Glutathione redox system, immune status, antioxidant enzymes and metabolism of purine nucleotides in hypothyroidism

The immune status, components of the glutathione redox system, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and metabolism of purine nucleotides have been investigated in animals with experimental hypothyroidism. On day 8 after an increase in the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, T-helpers and T-suppressors as well as increased number of B-lymphocytes was found in blood of thyroidectomized rats. This was accompanied by decreased activity of adenosine deaminase (AD), AMP-deaminase (AMPD), and 5'-nucleotidase (5'N) in blood, but the ratio of enzyme activity AD/AMPD increased. These changes in the activity of enzymes, involved in purine catabolism can beregarded as increased functional relationships between T and B lymphocytes in hypothyroidism. The functional changes of immune system cells were accompanied by increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and the ratio GH/GPx. Thyroidectomized rats had increased amounts of total, oxidized (GSSG) and reduced glutathione (GSH), but the ratio GSH/GSSG decerased as compared with control animals. In the liver, hypothyroidism resulted in activation of SOD, GPx, decreased activity of GR and decreased ratio GR/GPx. At the same time, the levels of total, oxidized, and reduced glutathione increased, but the ratio GSH/GSSG as well as activities of enzymes involved in purine nucleotide metabolism ratio (and their ratio 5'N/AD + AMPD) decreased. All these data suggest a functional relationship of the glutathione redox system not only with antioxidant enzymes, but also activity of enzymes involved purine nucleotide metabolism and immune status.

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Effect of supplementation with methionine and different fat sources on the glutathione redox system of growing chickens

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.52.2004.3.12 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Katalin Németh ◽

M. Mézes ◽

T. Gaál ◽

Á. Bartos ◽

K. Balogh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Redox System ◽

Corn Germ ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽

Glutathione Redox System ◽

Corn Germ Oil ◽

Glutathione Redox

The effect of supplementary methionine and fats of different saturation levels on the glutathione redox system of growing broiler cockerels was studied. The diet of three groups of chicks was supplemented with corn germ oil, beef tallow and fish oil at the levels of 30 g/kg and 50 g/kg of feed, respectively. The diet of further three groups was supplemented with methionine (5 g/kg of feed) in addition to the different fat sources. Control chicks were fed with a compound feed without methionine and fat supplementation. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) content as well as glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver were determined and GSH/GSSG ratio was calculated at day old and then at one and three weeks of age. Our results indicate that supplementary methionine stimulates both the synthesis of the glutathione redox system and glutathione peroxidase activity in growing chickens in the first period of postnatal life, when the risk of lipid peroxidation is high due to feeding unsaturated fats in the diet.

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Features of influence adenosine, AMP and hyperadrenalinemiya on the immune status, metabolic enzymes of purine nucleotides and the antioxidant defense system

Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya ◽

10.18097/pbmc20166206645 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 645-649 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S.O. Tapbergenov ◽

B.S. Sovetov ◽

A.T. Tapbergenov

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Glutathione Reductase ◽

Large Dose ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Nucleotide Metabolism ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Purine Nucleotides ◽

Activity Of Enzymes ◽

Purine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽

T Helpers

Administration of a large dose of adrenaline (4 mg/kg 60 min before analysis) increased blood levels of total leukocytes, lymphocytes, decreased T-cell suppressors, leukocyte migration inhibition reaction (LMIR) and NBT test, but increased the level of conjugated dienes (CD). Administration of AMPand adenosine increased levels of total leukocytes, lymphocytes, T- lymphocytes, T-helpers, decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), LMIR, and T-cell suppressors. Sympathetic hyperactivation induced by administration of a large dose of adrenaline (4 mg/kg 60 min before analysis) was accompanied by an increase in heart and liver activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, AMP deaminase (AMPD), and adenosine deaminase (AD). Administration of AMP or adenosine caused a decrease in activities of glutathione reductase (GR), GPx, catalase, a decrease in the MDA level and an increase in activities of AMPD and AD in the heart. In the liver AMP and adenosine also caused a decrease in activities of glutathione reductase (GR), GPx, a decrease in the MDA level and an increase in activities of AMPD and AD. The data obtained suggest that administration of adrenaline, AMP, and adenosine influences activity of enzymes involved in purine nucleotide metabolism. However, in contrast to adrenaline, administration of AMP or adenosine does not provoke stress reaction.

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Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Glutathione Redox System in Blood of Human Poisoning with Propoxur

Clinical Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/s0009-9120(00)00179-x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 683-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Vandana Seth ◽

Basu D Banerjee ◽

Abhijit Bhattacharya ◽

Asit K Chakravorty

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Redox System ◽

Glutathione Redox System ◽

Human Poisoning ◽

Glutathione Redox

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Role of glutathione redox system on the susceptibility to deoxynivalenol of pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)

Toxicological Research ◽

10.1007/s43188-019-00006-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 175-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Csaba Fernye ◽

Zsolt Ancsin ◽

Márta Erdélyi ◽

Miklós Mézes ◽

Krisztián Balogh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Redox System ◽

Phasianus Colchicus ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽

Glutathione Redox System ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Glutathione Redox

AbstractThere are only a few reports on the effects of mycotoxins on pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and the susceptibility to deoxynivalenol of these birds have never been reported before. The present experiment focuses to investigate the effects of different dietary concentrations of deoxynivalenol on blood plasma protein content, some parameters of lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system and on the performance of pheasant chicks. A total of 320 1-day-old female pheasants were randomly assigned to four treatment groups fed with a diet contaminated with deoxynivalenol (control, 5.11 mg/kg, 11.68 mg/kg and 16.89 mg/kg). Birds were sacrificed at early (12, 24 and 72 h) and late (1, 2 and 3 weeks) stages of the experiment to demonstrate the oxidative stress-inducing effect of deoxynivalenol. Feed refusal was dose dependent, especially in the last third of the trial, but only minor body weight gain decrease was found. Lipid-peroxidation parameters did not show dose-dependent effect, except in blood plasma during the early stage of the trial. The glutathione redox system, reduced glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity, was activated in the liver, but primarily in the blood plasma. Glutathione peroxidase activity has changed parallel with reduced glutathione concentration in all tissues. Comparing our results with literature data, pheasants seem to have the same or higher tolerance to deoxynivalenol than other avian species, and glutathione redox system might contribute in some extent to this tolerance, as effective antioxidant defence against oxidative stress.

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