THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS TO MOLLUSCS DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN NATURAL AND REHABILITATED MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM

Mangrove ecosystem is a habitat of Molluscs (Gastropoda and Bivalvia). This ecosystem is always influenced by environmental factors. This study aims to determine the influence of environmental factors on the distribution patterns Molluscs of natural mangrove ecosystems in Pannikiang Island, Barru Regency and rehabilitation mangrove ecosystem in Tongke-tongke village, Sinjai regency. This research uses the quantitative method. Environmental factors measured were temperature and salinity of the water, as well as carbon and nitrogen content of sediment. Samples of Molluscs (Gastropoda and Bivalves) and sediments were taken randomly. The observations of the Molluscan community include the composition of Mollusc species (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) and dispersal patterns. Data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the distribution pattern of Molluscs (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) at both sites was not significantly different and the temperature, salinity, carbon, and nitrogen sediments also did not affect the Mollusk distribution pattern in both sites. Ekosistem mangrove merupakan habitat Moluska (Gastropoda dan Bivalvia). Ekosistem ini selalu dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor lingkungan terhadap pola distribusi pada ekosistem mangrove alami di Pulau Pannikiang, Kabupaten Barru dan ekosistem mangrove hasil rehabilitasi di Desa Tongke-tongke, Kabupaten Sinjai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Faktor lingkungan yang diukur adalah suhu dan salinita air, serta kandungan karbon dan nitrogen sedimen. Sampel Moluska (Gastropoda dan Bivalvia) dan sedimen diambil secara acak. Pengamatan komunitas Moluska meliputi komposisi jenis Moluska (Gastropoda dan Bivalvia) dan pola penyebaran. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola distribusi Moluska (Gastropoda dan Bivalvia) pada kedua lokasi tidak berbeda nyata dan suhu, salinitas, karbon, dan nitrogen sedimen juga tidak mempengaruhi pola distribusi Moluska di kedua lokasi penelitian.

GENDER ANALYSIS THE ROLE OF WOMEN AS STIMULATORS ECONOMY OF FISHERIES IN SIDOARJO COASTAL DISTRICT

Coastal women play an important role in supporting the creation of value-added fishery products that become the main work of her husband (Istiqomah, 2015). The role of women in the coastal district of Sidoarjo as the wife of fishermen, the wife of the fishpond owner, and the wife of the fish processor; Proven to be able to move the economy on the coast by processing and adding value to the fishery resources.The purpose of this study is to find out how big the contribution of women to create economic empowerment in coastal district of Sidoarjo from catch fishery sector, aquaculture fishery and processed. The research was conducted in the village of Banjar Kemuning Sedati sub-district, which is the center of catch fishery, in Sawohan village, Buduran sub-district as a center of aquaculture, and Penatar Sewu village, Tanggulangin sub-district as a processed fishery center; During the year 2016 -2017.The research method is terrestris survey by using questionnaire tool. Data were obtained from closed interviews on selected respondents intentionally (purposive sampling) based on information from local fisheries figures. Survey results are analyzed by using shift share method compiled with Ishikawa Effect based on Balanced Score Cards.The results show that women are able to increase income and economic empowerment of theirfamilies. The contribution of women to the increase in family income is very fantastic ranging from42% to 115% compared to if women in the family do not make productive business. The economic participation of women has proven to be able to improve the educational achievement of their children better and wider thinking. Husbands who work well together in terms of productive business wit h his wife can open jobs for others, and have a wide opportunity to develop other productive businesses for husbands during the season there is no fish. Wanita pesisir memegang peran penting dalam mendukung penciptaan nilai tambah hasil perikanan yang menjadi pekerjaan utama suaminya (Istiqomah, 2015). Peranan wanita di pesisir Kabupaten Sidoarjo sebagai istri nelayan, istri pendega tambak, dan istri pengolah ikan; terbukti mampu menggerakkan perekonomian di pesisir dengan mengolah serta memberikan nilai tambah pada sumberdaya perikanan.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi wanita dalam rangka menciptakan keberdayaan ekonomi di pesisir kabupaten Sidoarjo dari sektor perikanan tangkap,perikanan budidaya maupun olahan. Penelitian dilakukan di desa Banjar Kemuning kecamatan Sedati yang merupakan sentra perikanan tangkap, di desa Sawohan kecamatan Buduran sebagai sentra perikanan budidaya, dan desa Penatar Sewu kecamatan Tanggulangin sebagai sentra perikanan olahan; selama tahun 2016 – 2017.Metode penelitian adalah survey terestris dengan menggunakan alat bantu kuesioner. Data diperoleh dari wawancara tertutup terhadap responden yang dipilih dengan sengaja (purposive sampling) berdasarkan informasi tokoh perikanan setempat. Hasil survey dianalisa dengan matrik shift share yang dikompilasikan dengan Ishikawa Effect berbasis Balanced Score Cards.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wanita mampu meningkatkan pendapatan dan keberdayaan ekonomi keluarganya. Sumbangsih wanita terhadap peningkatan pendapatan keluarga sangat fantastis berkisar 42% s/d 115% dibandingkan jika wanita dalam keluarga tidak melakukan usaha produktif. Partisipasi wanita secara ekonomi terbukti mampu meningkatkan capaian taraf pendidikan anak- anaknya lebih baik dan wawasan berfikir yang lebih luas. Suami yang bekerja sama dalam wujud usaha produktif bersama istri dan/atau wanita dalam keluarganya dapat membuka lapangan pekerjaan bagi orang lain, serta berpeluang luas mengembangkan usaha produktif lainnya. Usaha produktif yang dikembangkan istri dan wanita dalam keluarga nelayan di Kabupaten Sidoarjo sangat membantu suami pada saat musim paceklik ikan.

