scholarly journals The Impact of Covid-19 on Inmate Trust in Health Care and Willingness to Seek Treatment - A Qualitative Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valarie Kumalo ◽  
Alexander Nelson ◽  
Niki Messmore
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Reentry Programs ◽  
Interview Protocol ◽  
Community Reentry ◽  
Incarcerated Population ◽  
Prison Systems ◽  
The Impact

Background and Objective:  The coronavirus has disproportionately impacted vulnerable members of society. With the U.S. as the global leader in incarceration and the difficulties prison systems face implementing many of the mitigation strategies employed by the general population, the incarcerated population is in a uniquely vulnerable position particularly within an already strained prison healthcare system. Given the nature of prisons as total institutions, negative experiences with the virus coupled with a lack of autonomy could lead to a loss of trust in the healthcare system which has the potential to impact health-seeking behaviors. In this study, we aim to examine the effect of Covid-19 on Indiana inmates’ trust in healthcare.     Project Methods:  Data from 380 surveys distributed across Indiana’s prison system will be collected and analyzed. These results will be used to develop an interview protocol to conduct at least 25 in-depth interviews which will then be coded using NVivo to identify any emerging themes regarding their experiences with Covid-19. Prior to this, in-depth literature reviews were done on health care in prison populations and trust in healthcare.    Results:  The surveys and interview protocol will be developed in the ensuing months and thus no data has yet been collected. The literature review revealed that the quality and accessibility of care in prisons is lacking, an issue exacerbated by the pandemic. Because of the disproportionate number of preexisting issues, inmates worried about the ability of prison administrators to properly protect inmates from contracting the virus. Additionally, it was found that trust likely does have an effect on health, and that many commonalities of inmates are poor predictors for trust.    Potential Impact:  This study aims to identify potential loss of trust in healthcare systems to inform community reentry programs in developing strategies that prioritize inmate health needs and perceptions. 

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift in Clinical Practice of Sexual Health in Men During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 263183182110323
Author(s):  
Aditya Prakash Sharma ◽  
Japleen Kaur ◽  
Ravimohan S. Mavuduru ◽  
Shrawan K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Care Seeking ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

Sexual health-care seeking behavior and practices have been affected during COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 on this subspecialty is far reaching. This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on health-care seeking practice pertaining to sexual health in men in our tertiary care center and review the relevant literature regarding impact of COVID-19 on sexual health seeking practice and challenges faced. Outpatient data was analyzed from January 2019 to April 2021. Patients awaiting surgical procedures due to COVID were documented. A narrative synthesis of literature based on systematic search using the keywords sexual health, sexual health seeking, sexual health practice, andrology, and COVID with operators “AND” and “OR” was carried out in three search engines PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. The study outcomes were obtained by comparing data of outpatient attendance and compiling the reviewed literature. The mean attendance fell significantly from 95.11±11.17 to 17.25±13.70 persons (P <.0001) per outpatient clinic, March 2020 being the reference point. Teleconsultation has taken over physical consultation. In 98/949 cases, teleconsult could not be provided despite registration. Over 25 patients were waiting for surgical procedures pertaining to andrology due to shut down of elective services. Similar trends have been reported from other countries. Number of patients seeking consultation for sexual health problems has dramatically decreased during COVID-19 era. Establishment of data safe teleconsultation facility and its widespread advertisement is needed to encourage patients to seek consult.

Religion and Health Care in East Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lloyd ◽  
Melissa Haussman ◽  
Patrick James
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
World View ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Religion And Health ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
The Impact

What is the impact of religious and non-religious beliefs on health care? Health care, an essential aspect of an individual’s physical, emotional, and psychological well-being, is an important way to assess this question. This book studies the relationship of the physical and spiritual domains by investigating how religious belief affects the provision and consumption of public health in three Africa countries: Uganda, Mozambique, and Ethiopia. Results all confirm the impact of religious beliefs on health perceptions, procurement, and provision. Securing good health is a key and universal aspiration. Furthermore, modern medicine is commonly understood as a means to that end. No matter the religious belief, all showed awareness of the importance and efficacy of medical treatment. On the health care provision side, faith-based entities are important, even essential, in health care for the three countries studied. A review of health outcomes, centered around the Millennium Development Goals, reveals general progress across the board. The progress towards the MDG’s has also been made by international ngo’s, including those focused specifically on women’s health. Health seeking behaviour is affected by a holistic mindset in which physical and mental health are intertwined. This world view, observed among adherents of Christianity, Islam, and African Traditional Religion, shapes Africans’ understanding of the world of sickness and health and how best to respond to its complexity. Africans thus pursue health care in a rational way, given their world view, with an openness to, and even preference, for faith-based provision where government efforts may fall short of basic needs.

