Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Anak Jalanan tentang Dismenore Primer dan Senam Dismenore di Komunitas Peduli Anak Jalanan Medan

Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as cramping pain in the lower abdomen that occurs at the start of menstruation in the absence of identifiable pelvic disease. It is one of the most common gynecological symptoms among adolescents and adult women with a prevalence of 45%-95%. Overproduction of uterine prostaglandins is the most widely accepted explanation for the pathogenesis. Excessive release of prostaglandins, especially prostaglandin F2 alpha, which is derived from endometrial secretions from menstrual fluid, is believed to cause the condition. Primary dysmenorrhea has different degrees of negative impact on women's physical, psychological and social functioning, which can result in adolescent and adult women being out of school and absent from work. The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and attitudes of street children towards primary dysmenorrhea and dysmenorrhea exercise. The research design is descriptive. The sampling technique is total sampling. The number of samples is 45 people. The sample criteria for street children are teenage girls aged 10-18 years, unmarried, already menstruating, can read and write well. Data analysis is descriptive. The results of the study obtained that the majority of street children's knowledge of adolescents was good (53.3%), dysmenorrhea intensity was moderate pain with a score range of 4-7 (68.9%) and adolescent attitudes were negative (71.1%). Knowledge of respondents still needs to be improved to form a positive attitude. It is recommended to the head of KOPA to cooperate with health workers to conduct health education about primary dysmenorrhea on a regular basis to adolescent street children.

Sikap Berhubungan dengan Tindakan Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru (AKB) Remaja

The New Habit Adaptation (AKB) policy issued by Indonesian government is a form for implementing the new normal order during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has not been optimally implemented, especially for adolescents. Several studies and current observations showed that adolescents were still not adherent to implementing health protocols. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the link between knowledge, attitudes, and AKB adolescent practice in North Sumatra. A quantitative study with cross-sectional design was applied for this research involving 246 adolescents spread over 6 (six) working areas of Primary Health Care (Puskesmas) who was determined by purposive sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire which has been tested for validity and reliability, then data were analyzed descriptively by cross-tabulation and associatively by chi-square. The results showed the behavior of implementing AKB practice by adolescents was high (60.2%), knowledge was in the high category (92.7%) and adolescent attitudes were also positively supportive (90.7%). In addition, the significance test showed that there was a link between attitude and practice (p = 0.030; POR = 2.574). However, no link appeared to exist between knowledge and practice. This research contributes for developing of AKB policy outreach interventions by stakeholders and efforts to involve youth groups in the participatory achievement of AKB policy.

UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA DALAM PENDEWASAAN USIA PERKAWINAN DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19