Proximate Composition of Three-Spot Gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus Pall) Crispy Using Instant Flavoring

Three-spot gourami is the most important fish commodity in East Borneo. The fish was only processed into fried salted fish and fermented fish such as wadi and bekasam until right now. The research of three-spot gouramy was only limited to fish salting and drying. One of the fish diversification processed was frying presto product that called fish crispy that has crisp and crunchy chacarteristics so its comfort to consume, adding with instant flavor (cheese, barbeque and sweet spicy) to increase product taste. The research on the fish crispy panelists acceptance with the addition of instant flavor produced the highest color and texture in cheese flavoring while the highest aroma and flavor value was in barbeque flavoring. The proximate composition of the product has not been analyzed. This study aims to learn the proximate composition and calcium of fish crispy using different instant flavoring. The treatment consisted of O (without seasoning), A (15% instant cheese flavoring), B (15% instant barbeque flavoring) and C (15% sweet spicy flavoring). Based on the proximate test, the treatment has a different effect on water, protein, fat and ash content. The B (barbeque) treatment is the best where the highest protein value is 58.24%. Ikan sepat rawa merupakan ikan komoditas penting Kalimantan Selatan namun hasil olahannya di pasaran hanya sebatas produk ikan kering dan hasil fermentasi seperti wadi dan bekasam. Begitu pula dengan pengembangan produk ikan sepat rawa melalui penelitian masih sebatas ikan asin. Salah satu diversifikasi olahan ikan sepat adalah produk presto goreng atau crispy dimana ikan menjadi renyah dan garing sehingga mudah dikonsumsi, ditambah dengan perisa instant (keju, barbeque dan pedas manis) semakin meningkatkan citarasa produk. Penelitian penerimaan panelis terhadap ikan sepat rawa presto goreng dengan penambahan perisa instant menghasilkan warna dan tekstur tertinggi pada perisa keju sedangkan nilai aroma dan rasa tertinggi pada perisa barbeque. Komposisi proksimat produk tersebut belum dianalisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari komposisi proksimat dan kalsium ikan sepat rawa crispy menggunakan jenis perisa instant berbeda. Perlakuan penelitian yaitu O (tanpa bumbu), A (15% perisa instant keju), B (15% perisa instant barbeque) dan C (15% perisa instant pedas manis). Berdasarkan uji proksimat, perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap kadar air, protein, lemak dan abu. Perlakuan B (barbeque) adalah yang terbaik dimana nilai proteinnya tertinggi yaitu 58,24%.

EVALUATION OF THE USE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS FISHERY PRODUCT IN MAKASSAR CITY

This research aims to determine the use of hazardous chemicals in fishery products that are marketed in the city of Makassar. In this study used the Accidental Sampling Technique. Samples are taken from the center of Makassar souvenirs, traditional markets, and modern markets. The fishery products used as samples are crackers, meatballs, and brains. Hazardous chemicals evaluated for use are borax and formalin. The samples were analyzed using a test kit and colorimeter at the BIOCHEME Laboratory (Healthy Food) Department of Chemistry, University of Brawijaya. The results show that fish meatball products marketed in Makassar City do not contain borax, but contain formalin 11.2 - 13.13 ppm. Brain-brain products do not contain borax and do not contain formaldehyde, fish/shrimp crackers marketed in Makassar City do not contain formaldehyde but 33% contain borax with an average, level of 10.39 ppm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan bahan kimia berbahaya pada produk perikanan yang dipasarkan di Kota Makassar.Pada penelitian ini digunakan TeknikAccidental Sampling. Sampel diambil dari pusat oleh-oleh Makassar, pasar tradisional dan pasar modern. Produk perikanan yang dijadikan sampel adalah kerupuk, bakso dan otak-otak. Bahan kimia berbahaya yang dievaluasi penggunaannya adalah boraks dan formalin. Sampel dianalisis menggunakan test kit dan colorimeter di Laboratorium BIOCHAME (Makanan Sehat) Jurusan Kimia Universitas Brawijaya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa, produk bakso ikan yang dipasarkan di Kota Makassar tidak mengandung boraks, tetapi mengandung formalin 11.2 – 13.13 ppm. Produk otak-otak tidak mengandung boraks dan tidak mengandung formalin, kerupuk ikan/udang yang dipasarkan di Kota Makassar tidak mengandung formalin tetapi 33% mengandung boraks dengan kadar rata-rata 10.39 ppm.

THE LEADING PRODUCTS OF HOME INDUSTRY BASED ON MARINE FISHERY IN TANAH LAUT REGENCY SOUTH KALIMANTAN

This study aims to: (1) identify the types of home industry products based on marine fishery, and (2) to determine marine fishery products that can be developed as regional leading products. Four sub-districts of coastal areas of Tanah Laut regency were chosen purposeful as study locations, namely Kurau, Jorong, Panyipatan and Takisung. Primary data collection was conducted through survey and interview to sample of marine fishery product home industry which was taken by simple random sampling. Selection of marine fisheries home industry superior product using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. The result of analysis showed that the home industries in the coastal area of Tanah Laut Regency is dominated by simple technology with the products produced in the form of traditional products, such as salted fish, fish and shrimp crackers, and “amplang” crackers, dried shrimp, shrimp paste, fish floss. The leading product alternatives of marine fisheries home industries in Tanah Laut regency are determined based on the criteria of raw material availability, raw material quality, value added product, technological mastery level, market opportunity, labor absorption, and current industrial product development condition shows that cracker product selected fish as a product that can be seeded with a total value of 0.245, the next shrimp crackers and fish/shrimp floss each with a total value of 0.221 and 0.152. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis produk industri rumah tangga berbasis perikanan laut, dan (2) menentukan olahan perikanan laut yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai produk unggulan daerah. Empat kecamatan wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Tanah Laut dipilih secara sengaja sebagai lokasi studi yaitu Kurau, Jorong, Panyipatan dan Takisung. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui survey dan wawancara terhadap sampel industri rumah tangga hasil perikanan laut yang diambil secara acak sederhana. Pemilihan produk unggulan industri rumah tangga perikanan laut menggunakan teknik Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa industri rumah tangga di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Tanah Laut didominasi industri berteknologi sederhana dengan jenis produk yang dihasilkan berupa produk tradisional, seperti ikan asin, kerupuk ikan, kerupuk udang, udang kering, terasi, amplang dan abon ikan/udang. Alternatif produk unggulan industri rumah tangga hasil perikanan laut Kabupaten Tanah Laut yang ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria ketersediaan bahan baku, mutu bahan baku, nilai tambah produk, tingkat penguasaan teknologi, peluang pasar, serapan tenaga kerja, dan kondisi pengembangan produk industri saat ini menunjukkan bahwa produk kerupuk ikan terpilih sebagai produk yang dapat diunggulkan dengan nilai total 0,245, berikutnya kerupuk udang dan abon ikan masing-masing dengan nilai total 0,221 dan 0,152 .

