scholarly journals The Impact of Green Buildings on Energy Consumption in Some Middle East Countries (Arabic Union)

Author(s):  
Mahmod Tayb M. Yahya
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwasegun Babatunde Adekoya ◽  
Joshua Kolade Olabode

Abstract The need to maintain quality environment despite the increasing human activity and pressure on energy resources remains a topical issue in the field of Environmental Economics. However, we observe that the impact of energy consumption on ecological footprint in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) has not received keen attention in the literature. This study thus delves into the nexus for the country group. For a more robust policy bearing, we partition the countries into Middle-East and non-Middle-East members because of their huge energy supply and consumption differences. Summarizing the results, energy consumption increases environmental degradation across all samples. However, despite the Middle-East countries being the highest per capita energy consumers, their energy consumption contributes less to environmental degradation compared to the non-Middle-East countries. For completeness, we report the long-run country-specific estimates and find that only in Congo is environmental quality enhanced by energy consumption.


The article deals with the analyze of the trends and problems of tourism development in the Middle East, tourist resources of the countries of this region, trends of inbound, outbound and domestic tourism in the region, categories of tourists, and the main problems of tourism development in the region. «Arab Spring» has led to a sharp fall in popularity of the Middle East as a tourist destination. The subject of the article is the definition of key issues and the study of the impact of political instability in the countries of the Middle East on the trends of tourism development in the region. The purpose is to determine the impact of political instability on trends in the development and formation of tourist flows in the Middle East. Objectives: the study of the main problems that led to the decline of the region's popularity, as well as problems hampering the development of tourism and the overall potential in the countries of the region. In the course of the study, the following general scientific methods were used: using systematic analysis the trends and problems of tourism development in the countries of the Middle East were considered; using the comparative-historical method the influence of political events on the tourism development of the region was investigated; using statistical analysis for the study of tourist flows in the countries of the region. The following results were received: the acts of terrorism, the war and radicalism of some religious communities, led to the outflow of tourists, damage to world-famous historical monuments and the death of tourists, which eventually led to the loss of the region of its former potential. Conclusions: At present, the main problem hampering the development of tourism in the Middle East is the political situation in the region, which affects not only the countries in which the war, but also the neighboring country.


Author(s):  
Farid Shirazi ◽  
Dolores Añón Higón ◽  
Roya Gholami

This chapter investigates the impact of inward and outward FDI on ICT diffusion in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East regions for the period 1996-2008. The results indicate that while inward FDI has generally had a positive and significant impact on ICT diffusion in Asia-Pacific economies, its impact on the Middle Eastern countries has been detrimental. In contrast, the results of this study also show that outward FDI has had, in general, the inverse effect, it has been in general positive and significant for the Middle East countries but insignificant for Asia-Pacific economies.


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Nouf Saud Al-Maatouk ◽  
Mohamed Kama

Aim: The present study aims to demonstrate the passive and active impact for the regional role of Qatar which played heavily on the Middle East countries through the limitations and capabilities possessed by the performance of this regional role towards the countries of the region's issues that could be detrimental to the strategic interests. Methodology: The researcher fellowed a descriptive analytical methodology for description and analysis of a scientific phenomenon of Qatar's role on the Middle East countries through the limitations and capabilities possessed by the performance of this regional role towards the countries of the region's issues that could be detrimental to the strategic interests. Results: The current study has revealed 3 main points: 1st The national policy regional and international roles selectors are not in accordance with the standards of the international force generally accepted in the political and strategic doctrine, 2nd The Consequent obligations calculated in the framework of the competition between the major powers, but according to the size of the state in terms of the location, population and limited capabilities in the regional competition and 3rd was that Physical force, and political statesmanship can be substituted in the diplomatic game management, all the way to the strategic goals and the task of maintaining the state and its political system that burgles them, not by the big powers, but by competing regional powers to dominate the region. Conclusion: Qatar plays a key role in the Middle East region. This role mainly connected to the size of determinants, elements, and potentials, which constitute the elements of the State of Qatar's power. The size of the impact of the State's role could be expected, according to the tasks have been undertaken by the State, which depend on the potentials of the state.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-259
Author(s):  
Harem Hasan Ahmad ◽  
Ribwar Khalid Mustafa ◽  
Ibrahim Ali Salim

Following the end of World War II, and emerging of a vacuum after the withdrawal of British and French forces from some of the Middle East countries in the region, creating fear in Western countries, particularly the United States, that the Eastern Bloc, in particular Russia, would seek to fill the vacuum and spread the idea of leftism and communism in the region. For this reason, the United States has made every effort to confront the idea of communism and establish a foothold in the region among its policies. To this end, then US President Harry Truman announced his country's new policy in the context of the Truman project on the Middle East in (1945). Following Harry Truman, when Eisenhower assumed power as the new US president in (1953), he put forward the new policy of his country named Eisenhower’s Dwight in Congress in order to confront Russian politics and infiltrate communist thought in the area. There were several items in his project that emphasized the cooperation of Middle Eastern countries, especially in the economic and military fields.       The Eisenhower’s Dwight has had a variety of reactions from countries in the region, especially Arab countries. Some have accepted it from the very beginning. Some also expressed opposition to the project. There were also countries that initially opposed the Eisenhower project, but after a period of time following US efforts and pressure, eventually endorsed the project and became a fan of the US. As a result of these political divisions in the region, several political and military alliances between the countries of the Middle East Were formed. The idea of Nasser and the idea of Arab nationalism come to life at this time. Although originally favored by the Eastern Bloc, especially Russia, it also partially weakened the notion of communism and was about to cause tension between proponents of these two ideas. This situation had nothing in fact to do other than destabilizing the political state and the occurrence of several coups in order to change the regime of some of Middle Eastern countries, besides the long sovereignty of some Arab rulers.Regarding the Soveit Union attitude towards the Eisenhower’s doctrine, it can be seen that,the Soveit Union ctitisized  by the Soviet authorities from internal and external the SoveitUnbion.For instance the The Soveit Union attempted to gain extermal allies among the Middle Middle Eastren countries to convince them this doctrine is a part previous imperliams that supported by Westren countries.Finally,in the United Nation,The Soveit attempted to make a campaign to remove this doctrine as it mention a therat of world peace.


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