scholarly journals Extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter through the umbilicus: a systematic literature review from 1973 to 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra K. Ghritlaharey
Keyword(s):  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Operative Therapy ◽  
Shunt Catheter ◽  
Main Complaint ◽  
Median Interval

Trans-umbilical extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter is a rare complication of the VPS insertion. The objectives of this review were to analyze various variables like the age, sex, indication for VPS insertion, clinical presentation, the operative therapy offered for the management, and outcome of the cases published/managed for the trans-umbilical extrusion of the distal VPS shunt catheter. In 1973, the maiden case of trans-umbilical extrusion of the distal VPS catheter was published. Literature/case reports were retrieved from 1973 to October 31, 2021. A total of n=24 (12 males, 12 females) cases were recruited for this systematic review. All of them were children below the age of 13-years. In four-fifths (n=19) of children, the initial VPS catheter was inserted during the first 6-months of life. The median age of children at the time of diagnosis of the above-described VPS complication was 7.5 (42.21 SD) months, and it ranged from 2 months to 13 years of age. The median interval from the initial VPS insertion/last VPS revision to the diagnosis of complication was 4 (24.77 SD) months, and it ranged from 3 weeks to 8 years. The main complaint was the extrusion of the distal VPS catheter through the umbilicus. Surgical procedures performed for the management were (a) removal of the entire VPS catheter n=15, (b) removal of distal/part of distal VPS catheter n=5, and (C) others n=2. For VPS catheter revision; delayed re-VPS insertion was performed in n=10, immediate revision of the distal VPS catheter in n=3, and others. Three (12.5%) children died during the postoperative and follow-up period. The distal VPS catheter extrusion through the umbilicus is a rare complication of VPS insertion, and it occurred exclusively in children. In 70% (n=17) of children, it was documented ≤6 months afterward of the VPS insertion. Delayed re-VPS catheter insertion was preferred for 40% of the children for VPS revision procedures.  

scholarly journals Management of trans-vaginal extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter: a systematic literature review from 1973 to 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra K. Ghritlaharey
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chief Complaint ◽  
Vaginal Orifice ◽  
The Mean

Trans-vaginal extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) catheter is a rare complication of VPS insertion done for the treatment of hydrocephalus. The primary purpose was to review the demographics. The secondary objectives were to review the clinical presentation, operative intervention executed, and outcome of the cases published on trans-vaginal extrusion of the distal VPS catheter. The literature and case reports were retrieved from 1973 to September 30, 2021. This literature review included (n=19) cases of the above-mentioned VPS complication. The mean age of 15 children at the time of diagnosis of the complication was 18.13 months and ranged from 2 to 72 months. For the entire case, the interval from the initial VPS insertion/VPS revision to the clinical diagnosis of complication ranged from 1 to 36 months, with a mean of 8.16 months. In three-fourth of the cases, it was detected within 6-months of the VPS implantation. Extrusion of the distal VPS catheter through the vagina was the chief complaint. Surgical procedures were performed in the following order of frequency (A) removal of the entire VPS catheter (n=14), and (B) removal of the distal/peritoneal VPS catheter (n=3). During the postoperative period, one of the children died. Extrusion of the distal VPS catheter through the vaginal orifice is a rare complication of VPS insertion. It occurred across all the age groups but was more common during early childhood. Three-fourth of them were treated by removal of the entire VPS catheter. For VPS revision, delayed re-VPS insertion was the preferred option.

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Treatment of Fibrous Histiocytomas of the Tongue: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 094-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Nguyen ◽  
Adam Vaudreuil ◽  
Paul Haun ◽  
Gabriel Caponetti ◽  
Christopher Huerter
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Fibrous Histiocytomas ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Level Data

Introduction Benign fibrous histiocytomas are common lesions of the skin that rarely affect the tongue. Such cases are available in the literature exclusively as case reports. Similarly, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, now classified as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, is exceedingly rare in the tongue and not fully understood. Objectives This study systematically reviews the available literature discussing the clinical and pathological features of malignant and benign fibrous histiocytomas. Data Synthesis A total of 20 cases were included in this review. Patient-level data were extracted from cases to include clinical presentation, workup, treatment, and outcome. Conclusion Benign fibrous histiocytomas are consistent in clinical and histopathologic presentation. Surgical treatment provides excellent outcome, with no recurrence in all excised cases. Malignant tumors have a more aggressive clinical and pathological presentation. Surgical treatment with possible adjuvant radiotherapy resulted in recurrence in 40% of cases (follow-up of 24 months), and death due to disease in 47% of patients (follow-up of 19 months).

