Extraction and characterization of liver oil from silky shark (Charcharinus falciformis)

Silky shark liver was 10-15% of its body mass and 50% of oil is contained in the liver. The aimed of this study was to determine heavy metal content, fatty acid profile on raw material, extraction of its oil, and parameter of oxidation. The method of heavy metal test stated on the SNI and fatty acid analysis referred to AOAC. The extraction was oven methode at 50, 60, 70, and 80°C in 8 hours. Cadmium (Cd) as the highest heavy metal content with 0.88±0.01 ppm, SFA was 18.46% composed by palmitic acid dominantly (12.59%). The MUFA was 24.54 % with the highest oleic acid (17.86%). PUFA was 19.11 % that consist of DHA (14.35%) as the most abundantly present while EPA was 1.50%. Shark liver oil which was extracted at 50°C had the highest yield (24.47%). The oxidation of silky shark liver oil extraction indicated the best treatment at 50°C with peroxide value (PV), p-Anisidine value (p-AV), percentage of free fatty acid (% FFA), acid value (AV), and total oxidation (TOTOX) were 7.26±1.27 mEq/kg, 16.79±0.28 mEq/kg, 5.47±0.12%, 10.88±0.25 mg KOH/kg, and 31.31±2.26 mEq/kg respectively.

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NETRALISASI MINYAK HATI IKAN CUCUT PISANG (Charcarinus falciformis) MENGGUNAKAN NaOH

JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS ◽

10.35308/jpt.v3i2.44 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nabila Ukhty ◽

Anhar Rozi

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Metal Content ◽

Acid Value ◽

Fatty Acid Analysis ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Total Oxidation ◽

Shark Liver Oil ◽

Silky Shark ◽

Total Fish

The shark has a yield by-product from its liver up to 20% of its body weight, 50% of the total fish oil found on the liver. The aimed of this study was to determine heavy metal content, fatty acid profilel, and parameter of oxidation after neutralization. The method of heavy metal test for silky shark oil stated on the SNI and fatty acid analysis referred to AOAC. Neutralization used NaOH 18°Be temperature (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80°C). The result of oil neutralization with NaOH had heavy metal content meet to IFOS (0.1 ppm), fatty acid of SFA was 19.58% , MUFA was 19.26 %, and PUFA was 41.58 %. The oxidation result of silky shark liver oil neutralization indicated the best treatment at 50°C with peroxide value (PV), p-Anisidine value (p-AV), percentage of free fatty acid (% FFA), acid value (AV), and total oxidation (TOTOX) were 72,49±0,27 mEq/kg, 8,57±0,46 mEq/kg, 0,28±0,00%, 0,56±0,00 mg KOH/kg, 13,57±1,01 mEq/kg respectively.

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Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Content in Dust From the Lime Plant and the Cement Plant in Opole Voivodeship

Archives of Environmental Protection ◽

10.2478/v10265-012-0019-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 71-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Beata Gołuchowska ◽

Zygmunt Strzyszcz ◽

Grzegorz Kusza

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Magnetic Susceptibility ◽

Metal Content ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Specific Conductivity ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Cement Plant ◽

Basic Reaction ◽

Lime Production

Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Content in Dust From the Lime Plant and the Cement Plant in Opole Voivodeship Until now, dust arising from lime manufacture has been considered harmless to the environment so it has been investigated marginally from the standpoint of environmental protection, especially when it came to magnetic properties and heavy metal content. The aim of the research was filling the gap in this area. The research comprised measurements of magnetic susceptibility, the content of heavy metals, reaction (pH) and specific conductivity of lime dust and also raw material and fuel used for lime production. The samples were taken from one of the lime plants located in Opole Province. Similar investigations were also performed for dust taken from the nearby cement plant using dry method of cement production. It was proven that magnetic susceptibility, heavy metal content and conductivity of lime dust was lower in comparison to cement dust, which resulted from the fact that the lime plant used neither low raw materials nor additives. Due to the high atmosphere dust level in the vicinity of the investigated plants, extremely basic reaction of the tested dust and high content of metals, the studied dust cause alkalization of soils and contribute to the increase of heavy metal content in soils, posing a threat to the environment.

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Proximate, Fatty Acid Profile and Heavy Metal Content of Selected By-Catch Fish Species from Muara Angke, Indonesia

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.3923/pjn.2014.480.485 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 480-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Septina Mugi Rahay ◽

Sugeng Heri Susen ◽

Bustami Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Profile ◽

Fish Species ◽

Metal Content ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

By Catch

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COMPOSITION OF FATTY ACIDS AND METAL CONTAINERS LAMPY RAW MATERIALS (Bellamya javanica)

Fish Scientiae ◽

10.20527/fs.v1i1.4181 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

Iin Khusnul Khotimah ◽

Nooryantini Soetikno

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Metal Content ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Soy Sauce ◽

Enzyme Treatment ◽

Volatile Components

The purpose of this research is to know the fatty acid composition and heavy metal content of soy sauce snail (Bellamya javanica), which is fermented for seven days with addition of 1.5% bromelin enzyme and papain1% enzyme. The fatty acid composition of soy sauce was analyzed by Chromatography Gas and heavy metal content (Cu and Pb) using AAS. The results showed that the fatty acid component as one of the volatile components in soybean snacks was identified by 8 types of fatty acids, namely caprylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and dominated by the components of palmiic acid and stearic acid. The soybean snail sauce with a combination of bromelin enzyme treatment of 1.5% and 1% fermented papain enzyme for seven days showed negative contaminated Cu, but positively polluted by Pb 2,285 ppm.

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Study of Physicochemical Characteristics of Kaolin from Belitung Regency

Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology ◽

10.24198/ijpst.v7i2.25675 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Nurul Izzah Pasi ◽

Marline Abdassah Bratadireja ◽

Anis Yohana Chaerunnisa

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Particle Size ◽

Metal Content ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Test Results ◽

High Brightness

Kaolin is one of the abundant clay minerals on earth which has been widely used in various industries. kaolin as a raw material in drugs manufacturing must comply several requirements in Pharmacopoeia such as not exceeding the heavy metal content limits. In this study the analysis of heavy metal content (Pb, Sn, and As) was carried out on natural kaolin obtained from 3 different locations in Belitung regency. Testing of the brightness and particle size is also carried out to increase the value of kaolin as a pharmaceutical excipient. The highest recovery from kaolin was obtained in sample 3 which was 67.78%, while kaolin 1 and 2 which was 66.54, and 64.20%. Based on the results of heavy metal testing it is known that kaolin 1, 2, and 3 have a Pb content of 55.2, 0.0458 and 44.0 ppm, and As content of 1.05, 78.3, and 0.761 ppm. Whereas the Sn mean metal is only found in kaolin 2 which is 0.0034. White degree test results show that kaolin 1, 2 and 3 have a high brightness, namely 92.94%, 93.00%, 91.16%. From the results of particle size testing shows that all kaolin samples have size <2 μm.Keywords: Characterization of Minerals, Heavy Metals, Kaolin

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Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract

ICONIET PROCEEDING ◽

10.33555/iconiet.v2i2.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 91-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jimmy Jimmy ◽

Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽

Paulus Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Pharmacological Activity ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Metal Content ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

High Light Intensity ◽

Milling Process ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Solvent Ratio ◽

Negative Impacts

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.

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