ABSTRAKFaktor penyebab tingginya angka pernikahan usia dini adalah rendahya pengetahuan dan pemahaman remaja, dampak pernikahan usia dini dan kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Pemahaman masyarakat tentang dampak yang akan ditimbulkan, faktor kemiskinan, faktor pendidikan, kultur sosial dan budaya serta adanya pengaruh media dan lingkungan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan sikap dan perilaku remaja. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan informasi dan edukasi kepada remaja tentang Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan (PUP) dalam merencanakan keluarga, aspek yang berhubungan dengan kehidupan berkeluarga, kesiapan fisik, mental, emosional, pendidikan, sosial, ekonomi, menentukan jumlah dan jarak kelahiran di masa Covid-19. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Lingkungan Tegal Sejahtera Kelurahan Selagalas Kecamatan Sandubaya. Metode kegiatan dengan metode ceramah dan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan. Penilaian dari pengabdian masyarakat ini dari hasil jawaban remaja dalam mengisi kuesioner pretest dan postest. Metode analisis yang digunakan dengan analisis deskriptif. Penilaian dari kuesioner pengetahuan dan sikap remaja adalah sebagian besar remaja berpengetahuan baik dan mempunyai sikap positif, namun ada 1 orang remaja yang mempunyai niat untuk melakukan pernikahan dini, ini disebabkan karena belum pernah mendapatkan informasi tentang Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan. Setelah diberikan penyuluhan tentang Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan, ada peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap pada remaja tersebut. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja serta mempunyai sikap positif dalam Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan. Kata kunci : covid-19; pengetahuan; perkawinan; remaja ABSTRACTFactors causing the high rate of early marriage are the low knowledge and understanding of adolescents, the impact of early marriage and adolescent reproductive health. Public understanding of the impact that will be caused, poverty factors, educational factors, social and cultural culture as well as the influence of the media and the environment cause changes in adolescent attitudes and behavior. The purpose of this community service is to provide information and education to teenagers about Maturation of Marriage Age (PUP) in family planning, aspects related to family life, physical, mental, emotional, educational, social, economic readiness, determining the number and spacing of births during the Covid period. -19. This activity was carried out in the Tegal Sejahtera Environment, Selagalas Village, Sandubaya District. The activity method is the lecture method and provides health education. The assessment of this community service is based on the results of the adolescents' answers in filling out the pretest and posttest questionnaires. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The assessment of the adolescent knowledge and attitude questionnaire is that most of the adolescents have good knowledge and have a positive attitude, but there is one teenager who has the intention to have an early marriage, this is because they have never received information about Marriage Age Maturity. After being given counseling about the Maturation of Marriage Age, there was an increase in the knowledge and attitudes of these teenagers. This activity succeeded in increasing the knowledge of adolescents and having a positive attitude in Maturing Marriage Age. Keywords: covid-19; knowledge; marriage; teens

PENGGUNAAN EDUKASI BOOKLET TERHADAP SIKAP REMAJA PADA PERILAKU MEROKOK

Smoking in adolescence is increasing. Prevention of smoking behavior in adolescents is needed, one of which is to predict behavior according to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). In this TPB, it is explained that individual attitudes are predictors that can influence an individual's decision to perform a behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to have an intervention that can be used to influence individual attitudes about smoking behavior in order to reduce smoking behavior, especially in adolescents. The design of this research is one group pre test-post test. Univariable analysis was used to calculate the frequency to determine the characteristics of the respondents which included gender, age, class, smoking status and age for the first time trying smoking. Bivariable analysis was used to determine differences in attitudes, before and after being given counseling using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the majority of respondents in this study were women (53.48%), the majority had an age of 17 years, which was 62.79%. The majority consisted of teenagers in class XI, which was 65.12%. In the smoking status of adolescents, it is known that the majority of adolescents do not smoke, which is 67.4%. In adolescents, it was also known that they had tried smoking for the first time, namely at the age of 13 years. In the bivariable test, there was a significant difference in adolescent attitudes towards smoking behavior between before and after counseling with a p value of 0.001 (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of education with booklets on adolescent attitudes towards smoking behavior.Keywords: booklet;education;adolescent;attitude,smoking AbstrakMerokok pada usia remaja semakin meningkat. Penanggulangan perilaku merokok pada remaja diperlukan, yang salah satu caranya adalah dengan memprediksi perilaku sesuai dengan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Dalam TPB ini dijelaskan bahwa sikap individu merupakan prediktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keputusan individu untuk melakukan perilaku. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk mempengaruhi sikap individu tentang perilaku merokok agar dapat menurunkan perilaku merokok khususnya pada remaja. Desain penelitian ini adalah one group pre test-post test. Analisa univariabel digunakan dengan melakukan perhitungan frekuensi untuk mengetahui karakteristik responden yang meliputi jenis kelamin, usia, kelas, status merokok dan usia pertama kali mencoba merokok. Analisa bivariabel digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sikap, sebelum dan setelah diberi penyuluhan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu perempuan (53,48%), mayoritas memiliki usia ≥17 tahun yaitu sebesar 62,79%., mayoritas terdiri dari remaja kelas XI yaitu 65,12%. Pada status merokok remaja diketahui bahwa mayoritas saat ini remaja tidak merokok yaitu sebesar 67,4%. Pada remaja juga diketahui bahwa mereka pernah mencoba merokok untuk pertama kali yaitu usia ≥13 tahun. Pada uji bivariabel terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada sikap remaja terhadap perilaku merokok antara sebelum dan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dengan nilai p sebesar 0,001 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu terdapat pengaruh edukasi dengan booklet terhadap sikap remaja pada perilaku merokok.