Odontogenic Fibromyxoma in a Cat: First Confirmed Case in This Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Kristin I. Scott ◽  
Colin E. Harvey ◽  
James G. Anthony ◽  
Roy Pool
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

An inflammatory gingival mass surrounding resorbing teeth was diagnosed via biopsy in a 9-year-old domestic shorthair cat. A dorsal rim excision was performed to remove the entire mass with associated teeth and bone. Histopathological diagnosis of the en bloc tissue revealed an odontogenic fibromyxoma. Extensive literature review revealed few case reports of companion animals with this neoplasm, and none in a feline patient. This report documents the clinical presentation, diagnostic differentials, surgical therapy, and long-term follow-up of an odontogenic fibromyxoma in a cat.

Incidence of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated with Rituximab.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 3675-3675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Focosi ◽  
Marco Tuccori ◽  
Corrado Blandizzi ◽  
Mario Del Tacca ◽  
Mario Petrini
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Abstract 3675 Poster Board III-611 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare complication of immunesuppression due to productive reactivation of JC polyomavirus (JCV) in glial cells. In the last decades many case reports of rituximab-associated PML have raised concerns, but no systematic incidence rate analysis has been ever performed. We retrospectively reviewed our clinical records with the aim of calculating the incidence rate of PML in patients with NHL who had been treated with regimens including rituximab. Data on HIV-negative patients who received the first dose of rituximab from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2008, were analyzed. The follow-up period was from the first rituximab dose to the last recorded visit, up to September 30, 2008. PML cases were included if symptoms occurred at least 1 month after the first dose of rituximab and the diagnosis was supported by magnetic resonance imaging and detection of JCV DNA in stereotactic brain biopsies and/or cerebrospinal fluid. We collected data from 821 consecutive patients throughout the follow-up period. All patients received chemotherapy other than rituximab, and all completed their entire treatment course at the Hematology Unit in Pisa. No radiation therapy was administered. The median time of follow-up was 20 months (range = 1-106 month), resulting in 1725 patient-years at risk. Five cases of PML (two receiving maintenance rituximab) were identified, with an incidence rate of 2.89 cases per 1000 patient-years. We found that the incidence rate of PML in our population exceeded that observed in patients who are traditionally regarded as being at high risk of PML, namely patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and AIDS. Rituximab might be a potential contributing factor to the development of PML in these patients. Nevertheless, rituximab currently represents an essential therapeutic tool that can positively affect the natural history of NHL. However, because of the expanding therapeutic indications, it seems reasonable to investigate the potential contribution of rituximab to PML occurrence. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Monoclonal antibody extravasations: Two case reports and literature review

2020 ◽  
pp. 107815522095000
Author(s):  
Alicia Rodríguez-Alarcón ◽  
David Conde-Estévez
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Intravenous Chemotherapy ◽  
Chemotherapy Administration ◽  
First Case

Introduction Extravasation is a rare complication from intravenous chemotherapy administration. Literature about monoclonal antibody (MoAb) extravasations is scarce and also conflicting in how they are classified. Case report We reported two different cases of MoAb extravasations with cetuximab and nivolumab outcome respectively. The administration site appeared inflamed and patients did not report disturbances. Management and outcome: Both extravasations did not require specific treatment. General unspecific measures suffice to properly manage these extravasations and no sequels were observed after long follow-up. Both patients received all further courses of MoAb without any adverse events. Discussion To our knowledge, we reported the first case-report of nivolumab extravasation in the literature. In addition, the cetuximab extravasation management and outcome was in accordance with previously published reports. Both MoAb may be considered as non-aggressive or neutral. We reviewed published information about MoAb extravasations. In conclusion, not all MoAb should be classified in the same category when extravasated and special precautions are warranted with conjugated MoAb and bevacizumab.

scholarly journals Management of late dental trauma healing complications in primary teeth: a case report of 3 years follow-up

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Nashalie Andrade de Alencar ◽  
Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo ◽  
Jacckeline Barros ◽  
Maria da Encarnação P. Requejo da Costa ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Main Complaint

