scholarly journals Aberrant immunophenotypic expressions in acute lymphoid leukemia: an observational analytical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Monica Sivakumar ◽  
Atoshi Basu
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Flow Cytometry Analysis ◽  
T Antigens ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Antigens ◽  
Molecular Abnormality

Background: This study aims to find out the expression of aberrant immunophenotypic markers in acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) and to co-relate its expression with cytogenetic and molecular data.Methods: Retrospective cum prospective study was carried out in 75 patients of ALL who presented to Apollo Gleneagles hospitals, Kolkata from January 2014 and March 2019. Flow cytometry analysis was done using FC500 (Beckman coulter) All cases were classified according to latest WHO classification.Results: Out of 75 cases of ALL, 23 cases (30.67%) showed aberrant cross-lineage expression. Amongst the B-ALL cases, the most common aberrant antigen expressed were myeloid antigens 17 cases (77.27%). Aberrant T- antigens were noted in 4 cases (18.10%). Aberrant co-positivity of myeloid as well as T-antigens was seen in 1 case (4.54%). The most common aberrant myeloid antigen expressed was CD33 (77.7%) followed by CD13 (22.2%) and then CD15 (11.1%). Co-positivity of CD13 and CD33 was noted in 2 cases. CD2 and CD33 co-positivity was noted in 1 case. The most frequently expressed aberrant T-antigen was CD2 seen in 3 out of 5 cases (60%).Conclusions: In B-ALL, the most common aberration was myeloid antigen positivity followed by cross-lineage T-antigen expression. Aberrant CD33 expression was most frequently associated with t(9;22) followed by t(12;21).  Aberrant CD15 was most frequently associated with t(4;11).  No association with adverse hematological parameters or any significant increase in cytogenetic and molecular abnormality was noted in cases expressing aberrant antigen in comparison to cases not expressing aberrant antigens. 

scholarly journals Does EIF2S3 Retrogene Activation Regulate Cancer/Testis Antigen Expression in Human Cancers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rohozinski ◽  
Creighton L. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
T Antigens ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Specific Pathway ◽  
Cancer Testis

Cancer/Testis (C/T) antigens are a group of antigens, expressed in almost all types of cancers, which can elicit an immune response in patients whose cancers express these antigens. They are currently of great interest as targets for the development of cancer biomarkers and the creation of immunotherapies that directly target tumors in patients. Currently there are 280 C/T antigens and their variants listed on the C/T antigen data base. All known C/T antigens are encoded for by genes which are normally only expressed in the male testis; specifically during the process of spermatogenesis. They are therefore only expressed in germ cells that are in the process of differentiating into sperm. Expression of C/T antigens in tumors is thus a biological anomaly as, with the exception of germ cell tumors, cancers arise from somatic tissues which are not known to express any of the genes specifically involved in spermatogenesis. How and why C/T antigens are expressed in tumors remains an enigma. In this paper we present a hypothesis which proposes a mechanism for the activation of C/T antigen encoding genes in tumors. We propose that aberrant activation of the human autosomal retrogene, EIF2S3B, which regulates initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis in males, is responsible for C/T expression. Because both male and females have tumors that express C/T antigens activation of spermatogenesis genes in tumors must involve a non-sex specific pathway. This can be explained by the copy number of EIF2S3 genes uniquely present within the human genome.

scholarly journals Artesunate Affects T Antigen Expression and Survival of Virus-Positive Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavishya Sarma ◽  
Christoph Willmes ◽  
Laura Angerer ◽  
Christian Adam ◽  
Jürgen C. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
T Antigens ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Proliferative Effect

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and highly aggressive skin cancer with frequent viral etiology. Indeed, in about 80% of cases, there is an association with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV); the expression of viral T antigens is crucial for growth of virus-positive tumor cells. Since artesunate—a drug used to treat malaria—has been reported to possess additional anti-tumor as well as anti-viral activity, we sought to evaluate pre-clinically the effect of artesunate on MCC. We found that artesunate repressed growth and survival of MCPyV-positive MCC cells in vitro. This effect was accompanied by reduced large T antigen (LT) expression. Notably, however, it was even more efficient than shRNA-mediated downregulation of LT expression. Interestingly, in one MCC cell line (WaGa), T antigen knockdown rendered cells less sensitive to artesunate, while for two other MCC cell lines, we could not substantiate such a relation. Mechanistically, artesunate predominantly induces ferroptosis in MCPyV-positive MCC cells since known ferroptosis-inhibitors like DFO, BAF-A1, Fer-1 and β-mercaptoethanol reduced artesunate-induced death. Finally, application of artesunate in xenotransplanted mice demonstrated that growth of established MCC tumors can be significantly suppressed in vivo. In conclusion, our results revealed a highly anti-proliferative effect of the approved and generally well-tolerated anti-malaria compound artesunate on MCPyV-positive MCC cells, suggesting its potential usage for MCC therapy.

Comparative patterns of i-antigen expression, F-cell frequency and Hb A2 level in acute myeloid leukemia and in acute lymphoid leukemia

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213
Author(s):  
Frank Feuilhade ◽  
Ugo Testa ◽  
William Vainchenker ◽  
Annie Henri ◽  
Hoi Ton That ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Cell Frequency ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

AC133 Antigen Expression Is Not Restricted to Acute Myeloid Leukemia Blasts But Is Also Found on Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Blasts and on a Subset of CD34+ B-Cell Precursors

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 832-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jörg Bühring ◽  
Martina Seiffert ◽  
Anke Marxer ◽  
Burkhard Weiß Christoph Faul ◽  
Lothar Kanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
B Cell Precursors ◽  
Acute Myeloid

AC133 Antigen Expression Is Not Restricted to Acute Myeloid Leukemia Blasts But Is Also Found on Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Blasts and on a Subset of CD34+ B-Cell Precursors

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 832-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jörg Bühring ◽  
Martina Seiffert ◽  
Anke Marxer ◽  
Burkhard Weiß Christoph Faul ◽  
Lothar Kanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
B Cell Precursors ◽  
Acute Myeloid

WBC-reduced blood transfusions and clinical outcome in children with acute lymphoid leukemia

Transfusion ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Rios ◽  
David N. Korones ◽  
Joanna M. Heal ◽  
Neil Blumberg
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia

Transformation of hamster embryo cells by chymotrypsin-treated and untreated polyoma virus: characterization of transformants

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Vera Chlumecky ◽  
Donald C. Stranks ◽  
John S. Colter
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Large T Antigen ◽  
T Antigens ◽  
Hamster Embryo Cells ◽  
Embryo Cells

The ability of chymotrypsin-treated (chymo+) and untreated (chymo−) polyoma virus to transform cultured hamster embryo fibroblasts was examined. The data show that exposure to this protease reduces the ability of the virus to transform non-permissive cells to essentially the same extent as it reduces its ability to replicate in permissive cells. Twenty-five lines of transformed cells were established from colonies growing in soft agar, and after 20 in vitro passages, cells of all lines were characterized with respect to their ability to form colonies in soft agar and their tumorigenicity in hamsters. While the studies showed that there are striking differences among the lines with respect to colony-forming ability, and real, though less striking differences in tumorigenicity, they failed to reveal any obvious differences between the groups of cell lines transformed by chymo− and chymo+ polyoma virus. Of 13 lines examined, all were found to express both middle and small polyoma T antigens, none express significant levels of large T antigen, and 11 express some form of what is probably a truncated large T antigen, the most common species having a molecular weight of 67 000.

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