scholarly journals COVID-19 healthcare demand and mortality in Sweden in response to non-pharmaceutical (NPIs) mitigation and suppression scenarios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Sjödin ◽  
Anders F. Johansson ◽  
Åke Brännström ◽  
Zia Farooq ◽  
Hedi Katre Kriit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
List Type ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
Swedish Model ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundWhile the COVID-19 outbreak in China now appears surpressed, Europe and the US have become the epicenters, both reporting many more deaths than China. Responding to the pandemic, Sweden has taken a different approach aiming to mitigate, not suppressing community transmission, by using physical distancing without lock-downs. Here we contrast consequences of different responses to COVID-19 within Sweden, the resulting demand for care, intensive care, the death tolls, and the associated direct healthcare related costs.MethodsWe use an age stratified health-care demand extended SEIR compartmental model calibrated to the municipality level for all municipalities in Sweden, and a radiation model describing inter-municipality mobility.ResultsOur model fit well with the observed deaths in Sweden up to 20th of April, 2020. The intensive care unit (ICU) demand is estimated to reach almost 10,000 patients per day by early May in an unmitigated scenario, far above the pre-pandemic ICU capacity of 526 beds. In contrast, a scenario with moderate physical distancing and shielding of elderly in combination with more effective isolation of infectious individuals would reduce numbers to below 500 per day. This would substantially flatten the curve, extend the epidemic period, but a risk resurgence is expected if measures are relaxed. The different scenarios show quite different death tolls up to the 1th of September, ranging from 5,000 to 41,000 deaths, exluding deaths potentially caused by ICU shortage. Further, analyses of the total all-cause mortality in Stockholm indicate that a confirmed COVID-19 death is associated with a additional 0.40 (95% Cl: 0.24, 0.57) all-cause death.ConclusionThe results of this study highlight the impact of different combinations of non-pharmaceutical interventions, especially moderate physical distancing and shielding of elderly in combination with more effective isolation of infectious individuals, on reducing deaths and lower healthcare costs. In less effective mitigation scenarios, the demand on ICU beds would rapidly exceed capacity, showing the tight interconnection between the healthcare demand and physical distancing in the society. These findings have relevance for Swedish policy and response to the COVID-19 pandemic and illustrate the importance of maintaining the level of physical distancing for a longer period to suppress or mitigate the impacts from the pandemic.Key messagesWe find physical distancing and isolation of infectious individuals without lockdown is effective in mitigating much of the negative direct health impact from the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden, but has a higher death toll compared to other Scandinavian countries who did implement a lockdownBetween the start of the Swedish model of physical distancing and shiedling the elderly in March to late April, it appears Sweden has managed to ensure that ICU demands do not exceed ICU capacities and that deaths are substantially reduced compared to a counterfactual scenario.In the counterfactual scenario (eg no public health interventions), the intensive care unit demand is estimated to be almost 20 times higher than the intensive care capacity in Sweden and the number of deaths would be between 40,000 to 60,000Under current mitigation strategies, the death toll, health care need, and its associated cost are, however, still substantial, and it is likely to continue to rise unless the virus is suppressed, or eliminated. In the stronger mitigation and suppression scenarios, including the scenario fitting best to data from Sweden by late April 2020, there is an obvious risk of resurgence of the epidemic unless physical distancing, shielding of the elderly, and home isolation are effectively sustained.Additional analyses indicate all-cause non COVID-19 excess mortality rises with 0.4 deaths per every reported COVID-19 death in the Stockholm area.

scholarly journals Mobile Midwesterners: The Impact of Migration on Aging, Health, and Community

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Dalstrom
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Retirement Communities ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

As the population in the US ages, there is increasing need to study aging and its relationship to quality of life, health, and community. Quality of life is closely correlated with belonging to a community. Unfortunately, as seniors age there is a propensity for them to become increasingly isolated as their mobility decreases and their friends and family members die or move away. As a result, some seniors in the Midwest have begun to migrate to RV parks in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (“LRGV”) in south Texas that function as temporary retirement communities for the winter. While there, they reconnect with friends and family members and engage in a variety of social, civic, and exercise related activities. Further, they participate in a variety of health seeking behaviors such as health screenings, trading medications, and using the Mexican health care system. This article explores these practices and discusses how Winter Texans choose the LRGV, how new members become integrated into RV parks, and how life in the parks impacts health and access to health care services. It also highlights the impact that seasonal migration has on community formation, health seeking behaviors, and the diversity of retirement communities.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Second Wave on Healthcare Networks in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad M. Hassan ◽  
Hussam Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
County Level ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
The U.S

