scholarly journals Effects of Low Volume Fraction of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Shell Lightweight Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Hilmi Bin Mahmud ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Ming Chian Yew
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Low Volume

This paper presents the effects of low volume fraction(Vf)of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers on the mechanical properties of oil palm shell (OPS) high strength lightweight concrete mixtures. The slump, density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity under various curing conditions have been measured and evaluated. The results indicate that an increase in PVA fibers decreases the workability of the concrete and decreases the density slightly. The 28-day compressive strength of oil palm shell fiber-reinforced concrete (OPSFRC) high strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC) subject to continuous moist curing was within the range of 43–49 MPa. The average modulus of elasticity (E) value is found to be 16.1 GPa for all mixes, which is higher than that reported in previous studies and is within the range of normal weight concrete. Hence, the findings of this study revealed that the PVA fibers can be used as an alternative material to enhance the properties of OPS HSLWC for building and construction applications.

scholarly journals Effects of Oil Palm Shell Coarse Aggregate Species on High Strength Lightweight Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Hilmi Bin Mahmud ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Ming Chian Yew
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different species of oil palm shell (OPS) coarse aggregates on the properties of high strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC). Original and crushed OPS coarse aggregates of different species and age categories were investigated in this study. The research focused on two OPS species (duraandtenera), in which the coarse aggregates were taken from oil palm trees of the following age categories (3–5, 6–9, and 10–15 years old). The results showed that the workability and dry density of the oil palm shell concrete (OPSC) increase with an increase in age category of OPS species. The compressive strength of specimen CD3 increases significantly compared to specimen CT3 by 21.8%. The maximum achievable 28-day and 90-day compressive strength is 54 and 56 MPa, respectively, which is within the range for 10–15-year-old crushedduraOPS. The water absorption was determined to be within the range for good concrete for the different species of OPSC. In addition, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) results showed that the OPS HSLWC attain good condition at the age of 3 days.

Effects of polypropylene twisted bundle fibers on the mechanical properties of high-strength oil palm shell lightweight concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Hilmi Bin Mahmud ◽  
Payam Shafigh ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Ming Chian Yew
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Twisted Bundle

Improving the Properties of Oil Palm Shell (OPS) Concrete Using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Coated Aggregates

2014 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willie Wei Shung Chai ◽  
Delsye Teo Ching Lee ◽  
Chee Khoon Ng
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

Recycling and reusing waste materials as aggregate replacement play an important role in solving issues associated with environmental problems and depletion of non-renewable resources. The use of these waste materials as aggregate is highly desirable as it can serve to sanitise the environment and create cheaper, renewable aggregates which will provide a double advantage as cost effective construction material and waste disposal at the same time. Hence, there is growing interest in this research area to promote safe and economical use of waste material as aggregate alternative in concrete. In Malaysia, where oil palm shell (OPS) is generated in abundance from the oil palm industry, reusing OPS as concrete aggregate replacement has been widely studied. Results from previous studies have shown that OPS concrete can be used in practical application as structural lightweight concrete. However, the properties of OPS can be further improved to achieve better performance of the resulting concrete. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer which is extensively used in all kinds of industries, such as papermaking, adhesive for plywood, printing and even in the construction industry as internal wall coating, plasterwork and joint sealing. It has been found that PVA has the potential to improve the quality of the OPS aggregates and hence enhance the resulting concrete properties. In this paper, an experimental program on concrete produced from PVA coated OPS aggregates is presented. The PVA treated OPS concrete was tested for slump, air-dry density, compressive strength, and water absorption. It was found that PVA treated OPS concrete had significant improvement in its compressive strength as compared to raw OPS concrete. It was determined that PVA treated OPS concrete can achieve 28-day compressive strength of up to 33.53 MPa. Moreover, it was also determined that there was a decrease of 0.67% in the water absorption of PVA treated OPS concrete as compared to the raw OPS concrete. In general, the investigation results showed that PVA can be used to improve the OPS concrete properties for the production of structural lightweight concrete.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ASPECT RATIO AND VOLUME FRACTION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL FIBRE-REINFORCED OIL PALM SHELL CONCRETE

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Poh YAP ◽  
U. Johnson ALENGARAM ◽  
Mohd. Zamin JUMAAT
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibres ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

