scholarly journals Territorial dimension in the internationalization of tourism destinations: Structuring factors in the post-COVID19

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Maria do Rosário Campos Mira ◽  
◽  
Lisete dos Santos Mendes Mónico ◽  
Zélia Maria de Jesus Breda ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Empirical Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Relationship

This study presents an empirical validation of a scale designed to measure the territorial factors which contribute to the internationalisation of tourism destinations. It is part of a broader investigation in which the dimensions and factors of tourism destinations’ internationalisation were identified, strengthening a systemic perspective of tourism: ‘territory’, ‘product’, ‘governance’ and ‘DMOs’. Here we present the psychometric properties of the items that operationalise the 'territorial' dimension. The questionnaire was administered to 470 Portuguese DMO with responsibilities in the areas of tourism and local or regional development. The scale items were submitted to content, reliability and construct validations through exploratory (principal component analysis) and confirmatory factor analysis (first and second-order factor structures). The data sustain a factor structure composed of the factors ‘resources’, ‘economic activity’, and ‘borders’. The relationship between political options of destinations’ internationalisation and territories’ geographical, cultural and economic characteristics were determined. This relationship forms the foundation of tourism in times of crisis, such as we are currently experiencing.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale and a Facet-Level Analysis of the Relationship Between Anhedonia and Extraversion in a Nonclinical Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 360-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Langvik ◽  
Sigrun Borgen Austad
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Social Anhedonia ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Nonclinical Sample ◽  
Physical Anhedonia ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) and look at facets of extraversion as predictors of anhedonia. SHAPS is hypothesized to be multidimensional, stable over time in a nonclinical sample, and related to extraversion on both dimension and facet level. Data collection was conducted at baseline ( N = 362) and at a 10-week follow-up ( N = 94). The structural properties of SHAPS were analyzed using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Multiple regression explored facets of extraversion as predictors of anhedonia. The results show that SHAPS is stable across time ( r = .71, p < .001), with high internal consistency (α = .89). In the principal component analysis, a two-factor model emerged (Social and Physical anhedonia). The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the two-factor model consisting of Physical anhedonia (α = .81) and Social anhedonia (α = .87) had a better fit than the one-factor model. Higher scores on Gregariousness and Positive emotions at baseline predicted higher scores on the SHAPS total and Social and Physical anhedonia ( p < .05). Lower scores on Assertiveness predicted higher scores on Social anhedonia ( p < .05). These results support the view of anhedonia as a multidimensional concept that should be regarded as a trait, rather than a state or mere bypassing symptom. The relationship between anhedonia and extroversion is best understood by applying a multidimensional approach to anhedonia and by focusing on the facet level of extroversion.

scholarly journals Measuring adolescent attitudes towards dementia: The revalidation and refinement of the A-ADS

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532095347
Author(s):  
Nicolas Farina ◽  
Alys W Griffiths ◽  
Laura J Hughes ◽  
Sahdia Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Adolescent Attitudes ◽  
Good Internal Consistency

The A-ADS is one the first validated measures of attitudes of dementia in adolescents, though further validation is needed. 630 adolescents were recruited from secondary schools in England. A Principal Component Analysis was completed ( n = 230) followed by a Confirmatory Factor Analysis ( n = 400). Reducing the A-ADS into a single factor, 13-item measure (Brief A-ADS) improved the model fit of the measure (χ2 = 182.75, DF = 65, CMIN/DF = 2.81, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.07). The scale demonstrated good internal consistency, good predictive and concurrent validity. Building on the validation of the A-ADS, the Brief A-ADS is suitable to capture attitudes towards dementia amongst adolescents.

