scholarly journals Connective tissue dysplasia in the genesis of cervical incompetence

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
E. V. Fotina ◽  
R. R. Zakirova ◽  
M. V. Alekseenkova ◽  
O. B. Panina
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Cervical Incompetence ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: to study a role of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (uCTD) in etiology of cervical incompetence and its effect on pregnancy and childbirth course.Material and Methods. There were enrolled 60 patients with cervical incompetence. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the modified CTD scale: group 1 - patients without uCTD (n = 21); group 2 - patients with mild uCTD (n = 25); group 3 - patients with moderate-to-severe uCTD (n = 14). Intensity of CTD clinical signs was assessed based on health status, gynecological and obstetric history, the course of pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period.Results. It was found that patients with more prominent CTD developed earlier (r-Spearman = -0.26) and more marked (r-Spearman = -0.29) cervical shortening and opening of the internal orifice of the uterus (r-Spearman = 0.28). It was also noted that likelihood of occurring preterm labor was significantly higher in patients with CTD (p = 0.02).Conclusion. The data obtained evidence that uCTD affects intensity of manifested cervical insufficiency and rate of preterm delivery.

scholarly journals CARDIAL MANIFESTATIONS OF NON-DIFFERENTIATED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PREGNANCY

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
V. Yu. DOBRIANSKA ◽  
S. M. HERYAK ◽  
L. M. MALANCHUK ◽  
M. I. SHVED ◽  
I. V. KORDA
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Among the visceral manifestations of NDST in pregnant women most often diagnosed mitral valve prolapse (20-25%) that accompanied by more cardiovascular and obstetric complications during pregnancy. It demonstrates the high clinical significance of the problem of connective tissue dysplasia with mitral valve prolaps for pregnancy and requires adequate treatment programs for prevention of complications and management of pregnant women with connective tissue dysplasia. Aim. Determination of the frequency of pregnancy pathology in women with clinical signs of NDST and MVP complicated by extrasystolic arrhythmia. Materials and methods. 138 pregnant women with MVP and concomitant signs of NDST and 54 healthy pregnant women were selected for analysis. Clinical manifestations of NDST, different variants of arrhythmias and the total number of complications of pregnancy and childbirth were evaluated. Results. In pregnant women with clinical signs of NDST and MVP complicated by extrasystolic arrhythmia, cases of frequent sinus extrasystole were significantly more often compared to frequent ventricular arrhythmia (47.8% vs. 18.1%, p<0.001) and cases of combination of frequent sinus extrasystole and ventricular arrhythmia (13.3 % vs. 1.5%, p <0.05). They significantly more often identified both symptoms of arrhythmological nature and symptoms that indicated a violation of autonomic status. The presence of NDST syndrome is more often accompanied by the development of complications of pregnancy and childbirth. These pregnant women have genetic and phenotypic risk factors for the development of pathological pregnancy and childbirth, birth trauma, disability of mother and newborn, which justifies such patients in a separate risk group for individualized programs of the prevention and treatment of visceral (cardiac) manifestations of NDST and possible complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Conclusions. 3.1% of pregnant women are diagnosed with phenotypic signs (stigma) of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, and the most common visceral cardiac manifestation is mitral valve prolapse. The presence of mitral valve prolapse and extrasystolic arrhythmia in pregnant women with NDST is accompanied by significantly more frequent development of pregnancy and childbirth complications in these patients.

REACTIONS OF DRUG-DEPENDENT ANTIBODIES WITH METABOLITES OF QUININE (Qn) AND QUINIDINE (Qd)

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Christie ◽  
H Diaz-Arauzo ◽  
J M Cook
Keyword(s):  
Ring Structure ◽  
Quinoline Ring ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Methyl Derivatives ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Asymmetric Carbon ◽  
Group 1

