scholarly journals A collaborative research project on evidence-based and eco-effective design

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardelle M. Shepley ◽  
Mara Baum ◽  
Bill Rostenberg
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
University Researcher ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Narrative Response ◽  
Effective Design

The primary purpose of this study was to provide information regarding the design of healthcare facilities in the context of two important considerations, evidence-based design (EBD) andeco-effective design (EED). The secondary purpose was to test the effectiveness of research involving collaboration between practitioners and academic researchers, and the collaboration between EBD and EED professionals. The research team included designers and staff from a firm specializing in EBD andEED and a university researcher. Methods employed included focus groups, snowball surveys, and questionnaires. Practitioner focus groups specializing in EBD and EED identified critical questions that were translated into a 22-question, Likert and narrative-response survey. EBD and EED experts, via asnowball survey, selected the best practice institutions that would be the most appropriate recipients of a questionnaire that would address the role of EBD and EED. Administrators, representing theseinstitutions, participated in the survey. This study is significant in that it demonstrates that in spite of prior perceptions that EBD and EED are in conflict with one another, administrators perceived the twoas being fundamentally compatible. This conclusion is useful to designers and facility administrators by freeing them to incorporate both of these critical approaches in the design of new facilities. Observations are made regarding the collaborative process between practitioners and researchers.

scholarly journals THE ROAD TO ACCEPTANCE OF DRIVER RETIREMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA: PHYSICIANS’ AND PATIENTS’ PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S117-S117
Author(s):  
Theresa L Scott ◽  
Jacki Liddle ◽  
Nancy A Pachana ◽  
Elizabeth Beattie ◽  
Geoffrey Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Current System ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Abstract People living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) must eventually stop driving. While some will voluntarily retire, many others will continue to drive until a crisis. In Australia, like many other countries, general physicians/practitioners (“GPs”) play a key role in monitoring driving safety and driver retirement with their patients with ADRD. Advising patients about driving cessation is one of the most challenging aspects of clinical dementia care, complicated by limited time in consultations, lack of patient awareness and insight, and objective screening and assessment measures. We examined how to support best practice in relation to management of driving cessation with patients with ADRD through focus groups with 29 GPs and contrasted their perspectives with those of 11 retired drivers with ADRD. Focus groups and interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Themes discovered highlighted the importance of providing education about the effects of dementia on safe driving and incorporating regular assessment of driving safety into the care continuum. Key strategies that GPs successfully employed included acknowledging loss and encouraging continued community engagement, providing referral pathways, and deferring to other GPs within the practice in challenging circumstances. In conclusion, there is demand for an overhaul of the current system of management and a need to establish nationally aligned, standardized and evidence-based guidelines, in particular relating to assessment of safe driving. In the meantime, we can learn from these GPs who have implemented particular strategies that mitigate some of the challenges and complex driving related issues that present in primary care.

Methodological, Theoretical, Infrastructural, and Design Issues in Conducting Good Outcome Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Kelly ◽  
Tessa A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Outcome Studies ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Causal Pathways ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
Based Medicine

This article outlines a set of methodological, theoretical, and other issues relating to the conduct of good outcome studies. The article begins by considering the contribution of evidence-based medicine to the methodology of outcome research. The lessons which can be applied in outcome studies in nonmedical settings are described. The article then examines the role of causal pathways between interventions and outcomes and especially the importance of delineating them in advance of undertaking investigations. The development of designs based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with fully articulated causal pathways is described. Ways of supplementing RCTs with methods to highlight elements in the causal pathway in outcome studies are indicated. The importance of adhering to best practice in reporting and analysis is also noted.

Intelligence and Cognitive Abilities at Work

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Intelligence Testing ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Differences

Few areas of psychology attract as much discussion and debate as the topic of intelligence, more particularly, the use of intelligence tests in selection at work. More academic researchers have been attacked, hounded, sacked, and vilified for what they have written about intelligence than about any other topic. There is also still considerable debate about the role of intelligence testing in the educational settings. However, the science and the practice of intelligence testing remain far apart because of the history of misunderstanding, misapplications, and political differences. It remains difficult, even with supposedly disinterested scientists, to have an evidence-based debate about the origin of individual differences in intelligence, the measurement of intelligence, and the application of tests in commercial and educational settings.

