scholarly journals Updating warning systems for climate hazards

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Editor JTDE
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Personal Mobile Devices ◽  
Personal Devices

Warning systems are relied on worldwide as part of disaster risk reduction. The traditional model of a government monopolistic system supplying warnings through a broadcast approach is now challenged by new media, mobile technologies and the accompanying expectations of individualised warnings to personal mobile devices. We examine this situation, and one novel approach – the use of an augmented signal from the next generation of Japanese positioning satellites – to providing individual warnings to personal devices wherever their owners are. We conclude that delivery to personal devices is feasible and already happening to some extent. Linking these new official systems with the multiple information flows of social media and crowdsourcing remains a major challenge.

scholarly journals Challenges and Technical Advances in Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWSs)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duminda Perera ◽  
Ousmane Seidou ◽  
Jetal Agnihotri ◽  
Hamid Mehmood ◽  
Mohamed Rasmy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Warning Systems

Flood early warning systems (FEWSs)—one of the most common flood-impact mitigation measures—are currently in operation globally. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) strongly advocates for an increase in their availability to reach the targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Comprehensive FEWS consists of four components, which includes (1) risk knowledge, (2) monitoring and forecasting, (3) warning, dissemination, and communication, and (4) response capabilities. Operational FEWSs have varying levels of complexity, depending on available data, adopted technology, and know-how. There are apparent differences in sophistication between FEWSs in developed countries that have the financial capabilities, technological infrastructure, and human resources and developing countries where FEWSs tend to be less advanced. Fortunately, recent advances in remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI), information technologies, and social media are leading to significant changes in the mechanisms of FEWSs and provide the opportunity for all FEWSs to gain additional capability. These technologies are an opportunity for developing countries to overcome the technical limitations that FEWSs have faced so far. This chapter aims to discuss the challenges in FEWSs in brief and exposes technological advances and their benefits in flood forecasting and disaster mitigation.

scholarly journals Mobile Alert and Warning in the United States and Japan: Confronting the Challenges of International Harmonization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Bean ◽  
Ana Maria Cruz ◽  
Mika Shimizu ◽  
Keri K. Stephens ◽  
Matthew McGlone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
International Harmonization ◽  
Global Partnership ◽  
Expert Workshop ◽  
Global Stakeholders

AbstractA U.S.-Japan expert workshop on mobile alert and warning was held online 8–10 September 2021. Funded by the Japan Foundation’s Center for Global Partnership (CGP) and responding to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, the workshop compared U.S. and Japanese mobile alert and warning contexts, systems, policies, and messages to investigate possibilities for international harmonization of mobile device-based early warning. The workshop’s sessions revealed two interrelated issues that repeatedly surfaced among workshop participants: culture and policy. The workshop illuminated several possibilities and problems confronting U.S., Japanese, and global stakeholders as they develop, deploy, and seek to improve the effectiveness of mobile alert and warning systems and messages.

scholarly journals Early Warning Systems: Lost in Translation or Late by Definition? A FORIN Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irasema Alcántara-Ayala ◽  
Anthony Oliver-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Human Welfare

Abstract Early warning systems (EWSs) are widely considered to be one of the most important mechanisms to prevent disasters around the globe. But as disasters continue to affect countries where EWSs have already been implemented, the striking disaster consequences have led us to reflect on the focus, architecture, and function of the warning systems. Since the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami there has been a rapid rise in the promotion and use of EWSs to minimize disaster losses and damage. However, few researchers have addressed the question of their acceptability as an adaptive measure to the existing exposure conditions. EWSs are far more linked to emergency response and humanitarian crises and accepted technological interventions as solutions than they are to explicitly advance integrated analysis, disaster risk reduction, and policy making. A major flaw of EWSs is that the term “early” has been essentially used in reference to the speed of hazard onset, founded on a physicalist perspective that has encouraged a considerable dependence on technology. In this article we address the need for a clear understanding of the root causes and risk drivers of disaster risk creation, as advanced in the FORIN (forensic investigation of disasters) approach, as a prerequisite for the development of more articulated EWSs that could contribute to disaster risk reduction through policy making and practice, based on integrated and transdisciplinary management, in the interest of sustainable development, and human welfare and well-being.

scholarly journals Participatory Early Warning Systems: Youth, Citizen Science, and Intergenerational Dialogues on Disaster Risk Reduction in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Marchezini ◽  
Rachel Trajber ◽  
Débora Olivato ◽  
Viviana Aguilar Muñoz ◽  
Fernando de Oliveira Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Warning Systems
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