The risk of overwhelming healthcare systems from a second wave of COVID-19 is yet to be quantified. Here, we investigate the impact of different reopening scenarios of states around the U.S. on COVID-19 hospitalized cases and the risk of overwhelming the healthcare system while considering resources at the county level. We show that the second wave might involve an unprecedented impact on the healthcare system if an increasing number of the population becomes susceptible and/or if the various protective measures are discontinued. Furthermore, we explore the ability of different mitigation strategies in providing considerable relief to the healthcare system. The results can aid healthcare planners, policymakers, and state officials in making decisions on additional resources required and on when to return to normalcy.

Impact of promoting patient access to their Electronic Health Care Record: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Tapuria
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Patient Portals ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND A significant cost element of healthcare provision are one-to-one interactions with individuals at clinic visits or by phone. HIT (Health Information technology) (https://www.hit.org.uk) and patient-shared EHRs have the potential to decrease these costs, improve access to healthcare data, self-care, quality of care, and health and patient-centred outcome. OBJECTIVE This systematic literature review is aimed at identifying the benefits and issues around promoting patients access to their own Electronic Healthcare Records (EHRs). The purpose is to outline and summarize study results on the impact of patients’ online access to their own EHRs from the primary healthcare centres and hospitals and access to the patient portals. METHODS Searches were conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, COCHRANE library, CINHAL and Google scholar. Over 2000 papers were screened, and initially filtered based on duplicates, then by reading the titles and finally based on their abstracts. 54 papers were retained, analysed and summarised, of which 24 were studies involving patient portals. Papers were included if patient access to their own EHRs (including patient portals) was the primary intervention used in the study. The search technique used to identify relevant literature for this paper, involved input from 5 experts. RESULTS While 52% authors agree that access to EHRs would be beneficial to patients and the overall healthcare system, a few (18%) critics have highlighted concerns as well. While the benefits range from re-assurance (8%), reduced anxiety (8%), positive impact on consultations (6%), better doctor-patient relationship (10%) and increased awareness and adherence to medicines (8%), most of the concerns are around security and privacy and confidentiality of personal health information along with anxiety in cases of serious illnesses (18%). Using patient portals was found to improve patient outcomes such as medication compliance, achieving blood pressure control, controlling sugar levels and glycaemic control, improving functional status and reduced high-cost healthcare utilisation in patients with chronic conditions, enhance timely patient centred care. These were noted in a range of study populations. In addition, patient portals were found to improve self-reported levels of engagement or activation related to self-management, enhanced knowledge, and improve recovery scores, and organisational efficiencies in a tertiary level mental health care facility. However, three studies out of 24 did not find statistical effect of patient portals on health outcomes. Along with the overall impact of patients’ access to EHR systems, this review has presented the impact of access to patient portals separately as well. CONCLUSIONS This literature review identified some benefits and harms involved in promoting patients’ access to their own EHRs (including the patient portals). This access is often part of government strategies when developing patient-centric self-management elements of a sustainable healthcare system. The findings of this review could give healthcare providers a framework to analyse the benefits offered by promoting patient access to EHRs and decide on the best approach for their own specialities and clinical set up. A robust cost-benefit evaluation of such initiatives along with its impact on major stakeholders within the healthcare system would be essential in understanding the overall impact of such initiatives. Implementation of patient access to their EHRs could help the government address concerns in developing national standards, whilst taking care of local variations and fulfilling the healthcare needs of the population, e.g. to that goal UK Government is committed to making full GP records available online to every patient by 2018. Ultimately, increasing transparency and promoting personal responsibility are key elements of a sustainable healthcare system for future generations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impact of Educational Status and Cultural Beliefs on the Health Seeking Behavior of Women with Obstetric Fistula in South-South and South Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cultural Belief ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Health Seeking Behavior ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Background: Obstetric fistula is a serious health problem affecting women in low and middle-income countries. It continues to exist in Nigeria because the health care system has failed to provide quality, accessible and affordable maternal health care including family planning, skilled care at birth, basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric care and inadequate access to treatment of obstetric fistula cases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of educational status and cultural beliefs on the health seeking behavior of women with obstetric fistula in South-South and South Eastern Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Non-probability sampling involving purposive and simple random sampling technique was adopted in the selection of one hundred and fifty (150) post-operative patients. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis frequency tables and percentage distribution. Results: The findings were that educational status and cultural belief exert significant influence on the health seeking behavior of women with obstetric fistula. Conclusion: The study indicated that obstetric fistula is a major reproductive health challenge affecting women of childbearing age in Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, educational status and cultural belief of women with obstetric fistula are the major serious challenges to health seeking behaviour of the women with Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF). It was therefore recommended that more awareness on obstetric fistula should be created using strategies such as sex education programmed in secondary schools and churches so as to educate them on issues concerning obstetric fistula as well as health talk on VVF for youths.

