Magnetism ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sedimentary Sequence ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Clastic Sediments

In the area of Eptamili Village, located at the foothills of the southern-eastern part of Mount Menoikio (Serres Prefecture, Northern Greece) two underground karst cavities were revealed during the works of marble exploitation, named as ‘Mikro’ and ‘Megalo’ Cave of Eptamilon. At the entrance of the ‘Mikro’ Cave there is a naturally deposited sequence of clastic sediments alternating with chemical deposits with a thickness of ~2m, lying uncomfortably on the bedrock marbles. In order to investigate the depositional processes and conditions and to understand the palaeoenvironmental changes during the cave evolution, grain size analysis and magnetic measurements were conducted on sediment samples from the sedimentary sequence. Grain size analysis showed the presence of fine sandy beds alternating with silty and clayey layers. This structure correlates with the magnetic signature of the sediments and especially the magnetic susceptibility (xlf) and the frequency depended magnetic susceptibility (xfd), conducting conclusions concerning the palaeoclimatic conditions and the velocity of the flow during the time of deposition of the sedimentary sequence. This study suggest the use of environmental magnetism as an independent methodology in palaeoenvironmental studies.

scholarly journals Dust-storm Events in Daihai Lake Area, Inner Mongolia During the Past 400 Years Evidence from Grain-size Analysis of Lake Sediments

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN Zhangdong ◽  
◽  
WANG Sumin ◽  
SHEN Ji ◽  
ZHANG Enlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Dust Storm ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Daihai Lake

GRAIN-SIZE ANALYSIS AND MICRO-SCALE FEATURES IN MARS HAND LENS IMAGER (MAHLI) IMAGES FROM THE HARTMANN’S VALLEY MEMBER, MURRAY FORMATION, GALE CRATER, MARS: LINKS TO DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Gwizd ◽  
◽  
Christopher M. Fedo ◽  
John P. Grotzinger ◽  
Kenneth Edgett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Gale Crater

scholarly journals Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterisation of Historic Zn–Pb Mine Waste, Plombières, East Belgium

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Srećko Bevandić ◽  
Rosie Blannin ◽  
Jacqueline Vander Auwera ◽  
Nicolas Delmelle ◽  
David Caterina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Mine Wastes ◽  
Metallurgical Waste ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Potential Applications

Mine wastes and tailings derived from historical processing may contain significant contents of valuable metals due to processing being less efficient in the past. The Plombières tailings pond in eastern Belgium was selected as a case study to determine mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the different mine waste materials found at the site. Four types of material were classified: soil, metallurgical waste, brown tailings and yellow tailings. The distribution of the mine wastes was investigated with drill holes, pit-holes and geophysical methods. Samples of the materials were assessed with grain size analysis, and mineralogical and geochemical techniques. The mine wastes dominantly consist of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3. The cover material, comprising soil and metallurgical waste is highly heterogeneous in terms of mineralogy, geochemistry and grain size. The metallurgical waste has a high concentration of metals (Zn: 0.1 to 24 wt.% and Pb: 0.1 to 10.1 wt.%). In the tailings materials, Pb and Zn vary from 10 ppm to 8.5 wt.% and from 51 ppm to 4 wt.%, respectively. The mining wastes comprises mainly quartz, amorphous phases and phyllosilicates, with minor contents of Fe-oxide and Pb- and Zn-bearing minerals. Based on the mineralogical and geochemical properties, the different potential applications of the four waste material types were determined. Additionally, the theoretical economic potential of Pb and Zn in the mine wastes was estimated.

scholarly journals Centennial Impacts of the East Asian Summer Monsoon on Holocene Deltaic Evolution of the Huanghe River, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2799
Author(s):  
Yanping Chen ◽  
Wenzhe Lyu ◽  
Tengfei Fu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Liang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Huanghe River ◽  
Huanghe River Delta ◽  
The Huanghe River

The Huanghe River (Yellow River) is the most sediment laden river system in the world, and many efforts have been conducted to understand modern deltaic evolution in response to anthropological impacts. However, the natural background and its linkage to climatic changes are less documented in previous studies. In this work, we studied the sediments of core YDZ–3 and marine surface samples by grain-size analysis to retrieve Holocene dynamics of the Huanghe River delta in detail. The main findings are as follows: The mean value of sediment grain size of the studied core is 5.5 ± 0.9 Φ, and silt and sand contents are 5.2 ± 2.3% and 8.2 ± 5.3%, respectively, while the variance of clay particles is relatively large with an average value of 86.4 ± 8.5%. All grain-size data can be mathematically partitioned by a Weibull-based function formula, and three subgroups were identified with modal sizes of 61.1 ± 28.9 μm, 30.0 ± 23.9 μm, and 2.8 ± 1.6 μm, respectively. There are eight intervals with abrupt changes in modal size of core YDZ–3, which can be correlated to paleo-superlobe migration of the Huanghe River in the Holocene. Based on these observations, the presence of seven superlobes in the history are confirmed for the first time and their ages are well constrained in this study, including Paleo-Superlobes Lijin (6400–5280 yr BP), Huanghua (4480–4190 yr BP), Jugezhuang (3880–3660 yr BP), Shajinzi (3070–2870 yr BP), Nigu (2780–2360 yr BP), Qikou (2140–2000 yr BP), and Kenli (1940–1780 and 1700–1650 yr BP). By tuning geomorphological events to a sedimentary proxy derived from core YDZ–3 and comparing to various paleoenvironmental changes, we proposed that winter climate dominated Holocene shifts of the Huanghe River delta on millennial timescales, while summer monsoons controlled deltaic evolution on centennial timescales.

Predicting well productivity from grain size analysis and logging while drilling

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. C. Hogg ◽  
Alan W. Mitchell ◽  
Susan Young
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Well Productivity ◽  
Logging While Drilling
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document