Psychometric Properties of a New Scale Measuring Neglect and Abuse of Older Adults in the Community: Implications for Social Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Nestor Asiamah ◽  
Kyriakos Kouveliotis ◽  
Richard Eduafo ◽  
Richard Borkey
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background Neglect and abuse of older adults are still prevalent in communities of developing countries, a situation that could discourage active and healthy behaviors in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This study used the cross-sectional and correlational approaches to construct a scale measuring neglect and abuse in older adults living in the community. The study population was all (3,211) older adults who were resident in Accra and were part of the database of the Social Security and National Insurance Trust. Participants were 515 individuals who met some inclusion criteria. Three steps were followed to determine an initial set of 11 items, and principal component analysis with varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis were used to select relevant items and assess the psychometric properties of the final scale. Results Principal component analysis with varimax rotation yielded a two-factor solution on all 11 items. The first factor extracted was “discrimination and exploitation,” which accounted for a variance of 53.9% out of total variance of 70.8%. The scale had a good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .90, factor loading ≥0.50). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor solution and produced satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion It is concluded that 11 items that make up 2 factors are potential indicators of neglect and abuse of older adults at the community level. Finally, neglect and abuse of older people in the community can contribute to an increase or decrease in social activity.

Modified General Employee Well-Being Scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Winston
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Scale

Taylor et al. evaluated Dupuy's general employee well-being measurement instrument and pointed out two concerns: a combination of positive and negative item wording and two different measurement response methods. Taylor et al. collected new data, ran a principal component analysis, and found three of Dupuy's five reported scales. In this study, the author reworded Taylor et al.'s final 18 items so that all items were worded positively, used a common measurement response, and removed double-barreled wording, which Taylor et al. did not note. The author of this current chapter conducted two studies. The first study's analysis of the new data produced a single eight-item scale with Cronbach alpha of .96 that explained 77% of the variance. The second study used confirmatory factor analysis that showed a four-item scale with GFI = 0.98, AGFI = 0.89, RMSEA = 0.13, and Chi-square = 9.96, df = 9, p &lt; 0.000. The four-item scale had a Cronbach alpha of 0.86.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Skala Deception Behavior in Social Media

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Moningka ◽  
Maria Selviana
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Kemajuan teknologi Internet di dunia memunculkan fenomena baru dalam penggunaan media sosial. Media sosial tidak hanya digunakan untuk berhubungan dengan orang lain, namun juga untuk membentuk kesan yang baik, bahkan untuk melakukan manipulasi. Pengguna media sosial seringkali memanipulasi penampakan mereka di media sosial, seperti mengedit foto atau memalsukan identitas mereka. Fenomena ini termasuk dalam Deception Behavior (perilaku menipu). Meski fenomena ini sering dijumpai, belum banyak studi yang berupaya untuk mengukur kecenderungan seseorang untuk terlibat dalam perilaku menipu di media sosial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat skala Deception Behavior in Social Media berdasarkan teori Utz (2005). Partisipan penelitian adalah pengguna aktif media sosial sebanyak 457 orang di wilayah Jabodetabek dengan rentang usia 15-40 tahun. Penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan butir dan pengujian dengan menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA), dilanjutkan dengan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Sementara itu, reliabilitas diuji dengan menggunakan koefisien Cronbach’s Alpha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skala ini reliabel untuk mengukur deception behavior di media sosial.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Eight-Item Vancomycin Prescribing Confidence Questionnaire Among Junior Doctors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Liu ◽  
Zhehan Jiang ◽  
Ana Xie ◽  
Weimin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Extreme Response ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background: Assessing the preparedness of junior doctors to use vancomycin is important in medical education. Preparedness is typically evaluated by self-reported confidence surveys.Materials and Methods: An eight-item vancomycin prescribing confidence questionnaire was developed, piloted, and evaluated. The questionnaire responses were collected from 195 junior doctors and a series of statistical techniques, such as principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, and were implemented to examine the validity and reliability.Results: The principal component analysis supported a one-factor structure, which was fed into a confirmatory factor analysis model resulting in a good fit [comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.99, Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) = 0.99, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.08, standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.04]. Ordinal-based α was 0.95, and various ωs were all above 0.93, indicating a high reliability level. The questionnaire responses were further proved to be robust to extreme response patterns via item response tree modeling. Jonckheere–Terpstra test results (z = 6.5237, p = 3.429e−11) showed that vancomycin prescribing confidence differed based on the experience in order (i.e., four ordinal independent groups: “≤10 times,” “11–20 times,” “21–30 times,” and “≥31 times”) and therefore provided external validity evidences for the questionnaire.Conclusions: The questionnaire is valid and reliable such that teaching hospitals can consider using it to assess junior doctors' vancomycin prescribing confidence. Further investigation of the questionnaire can point to the relationship between the prescribing confidence and the actual performance.