In many cases of drug-induced immunologic thrombocytopenia (DITP), a metabolite, rather than the native drug, is suspected of provoking the destructive drug-dependent antibodies (DDAB) responsible for this severe hemorrhagic disorder. However, this has not previously been investigated for Qn- and Qd-DDAB. We report evidence that the native drugs, and not their metabolites, are the provocative agents in Qn and Qd DITP. Reactions of Qn- and Qd-DDAB with platelets were studied with the native drugs and four of their metabolites: the N-oxide and 10,11-diol derivatives (quinuclidine ring modifications), the des-methyl derivatives (aromatic quinoline ring modification), and 2'-quininone and 2'-quinidinone (2'-oxo derivatives) (also quinoline ring modifications on Qn and Qd, respectively). Five antibodies were studied:two Group 1 DDAB (specific for compounds with native configuration at asymmetric carbon positions), two Group 2 DDAB (similar to Group 1 DDAB but also known to require the methoxy group on the quinuclidine ring for full activity), and one Group 3 DDAB (reactive with the native drug, its stereoisomer, and several nonmetabolic analogs of both compounds) . Using a complement-dependent 51Cr-lysis assay, the reactions of all DDAB with platelets and the four metabolites were similar to 100-fold weaker when compared to reactions obtained with the native drug, with these exceptions:Group 2 DDAB failed to react with the desmethyl and 2'-oxo metabolites and the Group 3 DDAB failed to react with 2'-oxo Qd. This observation shows that the activity of certain DDAB is critically dependent on the native quinoline ring structure. Importantly, none of the DDAB reacted more strongly with any of the metabolites tested when compared with reactions in the presence of the native drug. These findings indicate that DDAB react with platelets preferentially in the presence of the unaltered Qn and Qd molecules and suggest that, while the role of metabolites cannot be entirely ruled out, the native structure of the drug molecule is sufficient to stimulate production of the antibodies responsible for DITP.

P5392Epicardium derived cells promote sympathetic ganglionic outgrowth towards myocardium in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Ge ◽  
A M Smits ◽  
J C Van Munsteren ◽  
T Van Herwaarden ◽  
A M D Vegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Autonomic Innervation ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background The autonomic nerve system is essential to maintain homeostasis in the body. In the heart, autonomic innervation is important for adjusting the physiology to the continuously changing demands such as stress responses. After cardiac damage, excessive neurite outgrowth, referred to as autonomic hyperinnervation, can occur which is related to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The cellular basis for this hyperinnervation is as yet unresolved. Here we hypothesize a role for epicardium derived cells (EPDCs) in stimulating sympathetic neurite outgrowth. Purpose To investigate the potential role of adult EPDCs in promoting sympathetic ganglionic outgrowth towards adult myocardium. Method Fetal murine superior cervical ganglia were dissected and co-cultured with activated adult mesenchymal epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) or/and adult myocardium in a 3D collagen gel culture system. Four experiment groups were included: Group 1: Vehicle cultures (ganglia cultured without EPDC/myocardium) (n=48); Group 2: ganglia co-cultured with EPDCs (n=38); Group 3: ganglia co-cultured with myocardium (n=95); and group 4: ganglia co-cultured with both EPDCs and myocardium (n=96). The occurrence of neurite outgrowth was assessed in each group. The density of neurites that showed directional sprouting (i.e. sprouting towards myocardium) was assessed as well with a semi-automatic quantification method. Finally, sub-analyses were made by taking gender into account. Results Cervical ganglia cultured with EPDCs alone (group 2) showed increased neurite outgrowth compared to vehicle cultures (group 1), however the neurites did not show directional sprouting towards EPDCs. When co-cultured with myocardium (group 3), directional neurite outgrowth towards myocardium was observed. Compared to the ganglia-myocardium co-cultures, directional outgrowth was significantly increased in co-cultures combining myocardium and EPDCs (group 4), and the neurite density was also significantly augmented. Comparison between males and female ganglia demonstrated that more neurite outgrowth occurred in female-derived ganglia than in male-derived ganglia under the same co-culture conditions. Conclusion Activated adult EPDCs promote sympathetic ganglionic outgrowth in vitro. Sex differences exist in the response of ganglia to EPDCs, and female-derived ganglia appear more sensitive to EPDC-signalling. Results support a role of EPDCs in cardiac autonomic innervation and open avenues for exploring of their role in ventricular hyperinnervation after cardiac damage.

scholarly journals Odour-Evoked Memory in Dogs: Do Odours Help to Retrieve Memories of Food Location?