DIVERSITY OF RED ALGAE (RHODOPHYTA) ON MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM IN EKAS VILLAGES, EAST LOMBOK DISTRICT

Mangrove ecosystem is a unique ecosystem with a mix of marine and terrestrial environment. Mangrove forests provide food and nutrients for other organisms such as fish, crustaceans, and algae. Red algae play an important role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems and food chains. This study aims to determine the types, morphological characteristics and key identification, the relationship of red algae types and substrate types to the ecosystem of mangrove forest in Dusun Ekas. This research is explorative descriptive by using purposive sampling method at 5 stations. Based on the results of the red algae study obtained as many as 14 species are: Bostrychia sp., B. radicans, B. tenella, Chondria sp., Laurencia sp., Polysiphonia sp., Murrayella sp., C. Leprieurii, C. Monostica, Gelidium sp ., Gelidium crinale, Catenella caespitosa, Catenella nippae and Catenella sp. Characteristics of the talus were found to have a cylindrical talus and some like leaves (blade). Red algae (Rhodophyta) found more in the station that dominated by Soneratia alba species. Ekosistem mangrove merupakan ekosistem yang unik dengan perpaduan pengaruh lingkungan laut dan daratan. Hutan mangrove menyediakan sumber makanan dan nutrisi untuk organisme lain seperti ikan, crustacea, dan alga. Alga merah berperan penting menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem dan rantai makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis, ciri morfologi dan kunci identifikasi, hubungan jenis alga merah dan jenis substratnya pada ekosistem hutan mangrove di Dusun Ekas. Penelitin ini bersifat deskriptif eksploratif dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 5 stasiun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian alga merah yang diperoleh sebanyak 14 spesies yaitu: Bostrychia sp., B. radicans, B. tenella, Chondria sp., Laurencia sp., Polysiphonia sp., Murrayella sp., C. Leprieurii, C. Monostica, Gelidium sp., Gelidium crinale, Catenella caespitosa, Catenella nippae dan Catenella sp. Karakteristik talus yang ditemukan ada yang memiliki talus silindris dan ada yang seperti daun (blade). Alga merah (Rhodophyta) yang ditemukan lebih banyak pada stasiun yang memiliki mangrove jenis Soneratia alba.

ROLLING OF TROLLING LINER ON SINJAI REGENCY

Trolling liner was a dominance used by fishermans in Sinjai Regency was made by traditional without planning before, so stability and seakeeping ability about sea condition was unknown. The research aimed to analyze the rolling motion of trolling liner in regular condition of beam seas. The research was a case study of trolling liner used by the fisherman in Sinjai.Geometry measurement vessel formwas done to get a model of trolling liner and then make a redesign as a comparedand thenmake a simulation using program Maxsurf v8.i.the result showed that the sample have a good stability. Higher rollingwas 18,168 onhigh wave -0,1971 m and lowerrollingwas -18,168 on high wave 0,1971 m,while theredesignshowed higherrollingwas 14,102 on high wave -0,1970 m and lowerrollingwas -14,102 on high wave 0.1968 m.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIGHT USING ON FISHING ACTIVITY IN THE WATERS OF MARTAPURA

This study aims to find out the comparison of constant use of lights and flashing lights in fishing activities by means of fishing gear done in Martapura swamp waters, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province. From the results obtained in the results obtained that the fish like a constant light more in the likes of fish in comparison to the type of flashing lights.

ANALYSIS OF MARINE TOURISM POTENTIAL IN THE KERAYAAN ISLAND OF KOTABARU REGENCY

This study aims to identify and develop the potential of marine tourism in the Kerayaan Island. Data analysis is done with based on the validity of data obtained from the field observations which then processed and discussed in a descriptive. The results show the potential of coral reefs as marine tourism on the island is quite extensive and is categorized as still good with the biodiversity of reef fish and marine life high. Physical-chemical conditions of the waters are still good and according to the criteria of quality standards for marine tourism and supported its presence among the Makassar Strait and the Java Sea as well as a Coral Triangle World (Coral Triangle). With such a location, coral reef ecosystems and their biota have very close bioecological connectivity with other areas, especially other islands.

CHANGE OF MANGROVE DENSITY BASED ON LANDSAT IMAGE CHARACTERISTIC IN COASTAL OF TANAH LAUT REGENCY

Monitoring of mangrove vegetation in the long-time vulnerable is needed to determine its conversion as the first step of mangrove management. The purpose of this study mapped the spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation and discribed the change of mangrove vegetation area in the coastal area of Tanah Laut Regency for 12 years. The method was used remote sensing and method field obeservation. The mangrove density of 2003 is dominated by medium density and by 2015 is dominated by dense density. The area of mangrove density rarely increased by 375.87 ha. The area of density is decreasing the area of 1.454,16 ha. Density of density increased by 1,639.77 ha.