The utilization of oil palm shell (OPS) as a replacement for conventional coarse aggregate produces a greener structural lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). Steel fibres enhance the mechanical properties of LWAC including OPS concrete (OPSC). This paper reports on the influence of the aspect ratio (l/d) and volume fraction (Vf) of hooked end steel fibres in oil palm shell fibre-reinforced concrete (OPSFRC). The fresh and hardened concrete properties, including ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and post-failure compressive strength (PFCS) of ten mixes with three each for l/d (55, 65 and 80) and Vf (0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%) are investigated. The mix with an l/d of 65 produced the highest values of slump, density, and compressive strength. The enhancement in the splitting tensile strength of 83% compared to the control mix was obtained for the mix with the highest l/d. Generally, the increase in Vf from 0.25% to 0.75% improved the mechanical properties. The UPV results indicated that all OPSFRC and PFCS of 66–70% obtained were of good quality.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Shell Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sahari ◽  
M. A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

The mechanical properties of oil palm shell (OPS) composites were investigated with different volume fraction of OPS such as 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% using unsaturated polyester (UPE) as a matrix. The results presented that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the UPE/OPS composites increased as the OPS loading increased. The highest tensile modulus of UPE/OPS was obtained at 30 vol% of OPS with the value of 8.50 GPa. The tensile strength of the composites was 1.15, 1.17, and 1.18 times higher than the pure UPE matrix for 10, 20, and 30 vol% of OPS, respectively. The FTIR spectra showed the change of functional group of composites with different volume fractions of OPS. SEM analysis shows the filler pull-out present in the composites which proved the poor filler-matrix interfacial bonding.

Durability Performance of Oil Palm Shell Lightweight Concrete as Insulation Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Eravan Serri ◽  
Mohd Zailan Sulieman ◽  
Md Azree Othuman Mydin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Concrete Category ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Durability Performance

This paper presents a solid agricultural solid waste, namely oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate to produce insulation concrete. This study will investigate the porosity, air permeability and thermal conductivity of OPS lightweight concrete (OPSLC). Nine mix designs were developed which comprised three OPS shapes and three volume fractions of OPS. The results indicated that increased volume fraction of OPS caused decreased durability performance and thermal conductivity. The shape of OPS is found to have significant effects to the porosity content and air permeability values. Thus, there is a strong relationship between porosity content and air permeability for all specimens. Based on the results, all specimens are found to be in the range of insulation concrete category except for specimen C-30, which has more than 0.75W/mK thermal conductivity according to RILEM requirement. The thermal conductivity of OPSLC is comparable with artificial lightweight aggregate.

scholarly journals Optimum Oil Palm Shell Content as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Based on Mechanical and Durability Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Maghfouri ◽  
Payam Shafigh ◽  
Muhammad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

Oil palm shell (OPS) is a biosolid waste in palm oil industry in the tropical countries which could be used as aggregate in concrete mixture. Since 1984, OPS has been experimented as natural lightweight aggregate in research studies to produce lightweight concrete (LWC). Medium and high-strength LWCs using OPS as coarse aggregate were successfully produced. However, higher drying shrinkage and lower mechanical properties for concretes containing higher volume of OPS are reported in previous studies. Therefore, OPS is not fit to be used as full coarse aggregate in concrete mixture and therefore, there should be an optimum OPS content in concrete. In this study, in a normal-weight concrete, normal coarse aggregate was replaced with OPS from zero to 100% with an interval of 20%. Tests such as slump, density, compressive strength in different curing conditions, splitting tensile strength, initial and final water absorptions, and drying shrinkage of cured and uncured specimens were conducted to find out optimum OPS content in concrete. From the test results, it could be summarized that OPS content should not exceed 60% of total volume of coarse aggregate.

Mechanical Properties of Modified Polypropylene Coarse Fiber-Reinforced, High-Strength, Lightweight Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1499-1506
Author(s):  
Rong Hui Zhang ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume

In this study, the effect of micro-expansion high strength grouting material (EGM) and Modified polypropylene coarse fiber (M-PP fiber) on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete are investigated. The influence of EGM and M-PP fiber on compressive strength , flexural strength and drying shrinkage of concrete are researched, and flexural fracture toughness are calculated. Test results show that the effect of EGM and M-PP fiber volume fraction (Vf) on flexural strength and fracture toughness is extremely prominent, compressive strength is only slightly enhanced, and the rate of shrinkage is obviously decreased. It is observed that the shape of the descending branch of load-deflection and the ascending branch of shrinkage-age tends towards gently with the increase of Vf. And M-PP fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete is more economical.

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