scholarly journals L.S. Vygotsky’s “Cultural Psychology” through the Lens of Spinoza and Marx

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
A.D. Maidansky
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Central Problem ◽  
The Real ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way ◽  
Psychology Of Art ◽  
Historical Theory

The book under review critically reconstructs the methodology of L.S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory that traces back to Spinoza and Marx. The second and third parts of the book focus on the experiences of applying the conceptual framework of this theory in the field of psychology of art and pedagogics. The book by S.N. Mareyev appears to be not so much a commentary to Vygotsky’s texts as a critical analysis of the concepts of cultural psychology and an attempt to reveal their heuristic potential. Mareyev tries to re-establish Vygotsky’s ideas the way it was done in the framework of Leontiev’s and Ilyenkov’s activity psychology. At the same time, Mareyev declares the importance of turning cultural-historical psychology around to face Spinoza; however, the book practically ignores the concept of affects that was developed in the Ethics and that Vygotsky considered to be the ‘guiding beginning’ of the new psychology. It is here that, in Vygotsky’s words, the genuine subject of psychological science, ‘the real uniqueness of mind’, emerges for the first time ever and ‘the central problem of all psychology, freedom’ is defined. Unfortunately, neither Mareyev, nor his teacher Ilyenkov, nor Vygotsky’s direct disciples could comprehend and further develop this Spinozian idea of his

HERODOTUS BECOMES INTERESTED IN HISTORY

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
David Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
The Real ◽  
Final Draft ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Greek World ◽  
The Way

At 3.60 Herodotus tells us that he has dwelt at length on the Samians because ‘they are responsible for three of the greatest buildings in the Greek world’: the tunnel of Eupalinos, the great temple, and the breakwater that protects their harbour. As successive commentators have pointed out, that is not the real reason for the length of his account. We hear about the tunnel for the first time in this chapter (60.1–3); Maiandrios escapes down a secret channel at 146.2, which may or may not be Eupalinos' tunnel; we hear about the temple of Artemis, not of Hera, at Samos in 48; dedications in the temple of Hera are mentioned in passing at 1.70.3, 3.123.1, 4.88.1, and 4.152.4, but the temple itself cannot be said to play a major part in Herodotus' narrative; naval expeditions sail from Samos (e.g. 44.2, 59.4) but there is no emphasis on the harbour or its breakwater. What Herodotus should have said is ‘I have dwelt at length on Samos, because I am interested in the island's history; and, by the way, they are responsible for three…’; but it is not our job to tell him what he ‘should’ have said. As David Asheri remarks, ‘We can explain it [the length of the Samian logos] most simply by supposing that the logos already existed before the final draft of the book’.

Visual Documents, Property Archives, and the Map of the City of Rome: 1563–1712

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-305
Author(s):  
David Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

The libri delle case are inventories of buildings that were produced by the pious institutions of Rome—convents, confraternities, hospitals—beginning in the second half of the sixteenth century. They are based on images—first plans, later elevations and even sections—and for that reason are different from all earlier inventories. In Visual Documents, Property Archives, and the Map of the City of Rome: 1563–1712, David Friedman discusses how the introduction of images transformed both the organization and the content of the archives. Introduced at a moment of dramatic change in the real estate market, they are the means by which the documentary record focused for the first time on the physical qualities of property. The plans document a fundamental change in the way the city itself was understood. First recorded as isolated objects, the houses of the later libri are set in increasingly wide physical contexts, reflecting a vision of the city as a continuous spatial field.

scholarly journals Scepsis, veldwerk en de bestudering van hedendaags sjamanisme

KWALON ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Boekhoven
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Specific Field ◽  
The Way

Scepsis, fieldwork and the study of contemporary shamanism Scepsis, fieldwork and the study of contemporary shamanism The author describes the way his first fieldwork experiences among contemporary shamanism in the Netherlands influenced his methodological stance in relation to his subject. His scepticism guided him towards moderate participation rather than active participation, concentrating on observation instead of participation. With the help of the conceptual framework of Bourdieu, he started to interpret the various forms of shamanism as products of people who take position in a specific field, wherein certain forms of capital are valued. His attention turned to their habitus, their self-legitimising imagination and the logic of their field. Ultimately, shamanism in the Netherlands became only a small part of his thesis, as his sceptical habitus guided him towards a genealogy of interpretations of shamanism. In this historical enterprise, academic interpreters are also contextualised within certain fields. Their habitus and self-legitimising imagination come into view because in academic as well as in religious fields, the real is relational.

If Looks Could Kill

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Karen Chan
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Significant Rate ◽  
Chinese Canadian ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way

For me, rhythm means having consistency. The piece highlights my own experience with the disruption of my daily rhythm due to COVID-19. The first half shows my routine and interactions prior to COVID-19 while the second half shows my experiences in the present day. Prior to the virus, I had a day to day routine that was filled with noise. Everyday moved quickly and I established a daily rhythm. However, when COVID-19 spread, it changed everything. I felt like I didn’t have a routine anymore because I wasn’t allowed to go anywhere. Time was moving much slower and worst of all, xenophobia was growing at a significant rate. As a Chinese Canadian, this was the first time I truly felt the weight of the color of my skin. COVID-19 changed the way that I consistently assumed that the color of my skin wasn’t something that strangers would significantly care about. However, as I got on a bus, I unintentionally scared a woman simply because of my skin color. From that point, I knew that xenophobia would affect the way people perceived me everyday. The woman was scared of the virus— which in turn was scared of me—and I was scared that she would thwart her anger towards me because I am Chinese. If looks could kill, then the woman and I ironically both feared each other. Now, due to COVID-19, I am adapting to a new routine. A routine where the color of skin rings louder than any other sound.

