Micronutrient deficiency in menstrual dysfunction among women of reproductive age

Objective. To determine whether inorganic menstrual dysfunction (MD) is associated with magnesium, iron and vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. The study group I consisted of 50 women with MD: dysmenorrhea (16 women), oligomenorrhea (12 women), functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (3 patients) and acyclic abnormal uterine bleeding (19 women), the comparison group II was composed of 30 patients with normal menstrual function. The methods of study included history taking using a questionnaire to detect the signs of magnesium deficiency, physical examination, echography of pelvic organs, full blood count, blood tests to determine the concentration of magnesium, vitamin D and ferritin as well as consulting a therapeutist. Results. Magnesium deficiency was registered significantly more often in patients with MD (93.0 3.6 %, 73.0 8.1 %, respectively; p 0.05). The most typical signs of magnesium deficiency were the central symptoms: headache (58.0 7.1 %, 22.0 7.6 %; p 0.001), irritability (53.0 7.1 %, 26.0 8.0 %; p 0.01), dyssomnia (45.0 7.0 %, 17.0 6.9 %; p 0.01), dizziness (42.5 7.0 %, 22.0 7.6 %; p 0.05), a decrease in libido (34.0 6.7 %, 13.0 6.1 %; p 0.05), as well as trophic disturbances including hair loss (38.0 6.9 %, 13.0 6.9 %; p 0.01). Similar findings were obtained when we studied the iron supply: the frequency of latent iron deficiency (according to ferritin concentration) was 77.0 5.9 and 35.7 8.4 % respectively; p 0.001. Deficiency or insufficient supply of 25(ОH)D was registered significantly more often in women with MD in comparison with healthy women (45.0 7.0 %, 20.0 7.3 %; p 0.05). Conclusions. In summary, determination of the level of micronutrients and adequate compensation of their deficiency can be important factors in physiological correction of endocrine imbalance leading to functional disorders in the reproductive system and a decrease in fertility.

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Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2016.113.108 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 108-111

Author(s):

T.F. Tatarchuk ◽

◽

D.G. German ◽

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Age ◽

Cervix Uteri ◽

Control Group ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Endometrial Polyps ◽

Group Iii ◽

Aggressive Form ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

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Relationship between vitamin D and thyroid status in women of reproductive age with subclinical hypothyroidism and TPO-Ab +

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.73.aep571 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Veronika Kulchinska

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Thyroid Status ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age

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Vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age, options for correction

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2018-7-18-22 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 18-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Z. Khashukoeva ◽

T. N. Savchenko ◽

M. I. Agaeva ◽

Z. A. Agaeva ◽

G. O. Andreasyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age

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ESTIMATION TO EFFICIENCY OF THE MULTIFUNCTION METHOD ОF ENDOMETRIOSIS OVARIЕS TREATMENT

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202005106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (5) ◽

pp. 868-872

Author(s):

Iryna M. Nikitina ◽

Volodymyr I. Boiko ◽

Svitlana A. Smiian ◽

Tetiana V. Babar ◽

Natalia V. Kalashnyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Inhibin B ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Sexual Life ◽

Control Group ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Antral Follicles ◽

Group I ◽

Laparoscopic Removal

The aim: The aim of the study was to improve the results of treatment of patients with endometriosis by using a combination method of therapy. Materials and methods: For two years, 136 women of reproductive age who underwent laparoscopic surgeries for ovarian endometriosis were monitored: Group I (n = 24) did not receive any hormonal treatment in the perioperative period; Group II (n = 32) – received gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists within 3 months after surgery; Group III (n = 80) prior to laparoscopic removal of the ovarian cyst used gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists – Triptorelin 3.75 mg intramuscularly for 2 months, as well as three months after surgery. The control group consisted of 30 healthy women of reproductive age with regular menstrual periods. All patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound, counting the number of antral follicles before and after treatment. Serum hormone levels (FSH, prolactin, thyrotropic hormone, anti-Mullerian hormone, inhibin B) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on Cobas e-411 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland) on day 2-3 of the menstrual cycle and on day 2–3 of the first menstrual period after the end of treatment. Laparoscopic removal of the cyst was performed with exfoliation of the cyst, hemostasis on the wound surface of the bed of the cyst was performed with a bipolar electrocoagulator. Bipolar coagulation and resection of the ovarian tissue with no potential was used during surgical treatment of the ovaries, which made it possible to preserve the intact portion of the ovary as much as possible. Results: Analysis of ovarian reserve indices, namely number of antral foliculs, number of antral follicles, AMG, and inhibin B levels in all examined patients with ovarian endometriomas were significantly lower than those of the control group before the start of treatment: in the ovarian endometrial group group 1.26 times (p <0.01), inhibin B – 1.5 times (p <0.01), the number of antral follicles – 1.2 times (p <0.01), due to the development dystrophic changes of the follicular apparatus due to prolonged compression, hypoxia, fibrosis in the ovaries. Patients who planned pregnancy were advised to have an active sexual life before menstruation was restored. In 23 (46.9%) of 49 patients who had reproductive plans, pregnancy occurred without first menstruation after a course of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, 12 (24.5%) women became pregnant during the first three menstrual cycles. Extracorporeal fertilization was recommended for women who did not have pregnancy within 6 months of surgery. For two years in women who did not plan pregnancy, recurrence of endometriosis was not observed. Conclusions: The combination of laparoscopic treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in patients with endometriosis with infertility allowed to restore reproductive function in 71.4% of women, which indicates the effectiveness of the treatment method used. In addition, it helps to achieve lasting remission and addresses the socio-social problems of women’s health and maternity.

