Self-regulation development as reported by parents and educators, by socio-economic quartile, United States

Abstract Children’s diets in their first 1000 days influence dietary preferences, eating habits, and long-term health. Yet the diets of most infants and toddlers in the United States do not conform to recommendations for optimal child nutrition. This narrative review examines whether marketing for infant formula and other commercial baby/toddler foods plays a role. The World Health Organization’s International Code of Marketing Breast-milk Substitutes strongly encourages countries and manufacturers to prohibit marketing practices that discourage initiation of, and continued, breastfeeding. However, in the United States, widespread infant formula marketing negatively impacts breastfeeding. Research has also identified questionable marketing of toddler milks (formula/milk-based drinks for children aged 12–36 mo). The United States has relied exclusively on industry self-regulation, but US federal agencies and state and local governments could regulate problematic marketing of infant formula and toddler milks. Health providers and public health organizations should also provide guidance. However, further research is needed to better understand how marketing influences what and how caregivers feed their young children and inform potential interventions and regulatory solutions.

Download Full-text

Maternal Responsiveness as a Predictor of Self-Regulation Development and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms Across Preschool Ages

Child Psychiatry & Human Development ◽

10.1007/s10578-017-0726-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 42-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ursula Pauli-Pott ◽

Susan Schloß ◽

Katja Becker

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Maternal Responsiveness ◽

Regulation Development

Download Full-text

Cyber Defense as a part of Hazard Mitigation: Comparing High Hazard Potential Dam Safety Programs in the United States and Sweden

Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management ◽

10.1515/jhsem-2015-0047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rosemary A. Burk ◽

Jan Kallberg

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Critical Infrastructure ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

The United States ◽

Dam Safety ◽

Cyber Defense ◽

Industrial Control Systems

AbstractCyber security tends to only address the technical aspects of the information systems. The lack of considerations for environmental long-range implications of failed cyber security planning and measures, especially in the protection of critical infrastructure and industrial control systems, have created ecological risks that are to a high degree unaddressed. This study compares dam safety arrangements in the United States and Sweden. Dam safety in the United States is highly regulated in many states, but inconsistent over the nation. In Sweden dam safety is managed by self-regulation. The study investigates the weaknesses and strengths in these regulatory and institutional arrangements from a cyber security perspective. If ecological and environmental concerns were a part of the risk evaluation and risk mitigation processes for cyber security, the hazard could be limited. Successful environmentally-linked cyber defense mitigates the risk for significant damage to domestic freshwater, aquatic and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems, and protects ecosystem function.

Download Full-text