scholarly journals Enhancement of Durability Properties and Drying Shrinkage of Heat-treated Oil Palm Shell Species High-strength Lightweight Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkun Yew ◽  
Mingchian Yew ◽  
Lip Huat Saw ◽  
Siongkang Lim ◽  
Jing Hang Beh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Heat Treated

In this study, the effects of heat-treated and non-treated oil palm shell (OPS) species (dura and tenera) are investigated on the slump, density and compressive strength of oil palm shell concrete (OPSC). Two different species of OPS coarse aggregates are subjected to heat treatment at 65 and 130 °C with the duration of 1 h. The results show that the workability of the OPSC increases significantly with an increase in temperature of heat-treated of the tenera OPS aggregates. It is found that the maximum achievable 28-days and 180-days compressive strength is 51 and 54 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, rapid chloride penetration tests (RCPT), porosity measurement and water absorption tests were performance to signify the effects of heat treatment on different OPS species lightweight concrete (LWC). The use of heat-treated OPS LWC induced the advantageous of reducing the permeability and capillary porosity as well as water absorption. The results showed that the ideal of heat treatment method has enhanced the performance of drying shrinkage. Hence, the findings of this study are of primary importance as they revealed that the heat treatment on OPS species LWC can be used as a new environmentally friendly method to enhance the durability properties and drying shrinkage of OPS LWC.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Durability Properties and Drying Shrinkage of Heat-treated Oil Palm Shell Species High-strength Lightweight Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkun Yew ◽  
Mingchian Yew ◽  
Lip Huat Saw ◽  
Siongkang Lim ◽  
Jing Hang Beh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Heat Treated

In this study, the effects of heat-treated and non-treated oil palm shell (OPS) species (dura and tenera) are investigated on the slump, density and compressive strength of oil palm shell concrete (OPSC). Two different species of OPS coarse aggregates are subjected to heat treatment at 65 and 130 °C with the duration of 1 h. The results show that the workability of the OPSC increases significantly with an increase in temperature of heat-treated of the tenera OPS aggregates. It is found that the maximum achievable 28-days and 180-days compressive strength is 51 and 54 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, rapid chloride penetration tests (RCPT), porosity measurement and water absorption tests were performance to signify the effects of heat treatment on different OPS species lightweight concrete (LWC). The use of heat-treated OPS LWC induced the advantageous of reducing the permeability and capillary porosity as well as water absorption. The results showed that the ideal of heat treatment method has enhanced the performance of drying shrinkage. Hence, the findings of this study are of primary importance as they revealed that the heat treatment on OPS species LWC can be used as a new environmentally friendly method to enhance the durability properties and drying shrinkage of OPS LWC.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Parameters on the Development of Compressive Strength of Oil Palm Shell Geopolymer Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Hosseini Kupaei ◽  
U. Johnson Alengaram ◽  
Mohd Zamin Jumaat
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Curing Regimes

This paper presents the experimental results of an on-going research project on geopolymer lightweight concrete using two locally available waste materials—low calcium fly ash (FA) and oil palm shell (OPS)—as the binder and lightweight coarse aggregate, respectively. OPS was pretreated with three different alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide, and sodium silicate as well as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for 30 days; afterwards, oil palm shell geopolymer lightweight concrete (OPSGPC) was cast by using both pretreated and untreated OPSs. The effect of these solutions on the water absorption of OPS, and the development of compressive strength in different curing conditions of OPSGPC produced by pretreated OPS were investigated; subsequently the influence of NaOH concentration, alkaline solution to FA ratio (A/FA), and different curing regimes on the compressive strength and density of OPSGPC produced by untreated OPS was inspected. The 24-hour water absorption value for OPS pretreated with 20% and 50% PVA solution was about 4% compared to 23% for untreated OPS. OPSGPC produced from OPS treated with 50% PVA solution produced the highest compressive strength of about 30 MPa in ambient cured condition. The pretreatment with alkaline solution did not have a significant positive effect on the water absorption of OPS aggregate and the compressive strength of OPSGPC. The result revealed that a maximum compressive strength of 32 MPa could be obtained at a temperature of 65°C and curing period of 4 days. This investigation also found that an A/FA ratio of 0.45 has the optimum amount of alkaline liquid and it resulted in the highest level of compressive strength.

Enhancement of durability properties of heat-treated oil palm shell species lightweight concrete

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Ming Chian Yew ◽  
Lip Huat Saw ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Min Lee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Heat Treated

Improving the Properties of Oil Palm Shell (OPS) Concrete Using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Coated Aggregates

2014 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willie Wei Shung Chai ◽  
Delsye Teo Ching Lee ◽  
Chee Khoon Ng
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