Relationship of Eating Behavior, Knowledge, Attitudes, Physical Activities, and Parent Support with Obesity Events in Adolescents in Padang City

BACKGROUND: A report from the West Sumatra Provincial Health Office in December 2017 showed increase in the percentage of overweight and obese children in the city of Padang. In 2014, overweight children amounted to 4.86% and an increase in 2016 to 6.44%. AIM: This study aimed to determine the most dominant risk factors affecting the incidence of obesity in adolescents in Padang City. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 484 respondents from 4 (four) schools, namely SMPN 26, SMPIT Adzkia, SMAN 3, and SMA Adabiah Padang in December 2019-February 2020. Data analysis used the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression tests. RESULTS: The multivariate analysis results showed that adolescents’ eating behavior variable was the most dominant factor affecting adolescents’ incidence of obesity with a significance value of p < 0.05 and Exp (B) 14.11. These results showed that adolescents who behave eat poorly at 14.11 times, have the risk of obesity more than adolescents who eat well. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent eating behavior variables can predict the incidence of obesity in adolescents together with adolescent physical activity variables, adolescent attitudes, and adolescent knowledge.

The Effect of Spiritual Guidance of Reproductive Health by Booklets on The Changes of Adolescent's sAttitudes: Dating Status In Premarital Sexual Behavior

The spiritual guidance of reproductive health and safety is oriented towards strengthening moral ​​and religious values ​​in addressing adolescent reproductive health problems with an approach on several aspects, such as preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and developmental. The booklet is a medium of guidance/learning that can attract interest and help teenagers understand the guidance material. This study aimed to determine the effect of the spiritual guidance of reproductive health care professionals by booklets on changes in adolescent attitudes towards dating status in premarital sexual behavior. A combination of qualitative and quantitative experimental research with a pre-experimental design, one group pretest-posttest, with a total sample of 26 adolescents, selected a purposive sampling technique. The spiritual guidance intervention used booklets for six meetings with 60-90 minutes each meeting within 2 months. Data were collected through pre-test and post-tests using interview sheets and Likert scale questionnaires. Data were analyzed qualitatively and statistically tests using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the sexual behavior of adolescents in dating was including holding hands, embracing the arms/shoulders and waist, hugging, kissing cheeks and lips, stroking the head, laying on the partner's thighs, and having sex with condoms. Then, from the statistical test, the negative ranks between the pre-test and post-test values were 0. Meanwhile, the positive ranks between the pre-test and post-test values indicated that 24 respondents with a positive value and a mean rank value of 13.00, and 2 respondents with a pre-post value remain the same. The Wilcoxon test shows the p-value (sig) 0.000 <0.05. Thus, the spiritual guidance of reproductive health care professionals using booklets significantly affected changes in adolescent attitudes towards dating status in premarital sexual behavior.

ATTITUDE OF YOUTH ABOUT HIV / AIDS PREVENTION AT SMA 4 KOTA BATAM

Background : According to the World Health Organization (WHO) HIV continues to be a public health problem globally, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. In Indonesia since the beginning of the HIV-AIDS epidemic, nearly 78 million people have been infected with HIV and around 39 million people have died due to HIV. Adolescence is easily carried over to bad things such as smoking, having sex, drugs, or free sex and low levels of it. reproductive health knowledge including HIV / AIDS. The purpose of this study was to determine adolescent attitudes about HIV / AIDS prevention. Method : This study used a descriptive research design. The length of the study was 6 months with a population of all class X and XI students of SMA N 4 Batam as many as 353 students, the sampling was systematic random sampling with a sample size of 77 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Result : Research results Adolescents have a positive attitude as many as 50 respondents (64.9%) and 27 respondents (35.1%) have a negative attitude. Conclusion : The conclusion is that more than half of the respondents are positive. Suggestions for the school it is suggested to be able to collaborate with the BKKBN or puskesmas to establish reproductive health services for adolescents in schools, especially on how to prevent HIV / AIDS so that early students have good attitudes and behavior towards HIV / AIDS.

