scholarly journals Effect of Organic and Inorganic-P Fertilizer Applications on Nitrogen Fixation and Yield of Three Mungbean Varieties in the Central of Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatprawee Dechjiraratthanasiri ◽  
Jiraporn Inthasan ◽  
Choochad Santasup
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
P Fertilizer

Relationship of soil phosphorus fractions to phosphorus soil tests and fertilizer response

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. McKenzie ◽  
E. Bremer
Keyword(s):  
Available P ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Test P

Soil tests for available P may not be accurate because they do not measure the appropriate P fraction in soil. A sequential extraction technique (modified Hedley method) was used to determine if soil test P methods were accurately assessing available pools and if predictions of fertilizer response could be improved by the inclusion of other soil P fractions. A total of 145 soils were analyzed from field P fertilizer experiments conducted across Alberta from 1991 to 1993. Inorganic P (Pi) removed by extraction with an anion-exchange resin (resin P) was highly correlated with the Olsen and Kelowna-type soil test P methods and had a similar relationship with P fertilizer response. No appreciable improvement in the fit of available P with P fertilizer response was achieved by including any of the less available P fractions in the regression of P fertilizer response with available P. Little Pi was extractable in alkaline solutions (bicarbonate and NaOH), particularly in soils from the Brown and Dark Brown soil zones. Alkaline fractions were the most closely related to resin P, but the relationship depended on soil zone. Inorganic P extractable in dilute HCl was most strongly correlated with soil pH, reflecting accumulation in calcareous soils, while Pi extractable in concentrated acids (HCl and H2SO4) was most strongly correlated with clay concentration. A positive but weak relationship as observed between these fractions and resin P. Complete fractionation of soil P confirmed that soil test P methods were assessing exchangeable, plant-available P. Key words: Hedley phosphorus fractionation, resin, Olsen, Kelowna

Organic management and legume presence maintained phosphorus bioavailability in a 17-year field crop experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Gallaher ◽  
Sieglinde S. Snapp
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Term Management

AbstractLegumes have been shown to enhance bioavailability of phosphorus (P) from sparingly soluble pools, yet this functional trait remains underutilized in agriculture, and is untested at decadal scales. Management and legume presence effects on temporal soil properties were evaluated in a 17-year field crop experiment using soil samples collected in 1992, 2000 and 2006. Management systems compared included: (1) conventional corn–soybean–wheat rotation (C–S–W), (2) organic (C–S–W+red clover), (3) alfalfa and (4) early successional field. To evaluate the effects of long-term management versus recent management (residues and P fertilizer) on P and bio-availability to soybean, subplots of soybean were established with and without P-fertilizer (30 kg P ha−1), and compared to subplots and main plot with the long-term system. We evaluated soil properties (C, total P, Bray extractable inorganic P, particulate organic matter phosphorus) and soybean P uptake, biomass and yield. Recent fertilizer P inputs had no detectable influence on soil P, and total soil P stayed stable at ~350 mg P kg−1, whereas inorganic P (Pi) declined from an initial value of 54 to an average of 35 mg P kg−1. A P balance was constructed and showed a net loss of −96.7 kg P ha−1 yr−1 for the organic system, yet Bray-Pi and soybean P uptake were maintained under organic production at similar levels to the conventional, fertilized system. Particulate organic matter P was 57, 82 and 128% higher in organic, alfalfa and successional treatments, respectively, compared to conventional. A similar pattern was observed for soil C, soybean yield and bioavailable P, which were 20–50% higher in the organic, alfalfa and successional systems relative to conventional. This study provides evidence that long-term management history influences bioavailability of P.

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic Matter (Centrosema pubescens) and Rock Phosphate Application on the Activity of Phosphatase and P Fraction of Latosol Soil in Darmaga, Bogor

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
S Djuniwati ◽  
H.B Pulunggono ◽  
Suwarno .
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Available P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Fraction

One of the problems of acid soils such as Latosol is very low in P-availabi/ity due to high P-j'vcation in those soils. Sincesoils is deficiency of P, adaptation of plants and microorganisms to overcome deficiency of P in soil is by producing phosphatase. Phosphatase. is an enzyme that able to catalize transformation of organic P to inorganic P, and produced by plant roots, residual of plants and microorganisms. Organic mailer as a source of P besides N and energy formicroorganisms, and then rock phosphate as an alternative P fertilizer were used in this research. The objective of theresearch was to study the effect of organic matter (Centrocema pubescent) and rock phosphate application on phosphataseactivity and P fraction of Latosol soil from Darmaga, Bogor. The experiment was designed by completely randomized designwith two factors and three replications. The first factor was application of organic matter with the rate of 0, 2.5, and 5 %, and the second factor was application of rock phosphate with the rate of 0, 20, and 40 ppm P. Soil equivalent to four hundred grams of oven dried soil, organic matter, and rock phosphate were mixed based on the treatments of the experiment, and were placed in plastic pots, and then were incubated for 8 weeks period After incubation period, the soil were air dried and analyzed for phosphatase activity, available P, and organic and inorganic P. The result showed that organic mailer increased activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase, organic and inorganic-P of soil. On the other hand, rocle phosphate increased inorganic P but decreased activities of acid phosphatase,. Application of organic matter or rock phosphate on activity of acid phosphatase was higher (2.3-2.6 times) than on alkaline phosphatase. There was no effect of combinationbetween organic matter and rock phosphate on the activity of phosphatase and organic/inorganic P. Combination betweenorganic matter and rock phosphate Significantly affected available P. In each rates of rock phosphate given, the increasing rate of organic matter increased available P in their interactions, on the contrary, in each rates of organic matter, the increasing rate of rock phosphate did not affect available P in their interactions. However it was tended to decrease in therate of 40 ppm P.