Recycling and reusing waste materials as aggregate replacement play an important role in solving issues associated with environmental problems and depletion of non-renewable resources. The use of these waste materials as aggregate is highly desirable as it can serve to sanitise the environment and create cheaper, renewable aggregates which will provide a double advantage as cost effective construction material and waste disposal at the same time. Hence, there is growing interest in this research area to promote safe and economical use of waste material as aggregate alternative in concrete. In Malaysia, where oil palm shell (OPS) is generated in abundance from the oil palm industry, reusing OPS as concrete aggregate replacement has been widely studied. Results from previous studies have shown that OPS concrete can be used in practical application as structural lightweight concrete. However, the properties of OPS can be further improved to achieve better performance of the resulting concrete. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer which is extensively used in all kinds of industries, such as papermaking, adhesive for plywood, printing and even in the construction industry as internal wall coating, plasterwork and joint sealing. It has been found that PVA has the potential to improve the quality of the OPS aggregates and hence enhance the resulting concrete properties. In this paper, an experimental program on concrete produced from PVA coated OPS aggregates is presented. The PVA treated OPS concrete was tested for slump, air-dry density, compressive strength, and water absorption. It was found that PVA treated OPS concrete had significant improvement in its compressive strength as compared to raw OPS concrete. It was determined that PVA treated OPS concrete can achieve 28-day compressive strength of up to 33.53 MPa. Moreover, it was also determined that there was a decrease of 0.67% in the water absorption of PVA treated OPS concrete as compared to the raw OPS concrete. In general, the investigation results showed that PVA can be used to improve the OPS concrete properties for the production of structural lightweight concrete.

scholarly journals Effects of Oil Palm Shell Coarse Aggregate Species on High Strength Lightweight Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Hilmi Bin Mahmud ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Ming Chian Yew
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different species of oil palm shell (OPS) coarse aggregates on the properties of high strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC). Original and crushed OPS coarse aggregates of different species and age categories were investigated in this study. The research focused on two OPS species (duraandtenera), in which the coarse aggregates were taken from oil palm trees of the following age categories (3–5, 6–9, and 10–15 years old). The results showed that the workability and dry density of the oil palm shell concrete (OPSC) increase with an increase in age category of OPS species. The compressive strength of specimen CD3 increases significantly compared to specimen CT3 by 21.8%. The maximum achievable 28-day and 90-day compressive strength is 54 and 56 MPa, respectively, which is within the range for 10–15-year-old crushedduraOPS. The water absorption was determined to be within the range for good concrete for the different species of OPSC. In addition, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) results showed that the OPS HSLWC attain good condition at the age of 3 days.

scholarly journals Optimum Oil Palm Shell Content as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Based on Mechanical and Durability Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Maghfouri ◽  
Payam Shafigh ◽  
Muhammad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

Oil palm shell (OPS) is a biosolid waste in palm oil industry in the tropical countries which could be used as aggregate in concrete mixture. Since 1984, OPS has been experimented as natural lightweight aggregate in research studies to produce lightweight concrete (LWC). Medium and high-strength LWCs using OPS as coarse aggregate were successfully produced. However, higher drying shrinkage and lower mechanical properties for concretes containing higher volume of OPS are reported in previous studies. Therefore, OPS is not fit to be used as full coarse aggregate in concrete mixture and therefore, there should be an optimum OPS content in concrete. In this study, in a normal-weight concrete, normal coarse aggregate was replaced with OPS from zero to 100% with an interval of 20%. Tests such as slump, density, compressive strength in different curing conditions, splitting tensile strength, initial and final water absorptions, and drying shrinkage of cured and uncured specimens were conducted to find out optimum OPS content in concrete. From the test results, it could be summarized that OPS content should not exceed 60% of total volume of coarse aggregate.

DURABILITY PERFORMANCE OF OIL PALM SHELL LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE FOR INSULATION BUILDING MATERIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eravan Serri ◽  
Mohd Zailan Suleiman ◽  
Roslan Talib ◽  
Mahyuddin Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Durability Performance

The advantage of oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate in concrete can be extended to insulation concrete capacity. Thus, this paper will explain the durability of oil palm shell lightweight concrete (OPSLC) for insulation concrete capacity in building. Nine mix designs were developed containing high volume of OPS, which is 30, 32 and 34% from total volume of concrete with three different OPS shapes (raw, crushed and partly crushed). The water absorption and drying shrinkage were examined; besides, thermal conductivity testing that was conducted for confirmation as insulation concrete category.  The observation of all the specimens lasted one year for durability performance test and 28 days for thermal conductivity value. The highest water absorption value is 43% from previous study that was designed for structural concrete. Higher OPS volume fraction produced higher air void content and caused water loss and increase of the hydration effects on OPSLC shrinkage. It also affected the microstructure conditions, especially specimens that used 34% of OPS volume fraction which show weak interface bond in cement matrix.

scholarly journals Effects of Low Volume Fraction of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Shell Lightweight Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Hilmi Bin Mahmud ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Ming Chian Yew
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Low Volume

This paper presents the effects of low volume fraction(Vf)of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers on the mechanical properties of oil palm shell (OPS) high strength lightweight concrete mixtures. The slump, density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity under various curing conditions have been measured and evaluated. The results indicate that an increase in PVA fibers decreases the workability of the concrete and decreases the density slightly. The 28-day compressive strength of oil palm shell fiber-reinforced concrete (OPSFRC) high strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC) subject to continuous moist curing was within the range of 43–49 MPa. The average modulus of elasticity (E) value is found to be 16.1 GPa for all mixes, which is higher than that reported in previous studies and is within the range of normal weight concrete. Hence, the findings of this study revealed that the PVA fibers can be used as an alternative material to enhance the properties of OPS HSLWC for building and construction applications.

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