Seismic Surveillance and Earthquake Monitoring in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1659-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Margheriti ◽  
Concetta Nostro ◽  
Ornella Cocina ◽  
Mario Castellano ◽  
Milena Moretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Motion ◽  
Tsunami Warning ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Moment Tensors ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Earthquake Detection ◽  
Earthquake Monitoring ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Network Operations ◽  
Warning Services

Abstract The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an Italian research institution with focus on earth sciences. Moreover, the INGV is the operational center for seismic surveillance and earthquake monitoring in Italy and is a part of the civil protection system as a center of expertise on seismic, volcanic, and tsunami risks.INGV operates the Italian National Seismic Network and other networks at national scale and is a primary node of the European Integrated Data Archive for archiving and distributing strong-motion and weak-motion seismic recordings. In the control room in Rome, INGV staff performs seismic surveillance and tsunami warning services; in Catania and Naples, the control rooms are devoted to volcanic surveillance. Volcano monitoring includes locating earthquakes in the regions around the Sicilian (Etna, Eolian Islands, and Pantelleria) and the Campanian (Vesuvius, Campi Fregrei, and Ischia) active volcanoes. The tsunami warning is based on earthquake location and magnitude (M) evaluation for moderate to large events in the Mediterranean region and also around the world. The technologists of the institute tuned the data acquisition system to accomplish, in near real time, automatic earthquake detection, hypocenter and magnitude determination, and evaluation of several seismological products (e.g., moment tensors and ShakeMaps). Database archiving of all parametric results is closely linked to the existing procedures of the INGV seismic surveillance environment and surveillance procedures. Earthquake information is routinely revised by the analysts of the Italian seismic bulletin. INGV provides earthquake information to the Department of Civil Protection (Dipartimento di Protezione Civile) to the scientific community and to the public through the web and social media. We aim at illustrating different aspects of earthquake monitoring at INGV: (1) network operations; (2) organizational structure and the hardware and software used; and (3) communication, including recent developments and planned improvements.

scholarly journals The Italian National Seismic Network and the earthquake and tsunami monitoring and surveillance systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Michelini ◽  
Lucia Margheriti ◽  
Marco Cattaneo ◽  
Gianpaolo Cecere ◽  
Giuseppe D'Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Tsunami Warning System ◽  
Moment Tensors ◽  
The North

Abstract. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an Italian research institution, with focus on Earth Sciences. INGV runs the Italian National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN) and other networks at national scale for monitoring earthquakes and tsunami as a part of the National Civil Protection System coordinated by the Italian Department of Civil Protection (Dipartimento di Protezione Civile, DPC). RSN is composed of about 400 stations, mainly broadband, installed in the Country and in the surrounding regions; about 110 stations feature also co-located strong motion instruments, and about 180 have GPS receivers and belong to the National GPS network (Rete Integrata Nazionale GPS, RING). The data acquisition system was designed to accomplish, in near-real-time, automatic earthquake detection, hypocenter and magnitude determination, moment tensors, shake maps and other products of interest for DPC. Database archiving of all parametric results are closely linked to the existing procedures of the INGV seismic monitoring environment and surveillance procedures. INGV is one of the primary nodes of ORFEUS (Observatories & Research Facilities for European Seismology) EIDA (European Integrated Data Archive) for the archiving and distribution of continuous, quality checked seismic data. The strong motion network data are archived and distributed both in EIDA and in event based archives; GPS data, from the RING network are also archived, analyzed and distributed at INGV. Overall, the Italian earthquake surveillance service provides, in quasi real-time, hypocenter parameters to the DPC. These are then revised routinely by the analysts of the Italian Seismic Bulletin (Bollettino Sismico Italiano, BSI). The results are published on the web, these are available to both the scientific community and the general public. The INGV surveillance includes a pre-operational tsunami alert service since INGV is one of the Tsunami Service providers of the North-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Tsunami warning System (NEAMTWS).

scholarly journals What can we learn from the January 2012 northern Italy earthquakes?