YOUTH ATTITUDES ABOUT SEXUALITY AT SMA NEGERI 5 BATAM CITY

ackground : From a health point of view, adolescent sexual behavior, especially heavy kissing and sex, poses several risks, such as the spread of venereal diseases including HIV / AIDS and unwanted pregnancy. This latter problem can lead to the spread of venereal diseases including HIV / AIDS and unwanted pregnancy. The latter problem can lead to other new problems, namely abortion with all its risks, high morbidity and mortality rates, premature birth and low birth weight (Wong, 2008). The research objective was to determine the attitudes of adolescents about sexuality in SMA Negeri 5 Batam City. Method : The design that researchers use is a descriptive design that aims to find out the picture. The place of this research is confirmed at SMAN 5 Batam City. The population in this study were all students of class X, XI in SMA N 5 Batam City as many as 987 students. The sample in this study were 91 respondents. The sample selected in this study used systematic random sampling by using multiples of 6. This means that each member of the population has the same opportunity to be taken as a sample of Notoatmodjo (2010) in Vivi (2015). The measuring instrument in this study using a questionnaire, by giving a guided questionnaire. Result : Research result. Attitudes of adolescents about sexuality in SMA N 5 Batam city, it is known that the majority of adolescent attitudes have positive attitudes as many as 48 respondents (52, 9%). Congclusions : The conclusion is it is known that the majority of students' attitudes about sexuality at SMAN 5 Batam are positive as many as 48 respondents (52.7%)

Effect of Audiovisual Media Based Education on Changes in Adolescent's Attitudes Related to Cigarette Advertising

Smoking behavior among adolescents is increasing. This condition is partly influenced by the incessant advertisements for cigarettes that offer expectations that are the opposite of their impact. This study aims to determine the effect of audiovisual media-based education in the context of changing adolescent attitudes towards cigarette advertisements. The study design used was a Quasi Experiment with a Pretest-Posttest with Control Group. The research subjects were college adolescents (students) with a total of 25 people in the intervention group and 25 in the control group. Data were analyzed using dependent t test and independent t test. In the intervention group, there was a significant difference between attitudes towards cigarette advertisements before and after being given audiovisual media related to cigarette advertising in the experimental group (p = 0.010), on the other hand there was no change in attitude in the control group (p = 0.760) . However, there was no significant difference between attitudes towards cigarette advertising in the experimental and control groups (p = 0.096). Therefore, education using audiovisual media is considered more effective in increasing changes in attitudes towards cigarette advertisements. The campus is expected to reinforce and socialize regulations related to KTR and further research can conduct media pre-testing.

Intervention in the Effort of Decreasing Anemia Incidence to Students of SMA N 4 Cikupa Kabupaten Tangerang

Background: A survey conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the span of time between 1993 and 2005 found that 1.62 billion people in the world had anemia, or around 24.8% of the world's population, with 30.2% (468 million) reproductive aged women. The research is a descriptive study as a means to perform early detection of anemia in adolescent girls with interventions in the form of counseling, improve adolescent knowledge, and improve adolescent attitudes and behavior at High School or Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri (SMA N) 4 Cikupa. Method: This research is a descriptive quantitative analytic study where the sample was selected by simple random sampling. The population in this study were students of 4 Cikupa, Tangerang Regency of SMA N 4, Cikupa, Tangerang Regency. Results: The results of the study were (97.72%) respondents had increased their knowledge after counseling and (72.72%) respondents had improved their behavior and attitudes toward anemia. Participants (25%) were diagnosed with anemia and (75%) did not have anemia. Conclusion: improved knowledge is an important factor in reducing the prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls.