scholarly journals Optimization of the auxiliary stopping area planning in the middle-to-high speed Maglev

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingying Lai ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Lingyun Meng ◽  
Xiaofeng Chai ◽  
Qunyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Maglev System ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Area Planning

Background: The Auxiliary Stopping Area (ASA) is the special section that possesses power supply rail and personnel evacuation facilities, whose quantities and locations in a line are of great significance to reduce construction cost and improve transportation efficiency for the middle-to-high speed maglev. Aim: This paper focuses on optimizing the length and location of the ASA for the middle-to-high speed maglev system to improve the robustness of maglev line. Methods of the studies: Two evaluation indexes which reflect the ASA restricts on the train operation process was proposed. A model for optimizing the setting of the ASA is constructed, and solved by the genetic algorithm. Results: The result of numerical examples shows that the proposed method can effectively improve the performances of the ASA. Conclusion: This paper proposed two indexes to reflect the impact of station settings on train operations, which provides a method to optimize the ASA from qualitative optimization to quantitative optimization.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic fields related to high speed transportation systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Kircher ◽  
Johannes Klühspies ◽  
Ryszard Palka ◽  
Eckert Fritz ◽  
Kenji Eiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Maglev System ◽  
The Impact

Issue: The potential health risks on passengers and the environment related to electromagnetic fields caused by the operation of electrically driven high speed transportation systems has become a major issue. Especially the magnetic flux density or induction can generate physiological effects in body tissues. Aim: In this paper, we compare calculated and experimental values of electromagnetic fields in rail-wheel systems such as ICE with the Maglev-systems Transrapid and the JR Maglev-system, based on available data. Method: To estimate the impact on passengers, the field contributions generated by the power supply system as well as by the drive and suspension systems are taken into account. For the comparison, the peak values of the electromagnetic fields have been considered. Results: The results show, that there are no health risks from the electric fields. Regarding the magnetic induction, the calculated the peak values remain well below the limits given by national regulations. In the case of the Transrapid and the JR Maglev system, the measured peak values in the environment and inside the vehicle depend on the levitation and the guidance technology and the geometrical parameters. The JR Maglev system requires effective magnetic shielding measures which are connected with heavy materials. Since such materials may have a negative influence on the energy balance and the economics of operation, R&D efforts are focusing on the optimization of materials and the structure of shields. Conclusion: In high speed transportation systems there are no potential risks from electrical fields. Regarding magnetic fields, the induction generated by the power supply and the drive system remain well below the frequency dependent limits. The situation is different for magnetic levitation systems, depending on the suspension and guidance technology. Especially the JR Maglev requires effective shielding measures. The shielding materials may have a negative impact on the energy balance.

Notch-based speed trajectory optimisation for high-speed railway automatic train operation

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440972110421
Author(s):  
Minling Feng ◽  
Chaoxian Wu ◽  
Shaofeng Lu ◽  
Yihui Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Applied Force ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
Automatic Train Operation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trajectory Optimisation

Automatic train operation (ATO) systems are fast becoming one of the key components of the intelligent high-speed railway (HSR). Designing an effective optimal speed trajectory for ATO is critical to guide the high-speed train (HST) to operate with high service quality in a more energy-efficient way. In many advanced HSR systems, the traction/braking systems would provide multiple notches to satisfy the traction/braking demands. This paper modelled the applied force as a controlled variable based on the selection of notch to realise a notch-based train speed trajectory optimisation model to be solved by mixed integer linear programming (MILP). A notch selection model with flexible vertical relaxation was proposed to allow the traction/braking efforts to change dynamically along with the selected notch by introducing a series of binary variables. Two case studies were proposed in this paper where Case study 1 was conducted to investigate the impact of the dynamic notch selection on train operations, and the optimal result indicates that the applied force can be flexibly adjusted corresponding to different notches following a similar operation sequence determined by optimal train control theory. Moreover, in addition to the maximum traction/braking notches and coasting, medium notches with appropriate vertical relaxation would be applied in accordance with the specific traction/braking demands to make the model feasible. In Case study 2, a comprehensive numerical example with the parameters of CRH380AL HST demonstrates the robustness of the model to deal with the varying speed limit and gradient in a real-world scenario. The notch-based model is able to obtain a more realistic optimal strategy containing dynamic notch selection and speed trajectory with an increase (1.622%) in energy consumption by comparing the results of the proposed model and the non-notch model.

scholarly journals Traction Power Substation Load Analysis with Various Train Operating Styles and Substation Fault Modes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2788
Author(s):  
Zhongbei Tian ◽  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Stuart Hillmansen ◽  
Shuai Su ◽  
Chenglin Wen
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Power Substation ◽  
Railway Traction ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Traction Power

The simulation of railway systems plays a key role in designing the traction power supply network, managing the train operation, and making changes to timetables. Various simulation technologies have been developed to study the railway traction power network and train operation independently. However, the interactions between the load performance, train operation, and fault conditions are not fully understood. This paper proposes a mathematical modeling method to simulate the railway traction power network with a consideration of a multi-train operation, driving controls, under-voltage traction, and substation fault modes. The network voltage, power load demands, and energy consumption according to the existing operation are studied. The hotspots of the power supply network are identified based on an evaluation of the train operation and power demand. The impact of traction power substation (TPSS) outage and a short circuit on the power supply network have been simulated and analyzed. The simulation results have been analyzed and compared with those of a normal operation. A case study based on a practical metro line in Singapore is developed to illustrate the power network evaluation performance.

scholarly journals An Integration of Train Timetabling, Platforming and Routing-Based Cooperative Adjustment Methodology for Dealing with Train Delay

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (07) ◽  
pp. 901-919
Author(s):  
Yinggui Zhang ◽  
Zengru Chen ◽  
Min An ◽  
Aliyu Mani Umar
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Train Timetabling ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Train Operation Adjustment ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Train delay is a serious issue that can spread rapidly in the railway network leading to further delay of other trains and detention of passengers in stations. However, the current practice in the event of the trail delay usually depends on train dispatcher’s experience, which cannot manage train operation effectively and may have safety risks. The application of intelligent railway monitor and control system can improve train operation management while increasing railway safety. This paper presents a methodology in which train timetabling, platforming and routing models are combined by studying the real-time adjustment and optimization of high-speed railway in the case of the train delay in order to produce a cooperative adjustment algorithm so that the train operation adjustment plan can be obtained. MATLAB computer programs have been developed based on the proposed methodology and adjustment criteria have been established from knowledge data bases in order to calculate optimized solutions. A case study is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology. The results show that the proposed method can quickly adjust the train operation plan in the case of the train delay, restore the normal train operation order, and reduce the impact of train delay on railway network effectively and efficiently.

scholarly journals An Optimization Method for Operation Adjustment of High-Speed Delayed Trains

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Li ◽  
Yueying Huo ◽  
Zhenying Yan ◽  
Baoming Han
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Approximate Model ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Adjustment Strategies

Train delays have a great impact on the schedule of high-speed railways including overall efficiency and the quality of the travel service of the passengers. Therefore, the development of an approach to recover a schedule via timely and rapid operation adjustments must be investigated. In this paper, a complete final real-time adjustment scheme is proposed for the train dispatcher of a railway enterprise for delayed trains. A train operation process model based on the Max-Plus algebra method is proposed. Six operation adjustment strategies are analyzed including section acceleration, operation based on the original timetable, dwell time reduction, increase in overtaking, reduction in overtaking, and train postponement. An approximate model is then built based on the minimum number of delayed trains considering the constraints of the adjustment strategies and the feasible adjusted schemes can be quickly obtained without any record specific time data and constraints. The set of feasible solutions of the approximate model is then regarded as the importation of the second model. In addition, the second model is an optimization model for operation adjustment with the least average delay time of each train at each station by updating the state matrixes of the train operation process model. The algorithms are designed for these models, and this approach can reduce the computation time. Finally, the timetable of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is considered as the actual case for analysis. Thus, the method was proven feasible for operation adjustment of delayed trains.

Impact of PV and Battery Storage on the Power Supply Reliability

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 2958-2961
Author(s):  
Hong Liu ◽  
Long Wang ◽  
Sai Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Battery Storage ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Optimal Capacity ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Supply Reliability

The impact of PV and Battery storage system on the power supply reliability of distribution network is great. Firstly, the assumptions of the battery storage operating strategy are given, and four typical evaluation indexes are presented. Then, the impacts of different PV peak active power, different battery capacity and PV & Battery Storage on the power supply reliability are discussed. Finally, the impacts of PV, Battery and PV & Battery on the power supply reliability of distribution network are compared and analyzed. These results are provided as references for the optimal capacity configuration of PV & Battery.

scholarly journals Uml based test cases generation for the centralised control system of high speed maglev

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3 suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 234-245
Author(s):  
Lun Zhang ◽  
Wenwen Zhao ◽  
Xiyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Unified Modeling Language ◽  
State Diagram ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Test Quality ◽  
Activity Diagram ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Train Operation

Background: The high speed maglev centralized control subsystem (CCS), which realizes the display, automatic train operation (ATO) and diagnose. The CCS is an important security assurance for train operation. System testing (ST) can detect design defects early and performed effective repair to improve the efficiency of the system’ on-site coordinated operation. Therefore, the quality of test cases directly determines the achievements and efficiency of CCS, and it is necessary to be tested before put it into use. Aim: The generation of test case of centralized control subsystem is proposed. Methods: In order to meet the requirements of the system, the first step is operating the extraction of functional features.  Then, the unified modeling language is using to develop the test model in this paper. Then the corresponding unified modeling language models, use case diagram, state diagram, activity diagram and sequence diagram, are developed. The state diagram of operation process is using to describe the state transition during the period from initial state of the OTS to the completion of the operation. The activity diagram of train operation process focuses on the control relationship during the period from one activity to another, which can describe the interaction exactly between OTS, DCS and VCS. The sequence diagram, behavior of use case, focuses on the sequence of information sent by objectives, in which a group of objectives and information transfer are presented. And according to these models, the test cases of the specified case are generated. Results: The generated test cases are all executed in the developed lab-test system. The results show that the generated test cases can fully simulate the common situations of the operation scene, and effectively improve the test efficiency and test quality. We designed the experiments as followings: 85 test cases for terminal system design of operator, 68 test cases for train automatic operation design, 31 test cases for central diagnostic system design. All of the designed test cases are examined through the test platform, covering all main scenes in operation process. The errors or detects found in tests are solved by finding the reasons and modifying the code, etc. Finally, the pass rate of the method proposed in this paper is 100 %.  Conclusion: The UML based method of test case generation implements the generation process and achieves the test cases and verification for CCS. Through the test practice, test cases designed can fully simulate all kinds of common situations in the operation site. What’s more, the test cases also realize early detection of errors and defects in the system and repair them. It is useful to improve the efficiency on-site testing process, to reduce the cost of time and test quality. The method can provide theoretical basis and reference for further testing of high speed maglev CCS.

scholarly journals Variability of Gravel Pavement Roughness: An Analysis of the Impact on Vehicle Dynamic Response and Driving Comfort

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7582
Author(s):  
Vidas Žuraulis ◽  
Henrikas Sivilevičius ◽  
Eldar Šabanovič ◽  
Valentin Ivanov ◽  
Viktor Skrickij
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Vehicle Dynamic ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
The Impact

Gravel pavement has lower construction costs but poorer performance than asphalt surfaces on roads. It also emits dust and deforms under the impact of vehicle loads and ambient air factors; the resulting ripples and ruts constantly deepen, and therefore increase vehicle vibrations and fuel consumption, and reduce safe driving speed and comfort. In this study, existing pavement quality evaluation indexes are analysed, and a methodology for adapting them for roads with gravel pavement is proposed. We report the measured wave depth and length of gravel pavement profile using the straightedge method on a 160 m long road section at three stages of road utilization. The measured pavement elevation was processed according to ISO 8608, and the frequency response of a vehicle was investigated using simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. The international roughness index (IRI) analysis showed that a speed of 30–45 km/h instead of 80 km/h provided the objective results of the IRI calculation on the flexible pavement due to the decreasing velocity of a vehicle’s unsprung mass on a more deteriorated road pavement state. The influence of the corrugation phenomenon of gravel pavement was explored, identifying specific driving safety and comfort cases. Finally, an increase in the dynamic load coefficient (DLC) at a low speed of 30 km/h on the most deteriorated pavement and a high speed of 90 km/h on the middle-quality pavement demonstrated the demand for timely gravel pavement maintenance and the complicated prediction of a safe driving speed for drivers. The main relevant objectives of this study are the adaptation of a road roughness indicator to gravel pavement, including the evaluation of vehicle dynamic responses at different speeds and pavement deterioration states.

scholarly journals Variability of Gravel Pavement Roughness: Analysis of the Impact on Vehicle Response and Driving Comfort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidas Žuraulis ◽  
Henrikas Sivilevičius ◽  
Eldar Šabanovič ◽  
Valentin Ivanov ◽  
Viktor Skrickij
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Roughness Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The gravel road pavement has a lower construction cost but poorer performance than the asphalt surface. It also emits dust and deforms under the impact of vehicle loads and ambient air factors. The resulting ripples and ruts are constantly deepening, increasing vehicle vibrations and fuel consumption, reducing safe driving speed and comfort. In this article, existing pavement quality evaluation indexes are analysed, and a methodology for their adaptation for roads with gravel pavement is proposed. This article reports the measured wave depth and length of the gravel pavement profile by the straightedge method of a 160 m long road section in three road exploitation stages. The measured pavement elevation was processed according to ISO 8608, and vehicle frequency response has been investigated using simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. The applied International Roughness Index (IRI) analysis showed that a speed of 30-45 km/h instead of 80 km/h provides the objective results of IRI calculation on the flexible pavement due to a decreasing velocity of vehicle's unsprung mass on a more deteriorated road pavement state. The influence of the corrugation phenomenon of gravel pavement has been explored, identifying specific driving safety and comfort cases. Finally, an increase in the Dynamic Load Coefficient (DLC) at a low speed of 30 km/h on the most deteriorated pavement and a high speed of 90 km/h on the middle-quality pavement demonstrates the demand for timely gravel pavement maintenance and the complicated prediction of a safe driving speed for drivers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document