The reliability of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid swelling

Background: For a thyroid swelling, FNAC is the primary investigation. In most of the lesions, after excision, the Histopathology remains the same, but at times a few surprises do occur when FNAC reported benign lesions are found to be malignant on histopathology. The study aims to find reliability of FNAC in diagnosing Thyroid Lesions.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 111 patients with thyroid swelling attending IIMSR, Medical College, Jalna during a period of two years. These patients with thyroid lesions were subjected to FNAC and then following the surgery correlated with the histopathology report.Results: Majority of the patients were in the age group of 30-50 years with female predominance. Out of 111 patients studied with FNAC, 1 sample was inadequate. Among remaining 110 cases 99 were benign thyroid lesions, 6 were malignant and 5 were highly suspicious of malignancy. HPE of thyroid specimen confirmed 101 cases as benign and 9 cases as malignant. Case in which inadequate material was obtained on FNAC was not included in study.Conclusions: FNAC is about 98.18 % reliable in diagnosing thyroid lesions. FNAC is easy, reliable and accurate investigation for all thyroid swellings.

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Cytopathological Evaluation of Thyroid Lesions Based on Bethesda System in Patients Attending Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v22i4.34194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 260-265

Author(s):

Neeta Kafle ◽

B Koirala ◽

SU Kafle ◽

M Singh ◽

A Sinha

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Medical College ◽

Bethesda System ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Thyroid Lesions

More than 50% of the world’s population has at least a thyroid nodule. Detail clinical examination and radiology may help in diagnosing thyroid lesions but the management depends upon the cytopathological diagnosis. Optimum use of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and better understanding of cytomorphological characteristic of thyroid lesions by using Bethesda system, triaging of patients who are to be treated medically or surgically is more accurate. The objective of this present study is cytopathological evaluation of thyroid lesions based on Bethesda System in patients attending Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The objective was also to correlate the cytological findings with histopathological findings where ever possible. A total of 104 patients with thyroid lesions underwent fine needle aspiration cytology in a period of a year (September 1, 2019 to August 31, 2020). Cytological features were evaluated and classified according to the Bethesda system. Histopathological features were evaluated and correlated wherever available. Among 104 patients with thyroid lesions 93 were female and 11 were male. Four cases turned out to be non diagnostic, 85 benign, three Atypia of undetermined significance, three Suspicious for follicular neoplasm and eight Suspicious of malignancy and one Malignant according to Bethesda system. Histopathology specimen was received in 31 patients out of whom 20 (64.5%) patients were reported as colloid nodule, two follicular adenoma, one Hurthle cell adenoma, six papillary carcinoma and two follicular carcinoma. Medullary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma were not seen in the patients evaluated. Specificity and sensitivity of fine needle aspiration cytology was 94.7% and 88.9% respectively. Thus reporting thyroid lesions FNAC with Bethesda system allow a more specific cytological diagnosis.

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THYROID SWELLINGS

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/18.4612 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 1492-1497

Author(s):

Nazeer Ahmed Pathan ◽

Abdul Aziz Shaikh ◽

Manzoor Ali Shaikh

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Simple Procedure ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Microscopy Data ◽

Benign Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Lesions

Objectives: Investigating cytopathological characteristics of thyroid swellingsby fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) compared to histopathological examination. StudyDesign: Observational study. Place and Duration: Department of Pathology in collaborationwith Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences from November2014 to December 2016. Methods: A sample of 100 FNAC specimens was selected as perinclusion and exclusion criteria. FNAC procedure was conducted by technique of “to andfro movements” of needle for thyroid nodules of <1.5 cm size from central part of swelling.Peripheral part was aspirated in cases of large thyroid swellings. Smears were air dried andstained with May–Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) and H & E stain for histopathological examinationby microscopy. Data was analyzed on SPSS 22.0 at 95% confidence interval (p≤0.05). Results:Mean± SD age was noted as 47.6±8.6 years. Of total 200 cases, male and female were 90 (45%)& 110 (55%) respectively. Benign thyroid lesions were noted in 140 (70%), malignant thyroidlesions in 50 (25%) and 10 (5%) proved indeterminate thyroid lesions. FNAC shows sensitivityof 89%, specificity 97% and accuracy of 91%. Conclusion: FNAC is an easy, time escaping,cost- effective, simple procedure and valid technique for the triage of thyroid swellings.

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Cytomorphological patterns of thyroid lesions among 1646 Sudanese patients: what we can learn from fine needle aspiration cytology retrospective analysis?

