scholarly journals Diseases of the gallbladder in children — modern view of pediatric surgeon (systematic review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Shawn D. St. Peter ◽  
Yury A. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Stone Formation ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Biliary Dyskinesia ◽  
Surgical Technology ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Currently, the two main causes of diseases of the gallbladder in children are biliary dyskinesia and the formation of gallbladder stones. Biliary dyskinesia is an independent disease and is caused mainly by reduced motility of the gallbladder, which leads to its insufficiently good emptying and is accompanied by chronic pain abdominal syndrome. The causes of stone formation in children differ from the sources of stone formation in adults. Metabolic disorders, mainly against the background of obesity, lead to the formation of cholesterol stones, which is the most common cause of cholelithiasis in children. Blood diseases is another factor of cholelithiasis associated with hemolysis, such as sickle cell anemia, hereditary spherocytosis, and thalassemia. Symptoms of gallbladder disease are mainly in chronic abdominal pain syndrome. Inflammation of the gallbladder is a fairly rare form of the course of gallstone disease in children. The current surgical technology for treatment of gallbladder diseases in children, as in adults, is cholecystectomy, which can be realized depending on the degree of mastery of endosurgical skills using standard four-port laparoscopic techniques or a single laparoscopic approach. This review addresses the issues of semiotics, etiology, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of gallbladder disease in pediatric patients. The scientific work answers many controversial questions regarding the diagnosis of biliary dyskinesia, the choice of diagnostic method for concomitant choledocholithiasis, and the selection of the most effective surgical approach.

scholarly journals Sensor, Signal, and Imaging Informatics

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
W. Hsu ◽  
S. Park ◽  
Charles Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Imaging Informatics ◽  
Sensor Signal ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Summary Objective: To summarize significant contributions to sensor, signal, and imaging informatics published in 2016. Methods: We conducted an extensive search using PubMed® and Web of Science® to identify the scientific contributions published in 2016 that addressed sensors, signals, and imaging in medical informatics. The three section editors selected 15 candidate best papers by consensus. Each candidate article was reviewed by the section editors and at least two other external reviewers. The final selection of the six best papers was conducted by the editorial board of the Yearbook. Results: The selected papers of 2016 demonstrate the important scientific advances in management and analysis of sensor, signal, and imaging information. Conclusion: The growing volume of signal and imaging data provides exciting new challenges and opportunities for research in medical informatics. Evolving technologies provide faster and more effective approaches for pattern recognition and diagnostic evaluation. The papers selected here offer a small glimpse of the high-quality scientific work published in 2016 in the domain of sensor, signal, and imaging informatics.

scholarly journals Two Cases of Acute Cholecystitis and Symptomatic Choledocholithiasis in Two Women Less than 40-Years-of-Age with Hormonal Intrauterine Devices

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Helen M. Shields ◽  
Hasrat Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Women Patients ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Risks

Levonorgestrel uterine implants are accepted as a safe and efficacious method of contraception. One of the two major health side effects in a large controlled study of subcutaneous hormonal implants with levonorgestrel was a significant increase in gallbladder disease. Gallbladder hypomotility is recognized as a side effect of the levonorgestrel (progesterone). We recently saw on a Gastroenterology Consult Service, two women under 40-years-of-age who had been transferred from outside hospitals with acute cholecystitis with symptomatic choledocholithiasis. Both required Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and sphincterotomies in addition to laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Both had hormonal (levonorgestrel-releasing) intrauterine devices in place for contraception. Although one patient had a family history of gallstones, the other did not. Both were nonobese, young women patients. We were struck by the coincidence of seeing two such patients. Few articles in the medical literature detail the clinical risks of gallstone disease in patients with hormonal (levonorgestrel-releasing) intrauterine devices. Our experiences with these two patients led us to believe that patients with risk factors for gallstone disease, such as a positive family history, ethnic predisposition, or obesity, should be warned of possible problems, not only with gallbladder disease, but also of common duct stones.

Laparoscopic resections in the treatment of children with liver tumors: the first experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
A. B. Riabov ◽  
M. S. Kubirov ◽  
A. V. Khizhnikov ◽  
M. Yu. Rykov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Laparoscopic Resection ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques ◽  
Resection Volume ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance: Surgery is one of the main methods of treating patients with liver neoplasms. At that, minimally invasive surgical techniques facilitate the course of the postoperative period and rehabilitation. The purpose of the study was the selection of optimal surgical treatment for children with liver tumors. Results: In 2014-2020, five patients aged 3-9 years with liver tumors underwent laparoscopic resection at the Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital (Moscow, Russia). Out of 3 patients with hepatoblastomas, two patients had stage PRETEXT I, one – stage II. All patients underwent radical surgical treatment (R0); in one child (4%), the resection volume was R1. The duration of operations did not exceed 60 minutes; intraoperative blood loss was within 10 ml/kg; no intraoperative complications were registered. Conclusion: Laparoscopic techniques reduce surgery time and blood loss, prevent intraoperative and postoperative complications, shorten the hospital stay, decrease enteral and drug burden, and the need for chemotherapy. They also facilitate radical surgery and early patient mobilization.