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1249
Author(s):  
Angelo Quaranta ◽  
Serenella d’Ingeo ◽  
Marcello Siniscalchi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Task ◽  
Spatial Task ◽  
Spatial Memories ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Odor Group ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Specific Odor ◽  
Group 1

The ability of odors to spontaneously trigger specific memories has been widely demonstrated in humans. Although increasing evidence support the role of olfaction on dogs’ emotions and cognitive processes, very little research has been conducted on its relationship with memory in this species. The present study aimed at investigating the role of olfaction in the recall of detailed memories originally formed in the presence of a specific odor (i.e., vanilla). To test this, three groups of participants were trained with the same spatial learning task while a specific odor (i.e., vanilla) was dispersed in the testing room. Subjects were then divided in three experimental groups and after 24 h delay, they were presented with the same spatial task. The first group (Group 1) performed the task in the presence of a novel odor (i.e., control), whereas the second (Group 2) and the third group (Group 3) carried out the test in the presence of the vanilla odor and no odor (Group 3), respectively. After a brief delay, the test was presented again to the three groups of dogs: subjects of Group 1 were now tested in the presence of the vanilla odor, whereas the Group 2 was tested with the control odor. The Group 3 received no odor in both tests. A significant improvement of dogs’ performance was registered in the control-vanilla odors condition (Group 1), suggesting that the exposure to the odor presented at the encoding time would prompt the recall of spatial memories in dogs.

scholarly journals The Clinicopathological Evaluations of the Efficacy of Incorporation of Amantadine Hydrochloride in the Treatment of West African Dwarf Goats Experimentally Infected with Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Iniobong C.I. UGOCHUKWU ◽  
Sunday I. IDOKO ◽  
Jacinta N. OMEKE ◽  
Chioma I. ANEKE ◽  
Nuhu A. SANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
West African ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
West African Dwarf Goats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dwarf Goats ◽  
Group 1

Peste des petits ruminants poses a major threat to the development of small ruminant production. The objective of this study was to determine the comparative efficacy of amantadine hydrochloride (HCl), oxytetracycline long acting (LA) and levamisole in West African dwarf (WAD) goats experimentally infected with PPR. In addition to the presence of the characteristic clinical signs, complement ELISA and haem agglutination inhibition (HI) tests were used to confirm PPR infection in the West African dwarf goats, then treatment was instituted in the different groups namely, group 1 which was treated with amantadine HCl orally, oxytetracycline LA intramuscularly (IM) and levamisole per os. Group 2 was treated with oxytetracycline LA IM and levamisole. Group 3 was treated with levamisole while group 4 served as untreated control. The physiological parameters namely rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rates of the different groups were recorded. The mortality rates in the different treatment groups were also recorded. The respiratory rates of the WAD goats increased as the infection progressed, but the increase was not significant (P>0.05). The treatment helped reduce the respiratory rates in the treated WAD. The rectal temperatures of all the animals in the different treatment groups increased only slightly as the infection progressed and was not significant (P>0.05). The percentage mortalities were 0% in Group 1, 25% in the Group 2, 50% in the treated group 3 and highest (75%) in the untreated group respectively. In conclusion, incorporation of specific antiviral agents like amantadine hydrochloride in the treatment regimen with oxytetracycline and levamisole particularly during the early stages of the infection can reduce morbidity and mortality of the disease to the barest minimum.

scholarly journals THE LATENT OF RHINOSINUSITIS AS A MANIFESTATION OF NEURO-IMMUNE INTERACTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
I V Stagniyeva ◽  
P A Stateshnaya
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Pain Symptom ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Acute Bacterial Sinusitis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Th 1 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: to determine the role of a pain symptom in the diagnosis of rhinosinusitis on the background of immune deficiency. 240 patients with rhinosinusitis without pain symptom were divided into 3 groups: group 1 - patients with acute viral rhinosinusitis (AVRS), group 2 - patients with acute bacterial sinusitis (ABRS), group 3 (n = 32) - control. All patients underwent a complete otorhinolaryngological examination, assessment of the pain symptom, an immunogram, the level of SP in the blood serum. At SP > 100 pg/ml in group 1, the change in indicators was typical for viral infection, in group 2, for bacterial infection. With an SP < 100 pg/ml, the cytokine balance is predominantly biased towards anti-inflammatory cytokines, and the direction of differentiation of Th-1/Th-2 lymphocytes towards the Th-2 pathway, which is manifested by immune deficiency, which leads to severe or prolonged course of the disease, which may indicate impaired neuro-immune interactions.