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Pathogenetic mechanisms of endometrial hyperplasia in women of reproductive age

Voprosy ginekologii akušerstva i perinatologii ◽

10.20953/1726-1678-2020-5-44-50 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

I.M. Ordiyants ◽

◽

A.A. Kuular ◽

A.A. Yamurzina ◽

D.S. Novginov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Estrogen Receptors ◽

Pyruvate Kinase ◽

Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽

Uterine Fibroids ◽

Uterine Bleeding ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Pyruvate Kinase M2 ◽

Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽

Group I

Objective. To analyze pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of endometrial hyperplasia in women of reproductive age. Patients and methods. We have examined 143 women of reproductive age with endometrial hyperplasia (EH). Study participants were divided into three groups: Group I included EH patients without atypia; Group II included patients with atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium; Group III (control group) comprised 56 women with abnormal uterine bleeding, in whom we excluded adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, and iatrogenic causes of uterine bleeding. Genomic DNA was isolated using phenol-chloroform extraction. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect microRNA-210, -18a, -221, and -222. The detection of tumor pyruvate kinase M2 was performed using the ScheBo® Tumor M2-PK kit designed for quantitative assessment of this metabolic cancer marker in plasma and endometrial tissue samples. Results. Significant risk factors triggering the pathogenetic mechanism of EH development in reproductive age include extragenital disorders (obesity, thyroid diseases, diseases of the urinary system, hypertension) and gynecological diseases (pelvic inflammatory diseases, adenomyosis, benign breast dysplasia, uterine fibroids). Alterations affecting estrogen receptors lead to changes in microRNA messengers, which, in turn, affect target genes and cause changes in the adaptive abilities of the cell. Expression of pyruvate kinase M2 in this chain confirms proapoptotic changes in the cell and the risk of its atypia. Conclusion. The pathogenesis of EH is based on the following factors: polymorphism of the ERS1 and PRG genes, increased expression of miRNA-210, -18a, and -222, decreased expression of miRNA-221, and overexpression of pyruvate kinase M2. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia, miRNA, pyruvate kinase M2, progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors

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Abnormal uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age and premenopause

Akusherstvo i ginekologiia ◽

10.18565/aig.2020.8.29-38 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8_2020 ◽

pp. 29-38

Author(s):

Solovyeva A.V. Solovyeva ◽

Chegus L.A. Chegus ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽

Uterine Bleeding ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age

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Accuracy of saline contrast sonohysterography in detection of endometrial polyps and submucosal leiomyomas in women of reproductive age with abnormal uterine bleeding: systematic review and meta-analysis

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1002/uog.17352 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

C. A. Bittencourt ◽

R. dos Santos Simões ◽

W. M. Bernardo ◽

L. F. P. Fuchs ◽

J. M. Soares Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽

Uterine Bleeding ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Endometrial Polyps

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Comparison between Different Diagnostic Strategies in Low-Risk Reproductive Age and Pre-Menopausal Women Presenting Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10110884 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 884

Author(s):

Chiara Belcaro ◽

Federica Scrimin ◽

Alessandro Mangogna ◽

Emanuele Filippo Galati ◽

Stefania Biffi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽

Endometrial Biopsy ◽

Uterine Bleeding ◽

Low Risk ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Female Population ◽

Diagnostic Strategies ◽

Study Results

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common symptom in the female population, with an estimated prevalence of 10 to 30% in fertile age and up to 90% in perimenopausal women. In most cases, AUB is due to a benign cause. However, it can also be a symptom of atypical endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial cancer, a more common disease during menopause which can also affect women in their reproductive age. Considering the high prevalence of this symptom an appropriate diagnostic algorithm is needed. Concerns about the risks, pain, and stress associated with an endometrial biopsy and its impact on the healthcare system make the choice of AUB diagnostic strategy extremely relevant. Even if the scientific community agrees on the definition of AUB, International Guidelines show some differences in the management of women of reproductive age with AUB, especially regarding the age cut-off as an independent indication for endometrial biopsy. This study compared different diagnostic strategies to identify a diagnostic pathway with high sensitivity and specificity but low impact on the health system’s resources. The analysis was based on three diagnostic algorithms defined as part of the guidelines of leading scientific societies. Women of reproductive age with AUB (n = 625) and without risk of endometrial cancer were included in the study. Results showed that the best criterion to investigate AUB in women at low risk of endometrial cancer is not age cut-off but the presence or absence of focal endometrial pathology at the ultrasound and the response to the progestin therapy. This approach makes it possible to perform fewer outpatient hysteroscopic biopsies without excluding positive cases from the examination.

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The level of vitamin D and its relationship with the amount of fatty tissue and adipocytokine content in the women of reproductive age

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl201258619-23 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 19-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

T. L. Karonova ◽

E. N. Grineva ◽

E. P. Mikheeva ◽

O. D. Belyaeva ◽

E. I. Krasil’nikova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Fatty Tissue ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽

The Relationship

The patients with obesity are known to suffer 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency, but the relationship between these two conditions remains unclear. The blood 25(ON)D levels in practically healthy women were compared with the amount and distribution patterns of the fatty tissue and with the content of plasma adipocytokines. The absence or deficit of vitamin D was documented in 61.3% of the women included in the present study. They exhibited negative correlation between 25(ON) D levels and body weight. The patients with obesity were characterized by correlation between the 25(ON)D levels and waist circumference, body weight, BMI, and the amount of fatty tissue. The women of reproductive age with the reduced blood 25(ON)D level (OR 1.86 [0.88—3.95]; CI 95%) or 25(ON)D deficiency (OR 2.23 [1.03—4.80]; CI 95%) were at a higher risk of development of obesity compared with the women in whom the 25(ON)D levels were in excess of 75 nmol/l. The study confirmed correlations between adypocytokine levels and the amount of fatty tissue even though it failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between the levels of adipocytokines and vitamin D.

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