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.21492.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Ali I. E. Osman ◽

Ahmed O. Almobarak ◽

Asma Kamalaldin Mohammed ◽

Nouh S. Mohamed ◽

Mohamed S. Muneer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Thyroid Nodules ◽

Follicular Adenoma ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Benign Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Lesions

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology biopsy of the thyroid gland is an accurate and useful diagnostic tool in the initial evaluation of nodular thyroid lesions. We aimed in this study to determine the cytomorphological patterns of thyroid lesions diagnosed by FNA among Sudanese patients. Methods: A descriptive retrospective, clinic-based study was performed. Cytopathological records of patients that attended the Total Lab Care Clinic in Khartoum-Sudan between January 2016 and December 2017 were reviewed. Results: A total of 1646 patients records were reviewed; 1385 (84.1%) were females and 261 (15.9%) males. A total of 1563 (94.9%) were negative for malignancy, 39 (2.4%) were positive for malignancy, 42 (2.6%) were indeterminate for malignancy and 2 (0.1%) were non-diagnostic. Colloid goiter was seen in 1147 patients (73.4%), benign hemorrhagic cysts were seen in 257, Hashimoto thyroiditis was seen in 77, benign thyroid nodules were seen in 76, keratocysts were seen in 2, thyroglossal duct cysts were seen in 2, thyroid follicular adenoma was seen in 1 and myxedema was seen in 1. For malignant patients; 11 had anaplastic thyroid cancer, 8 had papillary thyroid cancer, 7 had follicular thyroid cancer, 5 had metastatic thyroid cancer, 4 had medullary thyroid cancer, 3 had non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 1 had thyroid follicular adenoma. For those indeterminate for malignancy, 24 had follicular neoplasm and 18 had Hurthle cell neoplasm. Conclusions: Fine needle aspiration cytology for thyroid nodules provides a rapid and non-invasive technique for the evaluation and differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. This study also addresses the increased predominance of benign thyroid lesions among young patients and thyroid malignancy among the 4th decade of life.

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Correlation between Ultrasonography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) Findings in Patients with Thyroid Lesions

International Journal of Medical Science and Diagnosis Research ◽

10.32553/ijmsdr.v5i8.837 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Asraf Hussain ◽

Kalim Akhtar

Keyword(s):

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Thyroid Disorders ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Benign Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Lesions

Background:Thyroid nodules are common presentation in patients having thyroid disorders. There is approximately 4-5% incidence of clinically apparent thyroid lesions in general populations.Thyroid nodules are about four times more common in females than in males. The present study aims to diagnose the thyroid lesions and evaluate to relation and diagnostic test of ultrasonography (USG) and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) report. To determine the sensitivity of ultrasonography in detecting thyroid lesions.Method:This was hospital based prospective study carried in 94 patients who came to radiology department for USG neck, after clinical examination frommedicine, surgery and ENT department.Those patients with thyroid lesions were followed and advised for USG guided FNAC of thyroid swelling. The patients who were advised for FNAC, and gave consent for procedure were included in the study. The USG guided FNAC was done and wasfurther evaluated by pathologist. Results:Out of 94 cases, 85 were benign nodules and 9 were malignant nodules by USG which were further confirmed by FNAC with results of 87 benign and 7 malignant.The USG diagnosed the benign thyroid nodule with sensitivity of 96.55% and specificity of 85.71%, positive predictive value 98.82%, negative predictive value 66.67%, accuracy 95.74%. The result revealed that there is a strong relation between diagnoses of benign thyroid lesions by USG and final diagnosis by FNAC (P=0.001).Conclusion:High resolution grey scale imaging features can differentiate benign and malignant lesions. USG is very helpful for FNAC, characterization of nodules and provides differential diagnosis in those patients affecting with thyroid disorders.

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Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography versus fine-needle-aspiration cytology for predicting benign thyroid lesions

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.35.3.292 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Sultan Abdulwadoud Alshoabi ◽

Abdulkhaleq Ayedh Binnuhaid

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

The Us ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Benign Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Lesions

Background and Objective: Thyroid nodules (TNs) are abnormal growths of thyroid cells that form masses within the thyroid gland. TNs are common, and the importance lies in need to exclude thyroid cancer. This study was intended to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid lesions in comparison with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA cytology). Methods: This study involved 133 patients with thyroid lesions. All patients underwent thyroid ultrasonography and ultrasound (US)-guided-FNA cytology and results were compared. Results: Out of 133 patients included in this study, the mean age was 41.2±15 years, and 113 (85%) were female. Thyroid lesions were benign in 126 cases (94.7%) and malignant in nine cases (5.3%). Among 124 patients with thyroid lesions diagnosed as benign with US, 122 (98.38%) were confirmed to be benign with FNA cytology, and only 2 (1.6%) were proved to be malignant. Among nine patients with thyroid lesions diagnosed as malignant by US, 5 (55.6%) were confirmed to be malignant by FNA cytology, and 4 (44.4%) were proved to be benign. The US diagnosed benign thyroid lesions with a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 98.38%, 71.42%, 98.38%, and 55.55%, respectively. The results revealed strong compatibility between diagnosis of benign thyroid lesions by the US and proved diagnosis by FNA cytology (p<0.001). Conclusion: B-mode ultrasonography is a valuable tool in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid lesions. It can almost always predict the benign nature of thyroid lesions with excellent diagnostic accuracy. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.292 How to cite this:Alshoabi SA, Binnuhaid AA. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography versus fine-needle-aspiration cytology for predicting benign thyroid lesions. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.292 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Profile of thyroid lesions presenting at a tertiary care health centre of North India: 2-year pilot study (2018-2019)

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20201969 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1717

Author(s):