scholarly journals Specific features of the adhesion process of the abdominal cavity in children with different degrees of connective tissue dysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Minaev ◽  
Sergey I. Timofeev ◽  
Alina N. Grigorova ◽  
Oksana V. Vladimirova ◽  
Elena I. Pashneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To assess adhesions of the abdominal cavity in children with varying degrees of connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) severity. Methods. A total of 91 children with average age of 10.6 1.4 years were observed from 2005 to 2019. Composed of 53 boys (58.2%) and 38 girls (41.8%). Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (69 children without CTD) and group 2 (22 children with CTD). Clinical data and screening cards were used to diagnose DST. All patients underwent an assessment for the clinical course, a macroscopic visual assessment adhesive process severity in the abdominal cavity according to three different scales (Nair, F. Coccolini, N.I. Ayushinova). Immunohistochemistry was performed against collagen I, III, IV type, Laminin 1, angiogenesis factors, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-), and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1). A semi-quantitative counting method was used to record the relative number of immunopositive structures. Statistical analysis was carried out by methods of variation statistics using the Chi-square test and MannWhitney U-tests, as well as the Spearman rank correlation method for the reliability of differences between groups. Results. In the adhesive process visualization, the N.I. Ayushinov scale was revealed to be the most informative, showing the average score of 7 0.8 points in group 2 and 14 1.2 in group 1 (rs 0.35; p 0.05). In group 2, the adhesive material showed no (56%) or chaotic fragments (44%) of type I collagen, and the ratio of type I to type III collagen is 2.7: 5.1. In group 1, the ratio of type I to type III collagen is 5.9:1.8. The ratio of collagen IV to type I is 6.5: 2.9. Both groups have a moderate (++) amount of TGF-. TGF- is positive with macrophages. FGFR1 was found in the control group (++++). A positive response was seen in fibroblasts and macrophages (U = 79.00; p = 0.006). Statistically significant analyzes of vascular endothelial growth factor in compared groups (rs = 0.632, p 0.001) had a positive correlation.. Conclusion. Thus, the study showed features of clinical course and morphological changes during the development of adhesions in the abdominal cavity in children with varying degrees of severity of CTD. Data obtained dictate the need for an individual approach in predicting adhesive disease, as well as targeted preventive care.

scholarly journals Clinical value of soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (sST2) in addition to NTproBNP measurements in a general cardiac outpatient population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Ammann ◽  
Christophe Wyss ◽  
Oliver Gämperli ◽  
Peter Martin Wenaweser ◽  
Roberto Corti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Atrial Volume ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The soluble form of suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (sST2), a recently introduced biomarker, is a strong and NTproBNP-independent predictor of outcome in heart failure patients. This study sought to evaluate the added clinical value of sST2 in addition to NTproBNP in a heterogeneous cardiac outpatient population. METHODS: A total of 297 all-comer patients visiting the outpatient clinic of Heart Clinic Zurich, Switzerland, from January to December 2018 were included. Patients were divided into four groups depending on their sST2 and NTproBNP levels: group 1 (n = 91, 30.6% of all patients) with normal levels of both biomarkers, group 2 (n = 41, 13.8%) with isolated elevation of sST2 but normal NTproBNP, group 3 (n = 97, 32.7%) with elevated NTproBNP but normal sST2 levels, and group 4 (n = 68, 22.9%) with elevation of both biomarkers. Differences between groups, Spearman’s correlations and linear and multiple regression analysis for sST2 were calculated. RESULTS: The median age was 74 ± 19 years and 41.8% were women. NTproBNP levels continuously increased across the groups (medians in pg/ml: group 1 123.0, group 2 152.0, group 3 990.0 and group 4 2610.0), whereas sST2 levels did not (medians in ng/ml: 28.7, 58.9, 28.4 and 63.7 for groups 1 to 4, respectively). In patients with normal NTproBNP (groups 1 and 2), elevation of sST2 (group 2) was associated with significantly higher rates of coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease and renal dysfunction. In patients with elevated NTproBNP (groups 3 and 4), the additional elevation of sST2 (group 4) was associated with clinical signs of heart failure, higher EuroScore II and worse left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF group 3 58.0% vs group 4 53.3%, p = 0.022). Correlation of sST2 was overall weak and weaker than of NTproBNP with most clinical variables. Soluble ST2 significantly correlated with EuroScore II (R = 0.280), kidney function (R = −0.259), C-reactive protein (R = 0.248), right ventricular function (R = 0.213) and left atrial volume (R = 0.199), all p ≤0.001. In multiple regression analysis, left atrial volume was the strongest independent predictor of sST2 elevation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: In this all-comer cardiology population, the added clinical value of sST2 measurements in addition to NTproBNP was small. In patients with elevated NTproBNP, the simultaneous elevation of sST2 was associated with clinical signs of heart failure. Soluble ST2 measurements could thus be beneficial in patients with uncertain signs of heart failure and confounding factors for NTproBNP elevation. Surprisingly, this study found elevated sST2 levels in a substantial number of a patients with normal NTproBNP levels, pointing to an additional pathway of sST2 elevation independent of heart failure.