Menelaah Lebih Dekat “Post Factual/Post Truth Politics, Studi Kasus Brexit” (Analsis Resensi Media)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Wahyono ◽  
Rizka Amalia ◽  
Ikma Citra Ranteallo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Way

This research further examines the video entitled “what is the truth about post-factual politics?” about the case in the United States related to Trump and in the UK related to Brexit. The phenomenon of Post truth/post factual also occurs in Indonesia as seen in the political struggle experienced by Ahok in the governor election (DKI Jakarta). Through Michel Foucault's approach to post truth with assertive logic, the mass media is constructed for the interested parties and ignores the real reality. The conclusion of this study indicates that new media was able to spread various discourses ranging from influencing the way of thoughts, behavior of society to the ideology adopted by a society.Keywords: Post factual, post truth, new media

Yury Nagibin and shadows of the Niernsee House

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
S. N. Liutova ◽  
I. I. Dronova
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
Manufacturing Plant ◽  
The Real ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Real People ◽  
State Archives ◽  
First Time

The article reveals the names of the prototypes of certain characters in Nagibin’s long story My Golden Mother-in-Law [Moya zolotaya tyoshcha] (the mother-in-law being A. Likhachyova, the wife of the director of the Moscow Car Manufacturing Plant ZIL). For the first time we read the names and learn about the destiny of M. and L. Kostromin, the real people behind the characters of Matvey Matveevich, the neighbour, and Nina Petrovna, the female protagonist’s best friend. The life story of these personalities, residents of the legendary Niernsee House in Bolshoy Gnezdnikovsky Lane, enables the authors, who are related to L. Kostromina, to explain the underpinnings of the relationships between the prototypes of Nagibin’s characters, often a mystery for the writer himself, and share first-hand accounts that confirm his amazing flair for imagination. The article uses materials of family lore, the authors’ private archive (letters and photographs), as well as hitherto unsearched materials from state archives.

The AI Delusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Smith
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Real ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
Real Danger ◽  
The Way

We live in an incredible period in history. The Computer Revolution may be even more life-changing than the Industrial Revolution. We can do things with computers that could never be done before, and computers can do things for us that could never be done before. But our love of computers should not cloud our thinking about their limitations. We are told that computers are smarter than humans and that data mining can identify previously unknown truths, or make discoveries that will revolutionize our lives. Our lives may well be changed, but not necessarily for the better. Computers are very good at discovering patterns, but are useless in judging whether the unearthed patterns are sensible because computers do not think the way humans think. We fear that super-intelligent machines will decide to protect themselves by enslaving or eliminating humans. But the real danger is not that computers are smarter than us, but that we think computers are smarter than us and, so, trust computers to make important decisions for us. The AI Delusion explains why we should not be intimidated into thinking that computers are infallible, that data-mining is knowledge discovery, and that black boxes should be trusted.

Corporate Reorganization Law and Forces of Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Corporate Reorganization ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Way

This book is concerned with the way in which forces of change, from the fields of finance and non-financial corporates, cause participants in the corporate reorganization process to adapt the ways in which they mobilize corporate reorganization law. It argues that scholars, practitioners, judges, and the legislature must all take care to connect their conceptual frameworks to the specific adaptations which emerge from this process of change. It further argues that this need to connect theoretical and policy concepts with practical adaptations has posed particular challenges when US corporate reorganization law has been under examination in the decade since the financial crisis. At the same time, the book suggests that English scholars, practitioners, judges, and the legislature have been more successful, over the course of the past ten years, in choosing concepts to frame their analysis which are sensitive to the ways in which corporate reorganization law is currently used. Nonetheless, it suggests that new problems may be on the horizon for English corporate reorganization lawyers in adapting their conceptual framework in the decades to come.

scholarly journals The notion of ‘employer’: Towards a uniform European concept?

2021 ◽  
pp. 203195252199115
Author(s):  
Matthijs van Schadewijk
Keyword(s):  
Functional Approach ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Member States ◽  
Corporate Groups ◽  
European Legislation ◽  
Contractual Approach ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Eu ◽  
The Way

The growth in multilateral working relationships (e.g. agency work, chains of sub-contracting and corporate groups) is causing Member States to increasingly scrutinise their traditional, contractual approach to the notion of ‘employer’. So far, little attention has been paid to the boundaries and limits that EU law sets when defining the employer. The lack of attention may have come to an end with the recent AFMB judgment, in which the Court ruled, for the first time, that the concept of employer in a provision of EU law had to be given an autonomous and uniform interpretation throughout the EU. Starting from the AFMB judgment, the author analyses the concept of employer in EU law. The author finds that the concept of employer in EU law can be described as ‘uniform in its functionality’: in EU law, the national concept of the employer is never absolute, but the circumstances and the way in which the national concept must be set aside depend on the context and the objective of the European legislation in question. Through this functional approach, EU law partly harmonises the various national approaches to the concept of the employer. Nevertheless, a lack of specific reasoning on the part of the Court may grant the Member States considerable leeway to uphold their own views on the concept.

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