scholarly journals Conservative Management of Gallstone Disease in the Elderly Population: Outcomes and Recurrence

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
I Mora-Guzmán ◽  
M Di Martino ◽  
AC Bonito ◽  
VV Jodra ◽  
SG Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Index Admission ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Early Cholecystectomy ◽  
Non Operative Management

Background & Aims: The prevalence of gallstone disease increases with age, being early cholecystectomy the most accepted treatment in the vast majority of patients in order to prevent complications and recurrence. The aim of this study is to determine the recurrence rate and its possible predictors after initial non-operative management. Materials and Methods: We reviewed a consecutive series of patients, older than 65 years, admitted for a gallstone-related disease and treated with a non-operative management between January 2010 and December 2013. We analyzed comorbidities, clinical data, diagnosis, management, recurrence, and its treatment. Median follow-up after the discharge was 2 years. Recurrence was analyzed by a Kaplan–Meier survival curve. Possible recurrence’s predictors were analyzed. Results: The study included 226 patients. Mean age was 80.4 ± 7.2 years, 127 (56%) were female. The main causes of index hospitalization were acute cholecystitis (58%) and biliary pancreatitis (18.1%). After 2 years of follow-up, the recurrence rate was 39.8%; mean time to recurrence was 255.2 ± 42.1 days, 81% of patients recurred within 1 year. Bile duct disease implied a higher recurrence rate than the gallbladder disease group (52% vs 33%, p < 0.001). Subjects with two or more diagnoses during index admission presented higher recurrence rate (32% vs 49%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: More than a third of elderly patients could present a recurrence within 2 years after initial non-operative management. Early cholecystectomy should be considered at index admission in order to prevent recurrence.

The Scientific Work of Jorgen Lund and a Personal Assessment of its Significance

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville F. Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Vibration Technology ◽  
Personal Assessment ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A selection of the more important works of Jorgen Lund, are described. The industrial features of the periods in which specific developments in rotordynamics took place are discussed, together with these developments themselves and the investigators who made them. Lund’s contributions are included within the latter part of this framework. The comparative value of Lund’s work is considered in terms of several criteria, which are judged to apply to the work of investigators generally. These criteria are used to examine the characteristics of three important pioneers of vibration technology, to demonstrate the validity of these criteria. Lund’s contributions are shown to be of high caliber when judged by the same criteria.

scholarly journals Study of Helicobacter hepaticus in gallbladders with cholelithiasis and its sensitivity pattern

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
SB Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Stone Formation ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Helicobacter Hepaticus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Cholelithiasis is one of the most common digestive surgical disorders. The natural history of gallstone development is unknown. Bacteria are found in high concentration in bile and stone. It is difficult to ascertain whether bacterial infection of the bile arose before stone formation or vice versa. Materials & methods: Prospective study was carried out in 30 cholecystectomy specimens of patients with cholelithiasis collected from 15th January 2005 to 24th July 2005 in Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. The samples were collected in a sterile vial containing 0.5% saline. A small piece of gallbladder was taken in Blood agar and Chocolate agar media for micro anaerobic culture at 370C. The growth of the organism was observed after 48 hours of incubation. Gram stain and various biochemical tests were performed for the confirmation of Helicobacter hepaticus and its sensitivity pattern was studied. Histologically Helicobacter hepaticus was demonstrated in formalin fixed tissue sections using Warthin Starry Silver stain. Results: A total of 76.66% cases showed growth positivity. Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most sensitive drug (95.7%) for Helicobacter hepaticus followed by Ciprofloxacin (91.3%), Cephalaxin (91.3%), Certriaxone (91.3%), Ofloxacin (82.6%), Amikacin (65.2%) and Norfloxacin (60.9%). Helicobacter hepaticus was least sensitive to Amoxycillin (57%). Conclusion: From this study, it is quite apparent that Helicobacter hepaticus infection is commonly associated (76.66%) with cholelithiasis. If the patients are treated with the sensitive antibiotics regularly and the infection, that is the number one cause for the precipitation of bile leading to the formation of gallstones, can be controlled, the incidence of cholelithiasis can be reduced so that the health care expenditure related to gallbladder disease can be reduced markedly. Key words: Cholelithiasis Helicobacter hepaticus; WSS stain DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i2.2704 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2009) Vol.7, No.2 Issue 26, 125-128