scholarly journals A study to analyse the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming Australian healthcare

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Shakir Karim ◽  
Nitirajsingh Sandu ◽  
Ergun Gide
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Health Care Ethics ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Academic Conference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care System

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the biggest emerging movement and promise in today’s technology world. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in contrast to Natural (human or animal) Intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines. AI is also called Machine Intelligence, aims to mimic human intelligence by being able to obtain and apply knowledge and skills.  It promises substantial involvements, vast changes, modernizations, and integration with and within people’s ongoing life. It makes the world more demanding and helps to take the prompt and appropriate decisions with real time. This paper provides a main analysis of health industry and health care system in Australian Healthcare that are relevant to the consequences formed by Artificial Intelligence (AI). This paper primarily has used secondary research analysis method to provide a wide-ranging investigation of the positive and negative consequences of health issues relevant to Artificial Intelligence (AI), the architects of those consequences and those overstated by the consequences. The secondary resources are subject to journal articles, reports, academic conference proceedings, media articles, corporation-based documents, blogs and other appropriate information. The study found that Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides useful insights in Australian Healthcare system. It is steadily reducing the cost of Australian Healthcare system and improving patients’ overall outcome in Australian Healthcare. Artificial Intelligence (AI) not only can improve the affairs between public and health enterprises but also make the life better by increasing efficiency and modernization. However, beyond the technology maturity, there are still many challenges to overcome before Australian Healthcare can fully leverage the potential of AI in health care - Ethics being one of the most critical.   Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Health Industry, Health Care System, Australian Healthcare;

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low- and middle-income countries

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. eabc0035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick G. T. Walker ◽  
Charles Whittaker ◽  
Oliver J Watson ◽  
Marc Baguelin ◽  
Peter Winskill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Limited Health ◽  
Lower Income Countries ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a severe threat to public health worldwide. We combine data on demography, contact patterns, disease severity, and health care capacity and quality to understand its impact and inform strategies for its control. Younger populations in lower income countries may reduce overall risk but limited health system capacity coupled with closer inter-generational contact largely negates this benefit. Mitigation strategies that slow but do not interrupt transmission will still lead to COVID-19 epidemics rapidly overwhelming health systems, with substantial excess deaths in lower income countries due to the poorer health care available. Of countries that have undertaken suppression to date, lower income countries have acted earlier. However, this will need to be maintained or triggered more frequently in these settings to keep below available health capacity, with associated detrimental consequences for the wider health, well-being and economies of these countries.

Improving cultural competence in medical curricula of Algarve University to reduce health disparities

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinto de Oliveiraa ◽  
S Nunes ◽  
A Marreiros ◽  
I Palmeirim
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Medical Curricula ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Interactive Lectures ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The increasing diversity of the Portuguese population and the globalization of health care require advance practice physicians to be culturally competent. Greater appreciation exists for the impact of culture on health care: health seeking behaviors are affected by cultural mores. The field of 'cultural competence' has emerged as one strategy to address these disparities. The Integrated Master of Medicine at the University of Algarve realized that the development of culturally responsive clinical skills is vital to the effectiveness of behavioral health services. To achieve this realization, Cultural Competence Seminars were included as obligatory course in medical curricula, since 2017. Although some cultural competence topics were addressed at different moments of master, in PBL approach and electives. The seminars offered in Year 6 were structured in 3-h interactive lectures per week covering the following topics: gipsy ethnicity, vulnerable groups, Jehovah's Witnesses, Islamic Culture and Ethics in different cultural contexts. These thematic areas were taught by social scientists and interested “experts” or inviting personal testimonys. The learning objectives are related to knowledge-based that focus on information, such as definitions about culture and related concepts; attitudes that seeks to improve provider awareness of the impact of socio-cultural factors on patients' values and behaviors and skills that focus on learning communication regarding the context. The integration of seminars in the medical curricula has been a successful project as it has been well received by students. Reflecting on the conceptualization and implementation of the cultural competence seminars, there are still some challenges to address. That is, cultural competence needs to be further integrated in the curriculum by incorporating in additional clinical communication and clinical skills sessions. Key messages It is a model that can be applied regardless of the meaning a school of medicine attaches to the notion of cultural competence, and can build on existing strengths within the organization.

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