How Can Embedded Criminologists, Police Pracademics, and Crime Analysts Help Increase Police-Led Program Evaluations? A Survey of Authors Cited in the Evidence-Based Policing Matrix1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric L Piza ◽  
Jason Szkola ◽  
Kwan-Lamar Blount-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Program Evaluations ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Evidence Based Policing ◽  
Effective Programs

Abstract Evidence-based policing emphasizes the evaluation of interventions to create a catalogue of effective programs and practices. Program evaluation has primarily been considered the purview of academic researchers, with police agencies typically uninvolved in the evaluation of their own interventions. Scholars have recently advocated for police to take more ownership over program evaluation, often arguing for an increased role of three primary entities: embedded criminologists, police pracademics, and crime analysts. While an emerging body of literature has explored these entities individually, research has yet to explore the unique contributions each can make to police-led science. The current study is a survey of scholars who authored or co-authored one or more studies included in the evidence-based policing matrix. The authors explore four distinct research questions pertaining to police-led science. Findings suggest that embedded criminologists, police pracademics, and crime analysts may each have a unique role to play in promoting police-led science.

scholarly journals Establishing and Sustaining a Culture of Evidence-Based Practice: An Evaluation of Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing the Best Practice Spotlight Organization Program in the Australian Healthcare Context

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Sharplin ◽  
Pam Adelson ◽  
Kate Kennedy ◽  
Nicola Williams ◽  
Roslyn Hewlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Evaluation ◽  
Healthcare Settings

Background: Nurses and midwives are central to the implementation and delivery of quality care through evidence-based practice (EBP). However, implementation of EBP in nursing and midwifery is under-researched with few examples of systematic and sustained change. The Registered Nurses Association of Ontario’s Best-Practice Spotlight Organization (BPSO) Program was adopted in South Australia as a framework to systematically implement EBP in two diverse and complex healthcare settings. Methods: The study was a post-implementation, mixed-method evaluation conducted at two healthcare settings in Adelaide, South Australia utilizing qualitative and quantitative data. Proctor’s implementation evaluation framework guided the evaluation design. Information sources included; interviews, focus groups, questionnaires, and document review. Results: Clinical and executive staff (n = 109 participants) from a broad range of stakeholder groups participated in the interviews, focus groups, and returned questionnaires. A number of facilitators directly affecting program implementation were identified; these pertained to embedding continuity into the program’s implementation and delivery, a robust governance structure, and executive sponsorship. Barriers to implementation were also identified. These barriers pertained to organizational or workforce challenges; staff turnover and movement (e.g., secondment), insufficient staff to allow people to attend training, and a lack of organizational commitment to the program, especially at an executive level. As a result of successful implementation, it was observed that over three years, the BPSO program positively influenced the uptake and implementation of EBP by clinicians and the organizations into which they were introduced. Conclusions: The BPSO model can be translocated to new healthcare systems and has the potential to act as a mechanism for establishing and sustaining EBP change. This study was the first to apply an implementation evaluation framework to the BPSO program, which allowed for structured analysis of facilitating or impeding factors that affected implementation success. The findings have important implications for other health systems looking to translocate the same or similar EBP programs, as well as contributing to the growing body of implementation evaluation literature.

scholarly journals Editorial for Applied Practices: Perspectives from the Field

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-192
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
School Psychologist ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
School Counsellor ◽  
Active Implementation

I am delighted to introduce the two papers in our Applied Practices’ section of the journal, which are part of this special issue on disability. Both emphasise the critical role of the school counsellor/school psychologist in the active implementation of best practice assessments and evidence based interventions.

Healthcare Facilities Settings: An overview of Environmentally-induced Stress on Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Yu-Tian ◽  
Choong Weng-Wai ◽  
Mohd. Tajudin Hj. Ninggal
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Design Behaviour

The role of FM practitioners is to create an environment that sustains the primary objectives of the organisation. In managing healthcare facilities, the aim is to serve the healthcare users with efficient and quality medical environments in order to enhance the healing process. However, dysfunction that exists in environmental design is one of the issues often faced by the healthcare FM practitioners these days. Psychological stress is viewed as a consequence of design-behaviour dysfunction when the existing environmental design can no longer fit the need of users. With the possibility of certain environmental features to act as the sources of stressors, it is vital for FM practitioners to discover those features from the surrounding environment that appear to be harmful to the healthcare users. This paper provides an overview of the effect of the surrounding environment on stress. The association between environmentally induced-stress and the impacts of health is further discussed. Lastly, the application of evidence-based practice (EBP) is suggested in order to further the understanding for the association and intervention between environmental stressors and clinical outcomes. 

Meeting the Best Practice for Hearing Aid Verification in Children: Challenges and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Fitting Hearing Aids

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.

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