scholarly journals Workshop Analisis Faktor untuk Data Penelitian Ilmu Sosial dan Kependidikan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Dhoriva Urwatul Wutsqa ◽  
Kismiantini Kismiantini ◽  
Muhammad Fauzan ◽  
Rosita Kusumawati ◽  
Sahid Sahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Kegiatan PPM ini bertujuan memberikan pelatihan penggunaan program R dan SPSS dalam penelitian data ilmu sosial dan kependidikan kepada para praktisi lulusan S1, mahasiswa pasca sarjana, dan dosen di lingkungan universitas di Yogyakarta. Penelitian dalam ilmu sosial dan kependidikan seringkali melibatkan banyak variabel yang saling berkorelasi maupun mempunyai korelasi yang tinggi, misalnya dalam pengembangan suatu instrument penelitian. Penghapusan variabel yang mempunyai korelasi tinggi bisa mengakibatkan hilangnya informasi, untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dapat digunakan analisis komponen utama (Principal Component Analysis/PCA). Sedangkan dalam hal menentukan konstruk yang sesuai dari butir-butir soal yang terbentuk dapat dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan yaitu analisis faktor eksplorasi (Exploratory Factor Analysis/EFA) dan analisis faktor konfirmasi (Confirmatory Factor Analysis/CFA). Permasalahan yang terkait dengan reduksi variabel dan pembentukan konstruk pada pengembangan instrument ini merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam penelitian ilmu sosial dan kependidikan.  Sehingga suatu metode analisis PCA, EFA, dan CFA dengan menggunakan program R dan SPSS mutlak diperlukan. Workshop yang diikuti oleh 26 peserta peserta ini dapat berjalan dengan baik. Berdasarkan pelaksanaan dan evaluasi kegiatan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tujuan dapat tercapai dengan baik.

scholarly journals Structural Validity of the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) in People With Mild to Moderate Parkinson Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1799-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Benka Wallén ◽  
Kimmo Sorjonen ◽  
Niklas Löfgren ◽  
Erika Franzén
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background The Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) is a clinical balance test comprising 14 items assumed to reflect the unidimensional construct “dynamic balance.” Objective The study objective was to examine the dimensionality of the test and the properties of each item and their interrelationships in elderly people with mild to moderate Parkinson disease (PD). Design This was a cross-sectional study in a laboratory setting. Methods A total of 112 participants (mean age=73 years) with idiopathic PD (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1–3) were assessed by physical therapists. Local independence among items was examined with Rasch modeling. Unidimensionality was tested by running a principal component analysis on the residuals. An exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the structure of the test, and a confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the fit of the derived model. Results The first residual component of the principal component analysis, with an eigenvalue of greater than 2, superseded the assumption of unidimensionality. After the omission of item 7 because of convergence problems, the exploratory factor analysis suggested that a 3-factor solution best fit the data. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable fit of the final model, although item 14 loaded poorly on its factor. Limitations The sample size was on the lower end of what is generally recommended. Conclusions This study could not confirm that the Mini-BESTest is unidimensional. Gait items were dispersed over all factors, indicating that they may reflect different constructs. Nonetheless, as there arguably is no clinical balance test superior to the Mini-BESTest today, we recommend using the total score for assessing gross balance in this population and individual items to identify specific weaknesses. Moreover, dual tasks should be assessed separately because they are an important aspect of balance control in people with PD, reflected in only one item of the test.

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