scholarly journals Effect of long term fertilization on phosphorus dynamics in root zone environment under finger millet - Maize cropping sequence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383-1389
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvi K. ◽  
D. Jayanthi ◽  
P. Santhy ◽  
M. Gnanachitra ◽  
B. Gokila
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
High Stage ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble P

In an agro-ecosystem, phosphorus (P) is found in organic and an inorganic form which includes soluble P, sorbed P and mineral bounded P. In soil, added P sources undergo various soil processes like mineralization, immobilization, precipitation, weathering, dissolution, sorption and desorption. For understanding the P dynamics in clay loam (Vertic Ustropept) soil, the present study was undertaken in P dynamics under rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere environment of maize in Long Term Fertilizer Experiment at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. The results revealed that the fractions of various pools of inorganic NaOH extractable Fe - P, H2SO4 extractable Ca- P, NH4F extractable Al- P, NH4Cl extractable Saloid P and Na citrate - Dithionate extractable Reductant soluble P were dominant in the non-rhizospheric soil than rhizospheric environment. The order of inorganic P fractions in the non-rhizospheric and rhizospheric region of the soil was found as Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Reductant soluble-P > Saloid P and the knee-high stage of the non - rhizosphere soil recorded the highest inorganic as well organic P fractions. Irrespective of P fractions, Ca – P was recorded high (192.5 &  186.7 mg kg-1 ) followed by Fe - P (40.8& 34.9 mg kg-1) at a knee-high stage in non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere, respectively. Practising various nutrient management systems, application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer along with FYM @ 10 t ha-1 (T8) recorded significant changes in all inorganic (Ca-P, Fe-P, Al-P, Reductant soluble-P, Saloid P), organic fractions and also Total P followed by 150% NPK (T3) in sandy clay loam soil. Nowadays, increasing demand for P fertilizer in India, judicious use of P fertilizer is important. Despite that, intensively cultivated soils have a lot of P reserves like organic and inorganic P pools and effective way of P transformation management could reduce the quantum of P fertilization in soil.

scholarly journals Combining Seed Dressing and Foliar Applications of Phosphorus Fertilizer Can Give Similar Crop Growth and Yield Benefits to Soil Applications Together With Greater Recovery Rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Talboys ◽  
John R. Healey ◽  
Paul J. A. Withers ◽  
Tiina Roose ◽  
Anthony C. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
P Fertilizers

Phosphorus (P) fertilizers have a dramatic effect on agricultural productivity, but conventional methods of application result in only limited recovery of the applied P. Given the increasing volatility in rock phosphate prices, more efficient strategies for P fertilizer use would be of economic and environmental benefit in the drive for sustainable intensification. This study used a combination of controlled-environment experiments and radioisotopic labeling to investigate the fertilizer use efficiency of a combination of seed (grain) dressing and foliar applications of P to spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Radioisotopic labeling showed that the application of foliar P in the presence of photosynthetic light substantially increased both P-uptake into the leaf and P-mobilization within the plant, especially when an adjuvant was used. When compared with soil application of inorganic P buried into the rooting zone, a combination of a 3 μmol seed dressing and three successive 46.3 μmol plant−1 foliar applications were far more efficient at providing P fertilization benefits in P-limiting conditions. We conclude that a combination of seed dressing and foliar applications of P is potentially a better alternative to conventional soil-based application, offering greater efficiency in use of applied P both in terms of P-uptake rate and grain yield. Further work is required to evaluate whether these results can be obtained under a range of field conditions.

scholarly journals Lower nodule biomass with increased nitrogenase efficiency in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings when grown under low soil phosphorus conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay A. McCulloch ◽  
Stephen Porder
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Nodule Biomass ◽  
P Fertilizer

AbstractSymbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation is the largest non-anthropogenic N input to many terrestrial ecosystems. The energetic expense of symbiotic N fixation suggests soil phosphorus (P) availability may regulate symbiotic nitrogen fixation directly through nodule development and function, and/or indirectly through plant growth. Since P availability is heterogenous in the landscape, we sought to understand if symbiotic nitrogen fixation responds to both P availability and heterogeneity. To test how P availability affects symbiotic nitrogen fixation, we grew Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings under high (8.1 g P m−2) and low (0.2 g P m−2) conditions. Soil P heterogeneity was simulated by splitting roots into soil patches receiving P or no-P fertilizer. At the whole plant level, P availability limited seedling and nodule biomass. However, the low P treatment had higher nitrogenase efficiency (acetylene reduced (AR) g−1 nodule; a nodule efficiency proxy). High P seedlings had significantly more root and nodule biomass in the patches directly receiving P fertilizer, but patch proliferation was absent in the low P treatment. AR g−1 seedling did not differ between P treatments, suggesting P indirectly limited symbiotic nitrogen fixation through plant growth, rather than directly limiting symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This relatively consistent AR g−1 seedling across treatments demonstrates the ability of seedlings to respond to low P conditions with increased nitrogenase efficiency.

scholarly journals Temperature Effects on Phosphorus Release from a Biosolids-Amended Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Silveira ◽  
George A. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
P Removal ◽  
Amended Soil

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of temperature on the potential leachable P pool and distribution of chemical P forms in a biosolids-amended soil. A P-deficient Spodosol was incubated with seven biosolids and inorganic P fertilizer at 20 and 32°C for 90 days. Amendments were applied to provide a total P concentration of 112 mg kg−1soil, which correspond to a field application of~224 kg P ha−1. Cumulative P mass leached during the 90 d study for any P source was <2% of the applied P, but greater cumulative P mass was released from the biological P removal and composted biosolids than from the heat-dried materials. Increasing temperature (20 to 32°C) generally decreased cumulative P mass leached, suggesting greater soil affinity to retain P at 32°C than at 20°C. In a static incubation experiment (no leaching), soil water-extractable P concentrations were reduced over time, but no temperature effect was observed. Similarly, P distribution among the various fractions was not affected by temperature. The relatively great ability of the soil to sorb P masked differences in biosolids properties and the potential impacts of temperature on P lability. Additional work using low P-sorbing soils is warranted.

Improving soil phosphorus supply and wheat yield with manure-amended phosphate fertilizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akhtar ◽  
Wasiq Ikram ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Sundas Yousaf ◽  
Syed M. Waqas Gillani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
P Use Efficiency ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractMixing of phosphate fertilizer with farmyard manure (FYM) is a simple technique for optimizing phosphorus (P) availability and then improving the productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in alkaline calcareous soils. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and phosphoric acid (PA) were applied to soil at 36 mg P kg−1, either as sole or after amending 1-g P fertilizer with 2-g FYM (1:2, w/w basis). After 45-day incubation, concentration of P ions in the soil solution (Cp) and exchangeable P present in soil solid (E-value) were determined to evaluate the amount of total plant-available pool. The FYM-amended fertilizers, i.e., PA+FYM and DAP+FYM, showed higher E-values, i.e., 114 and 97 mg kg−1 soil, respectively. Similarly, PA+FYM exhibited the highest proportion of P derived from fertilizer (Pdff = 51.5%) and induced the highest P uptake by wheat seedlings (L-value = 72.1 mg kg−1). Consequently, PA+FYM and DAP+FYM treatments caused higher grain yield and P-use efficiency. The regression analysis revealed strong and positive correlation between L-value and grain yield (r = 0.86), biomass production (r = 0.84) and P-use efficiency (r = 0.87) by wheat crop. Results suggested that FYM-amended inorganic P fertilizer can be a promising technique to optimize supply of P from soil, improve efficiency of inorganic P fertilizers, and improve wheat yield in alkaline calcareous soils.

scholarly journals Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iggy Litaor ◽  
James Ippolito ◽  
Iris Zohar ◽  
Michael Massey
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
X Ray ◽  
P Fertilizer

Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.

scholarly journals Phosphorus bioavailability in soybean grown after pasture under different fertility regimes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Diogo Néia Eberhardt ◽  
Thierry Becquer ◽  
Robélio Leandro Marchão ◽  
Pedro Rodolfo Vendrame ◽  
Lourival Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Residual P ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Pasture Fertilization ◽  
P Bioavailability

The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of phosphorus (P) fertilizer applied to an Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk pasture on the P bioavailability to the following soybean crop. Low-productivity pasture, planted on an Oxisol in an experimental field at Embrapa Cerrados, was divided into three strips, each of 1.5 ha and fertilized by broadcasting annual applications of 0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 of P2O5 for four years. After the pasture was desiccate with herbicide, soybeans were sown and fertilized with 0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1 of P2O5 applied within each strip, making a total of nine (3x3) P treatments. Residual available P content (Mehlich-1 and resin) from the pasture fertilization was lower than from soybean fertilization. However, the bioavailable residual P from the pasture, determined by P accumulated in plants, production of dry matter and grain yield, had similar availability to inorganic P applied to the soybean. Early P fertilization applied to pasture is technically feasible and can be used to maintain the pasture: it is recommended to replace corrective fertilization for following soybean crops.

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