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Massa ◽  
Gabriele Ameri ◽  
Sara Lovati ◽  
Rodolfo Puglia ◽  
Gianlorenzo Franceschina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Motion ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Po Plain ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Horizontal Acceleration ◽  
Magnitude Range ◽  
Seismic Hazard Map ◽  
Maximum Horizontal Acceleration

<p>This note focuses on the ground motion recorded during the recent moderate earthquakes that occurred in the central part of northern Italy (Panel 1), a region that is characterized by low seismicity. For this area, the Italian seismic hazard map [Stucchi et al. 2011] assigns a maximum horizontal acceleration (rock site) of up to 0.2 g (10% probability of being exceeded in 50 yr). In the last 4 yr, this region has been struck by 9 earthquakes in the magnitude range 4 <span>≤</span>M<span>w </span><span>≤</span> 5.0, with the three largest located in the Northern Apennines (the M<span>w </span>4.9 and 5.0 Parma events, in December 2008 and January 2012) and on the Po Plain (the M<span>w </span>4.9 Reggio Emila event, in January 2012). We have analyzed the strong-motion data (distance &lt;300 km) from these events as recorded by stations belonging to the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (RAIS, http://rais.mi.ingv.it; RSNC, http://iside.rm.ingv.it) and the Department of Civil Protection (RAN, www.protezionecivile.it; http://itaca.mi.ingv.it). […]</p>

scholarly journals Twitter earthquake detection: earthquake monitoring in a social world

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. ◽  
Daniel C. ◽  
Michelle Guy
Keyword(s):  
Social World ◽  
Earthquake Detection ◽  
Earthquake Monitoring

Recent developments in strong-motion analysis*

1955 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hershberger
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Geodetic Survey ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Engineering Significance ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Displacement Information

Abstract The integration of acceleration records as performed by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey to produce velocity and displacement curves has nearly always required the use of arbitrary “adjustments,” in addition to the three legitimate adjustments involved in fixing the two constants of integration and the acceleration axis. These additional adjustments were justified on the assumption of accelerometer zero shifts. An improved accelerometer eliminated the possibility of zero shifts, thereby preventing the continued use of the former adjustments. Since then acceptable integration results have not been obtainable, except only for short periods of ground motion. The Carder displacement meter has thoroughly proved its superiority over integration as a means for obtaining displacement information of general engineering significance, and is being increasingly used for this purpose.

Real-time seismology at UC Berkeley: The Rapid Earthquake Data Integration project

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 936-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lind S. Gee ◽  
Douglas S. Neuhauser ◽  
Douglas S. Dreger ◽  
Michael E. Pasyanos ◽  
Robert A. Uhrhammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Earthquake Parameters ◽  
Moment Tensors ◽  
Automatic Information ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Earthquake Data

Abstract The Rapid Earthquake Data Integration project is a system for the fast determination of earthquake parameters in northern and central California based on data from the Berkeley Digital Seismic Network and the USGS Northern California Seismic Network. Program development started in 1993, and a prototype system began providing automatic information on earthquake location and magnitude in November of 1993 via commercial pagers and the Internet. Recent enhancements include the exchange of phase data with neighboring networks and the inauguration of processing for the determination of strong-motion parameters and seismic moment tensors.

scholarly journals Impact of hurricanes Irma and Maria on the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center initial tsunami warning capability for the Caribbean region

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1865-1880
Author(s):  
Victor Sardina ◽  
David Walsh ◽  
Kanoa Koyanagi ◽  
Stuart Weinstein ◽  
Nathan Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Tsunami Warning ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Earthquake Detection ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In September 2017, hurricanes Irma and Maria wreaked havoc across the Caribbean region. While obliterating the infrastructure in the Caribbean nations found along their path, both hurricanes gradually destroyed the existing seismic networks. We quantified the impact of the hurricanes on the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) initial tsunami warning capability for the Caribbean region relying on the computation of theoretical earthquake detection and response times after accounting for hurricane-related station outages. The results show that the hurricanes rendered 38 % of the 146 stations available in the Caribbean inoperative. Within the eastern Caribbean region monitored by PTWC the hurricanes exacerbated outages to an astonishing 82 % of the available 76 seismic stations. Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Lesser Antilles suffered the brunt of both hurricanes, and their seismic networks nearly disappeared. The double punch delivered by two successive category 5 hurricanes added up to 02:43 and 04:33 min to the earthquake detection and response times, effectively knocking out PTWC's local tsunami warning capabilities in the region. Emergency adjustments, including the temporary reduction of the number of stations required for earthquake detection and ML magnitude release, enabled a faster response to earthquakes in the region than otherwise possible in the aftermath of hurricanes Irma and Maria.