scholarly journals Role of Ajwa dates in ameliorating diclofenac sodium-induced nephrotoxicity and cardiovascular risk factors in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921986157
Author(s):  
Heba M Eltahir ◽  
Naif Aljuhani ◽  
Sara A Alsubhi ◽  
Ghada M Alahmadi ◽  
Hossein M Elbadawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant ◽  
Per Oral ◽  
Altered Lipid ◽  
Group 1

The study aims at evaluating the protective effects of Ajwa dates extract against diclofenac sodium (DFS)-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 30 male albino mice were divided into three groups. Group 1 received water per oral gavage for 14 days and saline per intra-peritoneal (IP) dose for the days 12–14. Group 2 received water like Group 1 and a daily IP dose of DFS for the days 12–14. Group 3 received 1 gm/kg Ajwa extract in water for 14 days and a daily IP dose for the days 12–14. Biochemical investigation revealed DFS-induced increase in serum urea and creatinine levels along with depleted antioxidant capacity, altered lipid profile, and hyperglycemia. Ajwa extract successfully protected against DFS-induced adverse effects, normalizing renal parameters biochemically and histologically, and prevented its hyperlipidemic and hyperglycemic effects. Ajwa protected against endogenous antioxidant capacity depletion in treated animals. Hydroalcoholic Ajwa extract is a promising candidate for protection against DFS-induced hyperlipidemia and nephrotoxicity.

Bacteriophages of Clostridium botulinum

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Dolman ◽  
Eva Chang
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Phage Group ◽  
Flexible Tail ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Type C ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Temperate bacteriophages of diverse morphology were demonstrated by electron microscopy in toxigenic cultures of Clostridium botulinum. The 41 strains examined included 23 type E and multiple representatives of all other types. Cultures induced with mitomycin-C generally gave better yields, but phages were also demonstrable in untreated cultures.A provisional grouping of toxigenic types into four categories is suggested, based mainly upon associated phage patterns. Group 1 comprises types A, B, and F (all proteolytic), many of whose cultures showed an icosahedral contractile phage; others contained a "bullrushy" phage with elongated head and long flexible tail; some strains yielded both. Group 2, types B and F (non-proteolytic), were associated with icosahedral contractile phages; the latter also had an octahedral flexible phage. Group 3, types C and D, yielded conspicuously large phages with octahedral heads and very long sheathed tails. One type C strain produced a long-tailed icosahedral phage. Type E phages constituted group 4. These were icosahedral with tails generally contracted but sometimes flexible, often accompanied by superfluous sheathed tail-like structures resembling certain bacteriocins. Although non-toxigenic "OS" mutants of types A, B, E, and F were phageless, two non-toxic type E strains yielded phages. The possible role of lysogeny in the toxigenicity of certain types of this species is likely to prove difficult to elucidate.

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