Manish Munjal ◽

Nitika Tuli ◽

Porshia Rishi ◽

Harjinder Singh ◽

Shivam Talwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Medical College ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Thyroid Lesions

Background: Diseases of thyroid are of great importance since most of them are amenable to surgical or medical management. Objective of this study was to study the incidence, gender profile, intervention undertaken, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathological profile of thyroid lesions and correlation of FNAC and HPE studies done after surgical intervention.Methods: This is a prospective study of the patients with thyroid swelling presenting to the head and neck clinic of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana over a time period of 2 years (January 2018 to November 2019). All the cases were subjected to a thorough clinical examination followed by evidence-based interventions. Fine needle aspiration cytology was done in all the cases preoperatively as out-patients basis and histopathologically confirmed postoperatively.Results: There were 80/212 subjects presenting in outpatient head and neck clinics of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck services of Dayanand Medical College and Hospital over a period of two years (January 2018 to December 2019). 57 were benign pathologies and 23 malignant. Multinodular goiter was commonest amongst benign (45 cases/78.9%) and papillary carcinoma (19 cases/82.6%) amongst malignant pathologies. Hemithyroidectomy was done in 41 patients (51.2%) while total thyroidectomy was done in 20 patients (25%) while total thyroidectomy with lymph node clearance was done in 19 patients (23.7%). Lymph node involvement was seen in 21.7% (5 cases out of 23 malignant) patients. Fine needle aspiration cytology finding and histopathological examination diagnosis could be corelated in 75 patients (93.75%).Conclusions: Benign lesions are more common than the malignant and amongst malignant papillary carcinoma is the commonest necessitating lymph node clearance.

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Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the preoperative diagnosis of malignancy in parotid and submandibular gland neoplasm

Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.3329/bjo.v19i2.17634 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 110-118

Author(s):

Mohammad Amzad Hossain ◽

Md Zahedul Alam ◽

Md Rojibul Haque ◽

Md Nazmul Haque ◽

KM Nurul Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Submandibular Gland ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

False Negative ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Medical College ◽

Preoperative Diagnostic ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology

Objective: To evaluate the role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the preoperative diagnosis of malignancy in parotid and submandibular gland neoplasm. Methods: This cross sectional study on 50 cases was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery of Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January2009 to June 2010. Results: Fine needle aspiration cytology findings of our all 50 cases were compared with postoperative histopathological reports. Out of the 50 cases, in 36(72%) cases of benign neoplasm and 7(14%) cases of malignant neoplasm, pre-operative FNAC findings and post operative histopathological findings were same. In 7 cases, FNAC and post operative histopathological findings did not matched. These were 2 (4%) false positive and 5 (10%) false negative result.In our study sensitivity of FNAC for reporting malignancy was 58.33%, specificity to rule out malignancy was 94.73% and overall accuracy in detecting malignant tumour was 86%. Positive predictive value and negative value were 77.77% and 87.80% respectively. It can be concluded that fine needle aspiration cytology is a safe, cheap and useful preoperative diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of malignancy in parotid and submandibular gland, but as fine needle aspiration cytology partly depends on operator skill, it may give false negative and false positive result. Conclusion: FNAC is a useful preoperative diagnostic tool for malignant parotid and submandibular glands with high specificity and sensitivity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v19i2.17634 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 19(2): 110-118

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Preoperative Multiparametric Ultrasound and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology evaluation of parotid gland tumors: which is the best technique?

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-3068 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olga Guiban ◽

Antonello Rubini ◽

Daniele Fresilli ◽

Giuseppe Tiziano Lucarelli ◽

Massimo Ralli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Multiparametric Ultrasound

Aims: To evaluate the pre-surgical diagnostic value of Multiparametric Ultrasound (MPUS) and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in differentiating parotid gland tumors, comparing the results with histology. Materials and methods:The study enrolled 84 patients with parotid gland lesions surgically treated in a single tertiary center and evaluated by MPUS. Each patient underwent FNAC. Histological examination was considered the gold standard. Results: Histology identified 62 benign tumors and 22 malignancies. In the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign lesions, B-mode Ultrasound (US), Color-Doppler US, Contrast-Enhanced US (CEUS), Elastography (USE) and FNAC showed the following values of sensitivity: 82%, 81%, 86%, 77%, 73% respectively; specificity: 97%, 61%, 95%, 71%, 97% respectively; PPV: 90%, 43%, 86%, 50%, 89% respectively; NPV: 93%, 90%, 95%, 88%, 91% respectively; and accuracy: 89%, 71%, 90%, 78%, 84% re-spectively. Conclusions: CEUS proved to be a valid and accurate method for identifying malignant tumors of parotid gland; the combination of B-mode US with CEUS showed similar diagnostic accuracy, but better sensitivity than CEUS taken alone. USE did not improve the diagnostic performance of the B-mode US, alone or in association with CEUS; however, it revealed the highest diagnostic accuracy in the differentiation between benign lesions. FNAC demonstrated lower values in comparison with CEUS and with USE. Therefore, according to our study, MPUS could be proposed as a valid alternative to FNAC.

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