Imaging the Samos 2020 Mw7.0 earthquake rupture by backprojecting local strong-motion recordings and relocating the aftershock sequence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Fountoulakis ◽  
Christos P. Evangelidis ◽  
Olga-Joan Ktenidou
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Aftershock Sequence ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
Moment Tensors ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Frequency Radiation ◽  
High Frequency Radiation

&lt;p&gt;On November 30, 2020 11:51 UTC, a major earthquake (Mw7.0) struck the northern area offshore Samos island, Greece, causing serious damage to the island and nearby Turkish coast. This seismic event is an ideal opportunity to explore extensional seismicity in the back-arc area of the Hellenic subduction zone. To that end, first and foremost we study the behavior and characteristics of the main event source. Then, we examine the evolution of the aftershock in space and time and relate it to the main event. We implement the technique of local backprojection on strong-motion recordings&amp;#160; (e.g. Kao &amp; Shan, 2007; Evangelidis, 2013) to infer the spatiotemporal distribution of the earthquake source. This method is performed at relatively short periods, making it possible to map in detail the high-frequency radiation of the source, without imposing any a priori constraints on the geometry or shape of the ruptured fault. Furthermore, and which is not often the case, the strong-motion recordings were carefully assessed prior to being used in backprojection, in order to avoid any significant influence of local site effects and amplification, which could in impact the robustness of the backprojection solution. Synthetic tests were also used to resolve the accuracy. Our results show evidence of multiple distinct sources of high-frequency radiation during the earthquake rupture. In addition, the first month of the aftershock sequence was located, clustered and relocated, ultimately highlighting the faults activated in the area. The quality of the resulting high-resolution catalogue was further assessed, and the moment tensors of the strongest events were estimated. Combining the backprojection results with the detailed picture of the aftershock seismic sequence leads to an interpretation of the short- and long-term fault rupture process and their associated secondary effects (tsunami, landslides) in the area.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The research work was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the &amp;#8220;First Call for H.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant&amp;#8221; (SIREN, Project Number: 910).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

A novel strong-motion seismic network for community participation in earthquake monitoring

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cochran ◽  
Jesse Lawrence ◽  
Carl Christensen ◽  
Angela Chung
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Earthquake Monitoring

scholarly journals Real-time earthquake monitoring for tsunami warning in the Indian Ocean and beyond

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2611-2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hanka ◽  
J. Saul ◽  
B. Weber ◽  
J. Becker ◽  
P. Harjadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Tsunami Warning ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Earthquake Monitoring ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Abstract. The Mw = 9.3 Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 generated a tsunami that affected the entire Indian Ocean region and caused approximately 230 000 fatalities. In the response to this tragedy the German government funded the German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) Project. The task of the GEOFON group of GFZ Potsdam was to develop and implement the seismological component. In this paper we describe the concept of the GITEWS earthquake monitoring system and report on its present status. The major challenge for earthquake monitoring within a tsunami warning system is to deliver rapid information about location, depth, size and possibly other source parameters. This is particularly true for coast lines adjacent to the potential source areas such as the Sunda trench where these parameters are required within a few minutes after the event in order to be able to warn the population before the potential tsunami hits the neighbouring coastal areas. Therefore, the key for a seismic monitoring system with short warning times adequate for Indonesia is a dense real-time seismic network across Indonesia with densifications close to the Sunda trench. A substantial number of supplementary stations in other Indian Ocean rim countries are added to strengthen the teleseismic monitoring capabilities. The installation of the new GITEWS seismic network – consisting of 31 combined broadband and strong motion stations – out of these 21 stations in Indonesia – is almost completed. The real-time data collection is using a private VSAT communication system with hubs in Jakarta and Vienna. In addition, all available seismic real-time data from the other seismic networks in Indonesia and other Indian Ocean rim countries are acquired also directly by VSAT or by Internet at the Indonesian Tsunami Warning Centre in Jakarta and the resulting "virtual" network of more than 230 stations can jointly be used for seismic data processing. The seismological processing software as part of the GITEWS tsunami control centre is an enhanced version of the widely used SeisComP software and the well established GEOFON earthquake information system operated at GFZ in Potsdam (http://geofon.gfz-potsdam.de/db/eqinfo.php). This recently developed software package (SeisComP3) is reliable, fast and can provide fully automatic earthquake location and magnitude estimates. It uses innovative visualization tools, offers the possibility for manual correction and re-calculation, flexible configuration, support for distributed processing and data and parameter exchange with external monitoring systems. SeisComP3 is not only used for tsunami warning in Indonesia but also in most other Tsunami Warning Centres in the Indian Ocean and Euro-Med regions and in many seismic services worldwide.

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