Laparoscopic versus Open Colon Resections in California: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1063-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya S. Patel ◽  
Madhukar S. Patel ◽  
Sanjit Mahanti ◽  
Adrian Ortega ◽  
Glenn T. Ault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Laparoscopic Colectomy ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Case Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perioperative Morbidity ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Laparoscopic surgery is associated with decreased hospital length of stay, improved perioperative morbidity, and faster return to work compared with open procedures. Despite these benefits, laparoscopy has not been universally adopted with recent implementation estimates ranging from 10 to 30 per cent. The purpose of this study was to analyze the adoption of laparoscopic techniques for colon resections in California in 2009 based on institutional colectomy volume status. A total of 14,736 patients from 320 hospitals was analyzed. The laparoscopic to open case ratios for the low (zero to 17 cases/year), medium (18 to 50 cases/year), and high (greater than 50 cases/year) volume centers were: 0.32, 0.50, and 0.92, respectively. Although the data confirmed that a laparoscopic approach reduced length of stay (LOS) regardless of volume, lower adopters of laparoscopic colectomy had a longer overall total LOS, likely related to preponderance of open cases. Therefore, the data show that higher-volume institutions appear to have implemented laparoscopic colectomy for more of their case volume, and this adoption may account for the better institutional outcomes observed in these centers.

The Scientific Work of Jørgen Lund and a Personal Assessment of Its Significance

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville F. Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Vibration Technology ◽  
Personal Assessment ◽  
Selection Of

A selection of the more important works of Jørgen Lund are described. The industrial features of the periods in which specific developments in rotordynamics took place are discussed, together with these developments themselves and the investigators who made them. Lund’s contributions are included within the latter part of this framework. The comparative value of Lund’s work is considered in terms of several criteria, which are judged to apply to the work of investigators generally. These criteria are used to examine the characteristics of three important pioneers of vibration technology, to demonstrate the validity of these criteria. Lund’s contributions are shown to be of high caliber when judged by the same criteria.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Gastric Resection for Gastric Cancer: Is Intracorporeal Anastomosis Necessary?

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogun Ersen ◽  
Ali Ekrem Ünal ◽  
Cemil Yüksel ◽  
Serdar Çulcu ◽  
Salim İlksen Başçeken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Resection ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Intracorporeal Anastomosis ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Benefit Risk Assessment ◽  
Laparoscopic Gastric Resection ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques ◽  
Mini Laparotomy

Background and Objective: In surgical dissection, laparoscopic approach and open techniques do not differ significantly, but there is still no consensus on how anastomosis should be performed in both cardia and distal gastric tumors. Anastomosis can be performed by laparoscopy-assisted mini-laparotomy or by intracorporeal suture techniques. In this study, we aim to present our four years of clinical experience and short-term surgical results from 133 cases in order to evaluate the necessity of laparoscopic anastomosis. Methods: This study was approved by Ethics Committee (No: 1-8-19, date: 14/01/2019). Patients who underwent curative resection with the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma between January 2014 and January 2018 in the Ankara University Surgical Oncology Department were included in the study. Results: Of the 133 patients included in the study, 108 (81.2) were male and the mean age was 60.51 ± 12.0 years. The time of anastomosis was significantly longer in patients undergoing intracorporeal anastomosis (p = 0.021). The incidence of anastomotic leakage was significantly higher in the group undergoing intracorporeal anastomosis (p = 0.004). Conclusions: We think that esophagojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy anastomoses in patients undergoing total gastrectomy should be performed with intracorporeal techniques in terms of benefit risk assessment. We believe that it is more feasible to continue the case with mini laparotomy when anastomosis is reached in patients who are planned to have gastrojejunostomy. In addition, in terms of intracorporeal anastomoses and advanced laparoscopic techniques, intracorporeal anastomoses performed in gastric cancer surgery for a laparoscopist who has completed the learning curve do not appear to be very different in terms of anastomosis safety. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.1915 How to cite this:Ogun E, Ekrem UA, Yuksel C, Serdar C, Basceken SI, Umit M, et al. Laparoscopic Gastric Resection for Gastric Cancer: Is Intracorporeal Anastomosis Necessary? Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.1915 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals SURGICAL TREATMENT OF TRAPEZIOMETACARPAL OSTEOARTHRITIS (REVIEW)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
L. A. Rodomanova ◽  
I. V. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Trapeziometacarpal Joint ◽  
Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Selection Of

 The sellar joint plays a key role in wrist function ensuring thumb contraposition when gripping. Lesions of sellar joint are accompanied by pain syndrome and deformity of the first metacarpal which substantially affects life quality of the patients. The authors carried the analysis of literature dedicated to surgical treatment of degenerative lesions of trapeziometacarpal joint. The present review describes features of joint anatomy and biomechanics, reports the key factors contributing to disease progression, covers various approaches and criteria for selection of surgical options for reconstruction of sellar joint. 

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