Objective: This case reports the management of late healing complications in primary teeth after dental trauma. Case Report: A 6-year-old girl was referred to the pediatric dentistry clinic with a huge swelling associated with her anterior maxillary left-side region as a main complaint. Her mother reported a traumatic injury in the affected tooth one year before. The clinical exam revealed a noncomplicated fracture and an extensive abscess, both radiographically associated with the left maxillary central incisor. Additionally, pulp obliteration in its homologous tooth was observed. The abscessed tooth was extracted and the homologous tooth was maintained, the child was followed up for three years. No crown or root pathological alterations were observed in either erupted permanent successors. Conclusion: Traumatic injury in the primary teeth may show no initial healing complication however, the follow up and treatment of acute healing complications is essential until the eruption of the permanent tooth.

scholarly journals Chronic Bilateral Calcified Subdural Empyema: An Unusual Complication of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Diop ◽  
◽  
Mohameth Faye ◽  
Roger Ilunga Mulumba ◽  
Momar Codé Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Subdural Empyema ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Shunt Valve ◽  
Late Morbidity ◽  
Common Technique

Background and Importance: Subdural empyema is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt is a common technique used in the treatment of hydrocephalus. It is often plagued with multiple complications, especially infectious ones. However, the appearance of infectious complications related to ventriculoperitoneal shunt remotely from surgery is rather unusual. Case Presentation: Through this observation, we are reporting an unusual case of chronic bilateral calcified subdural empyema which occurred 8 years after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. The child underwent a bilateral craniotomy in order to evacuate the empyema and meanwhile remove the valve. One month later, the empyema relapsed along with active hydrocephalus. Consequently, the implementation of an external ventricular shunt was performed and the child benefited from adapted antibiotic therapy. After the infection was treated, a second ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve was implemented. Afterwards, the evolution was favorable, the child retained a discrete left hemiparesis as a sequel. Conclusion: This observation is reporting the existence of late morbidity due to the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal valve; which shows that a regular and prolonged follow-up is necessary in children with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Associated Subacute Thyroiditis: Evidence-Based Data From a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Trimboli ◽  
Carlo Cappelli ◽  
Laura Croce ◽  
Lorenzo Scappaticcio ◽  
Luca Chiovato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Viral Origin ◽  
Reactive Protein

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is a thyroid disease of viral or post-viral origin. Whether SAT represents a complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still unclear. Our aim was to systematically review the literature to 1) explore the size of the literature about SAT in COVID-19 and 2) evaluate the clinical characteristics of SAT. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus were searched until April 20, 2021. Original papers, case reports, and case series reporting SAT in COVID-19 patients were included. Authors and their country, journal, year of publication, COVID-19 and SAT clinical presentation, thyroid function, therapy, and follow-up data were extracted. Nineteen papers (17 case reports and 2 case series) were included, describing 27 patients, 74.1% females, aged 18 to 69 years. COVID-19 was diagnosed by nasopharyngeal swab in 66.7% cases and required hospitalization in 11.1%. In 83.3% cases, SAT occurred after COVID-19. Neck pain was present in 92.6% cases and fever in 74.1%. Median TSH, fT3, and fT4 were 0.01 mU/l, 10.79 pmol/l, and 27.2 pmol/l, respectively. C-reactive-protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were elevated in 96% of cases. Typical ultrasonographic characteristics of SAT were observed in 83.3% of cases. Steroids were the most frequent SAT therapy. Complete remission of SAT was recorded in most cases. In conclusion, the size and quality of published data of SAT in COVID-19 patients are poor, with only case reports and case series being available. SAT clinical presentation in COVID-19 patients seems to be similar to what is generally expected.

Severance of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Catheter Implanted Between the Cerebral Ventricle and Peritoneal Cavity, Resulting in Protrusion From the Anus

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamuro Hayama ◽  
Soichiro Ishihara ◽  
Norihito Yamazaki ◽  
Takuya Akahane ◽  
Ryu Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vp Shunt ◽  
Shunt Catheter ◽  
Tract Perforation

Abstract One rare complication of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is perforation of the gastrointestinal tract by the catheter. We report a case in which the catheter severed spontaneously inside the peritoneal cavity, creating a communication between the intestinal tract and the peritoneal cavity. The patient was a 41-year-old man who presented with a VP shunt catheter protruding from the anus. Computed tomography showed that the VP shunt catheter, which had been put in place 25 years earlier, had severed spontaneously. The distal end had then perforated and entered the intestinal tract. The patient was hospitalized and emergency surgery was performed to repair the intestinal tract perforation caused by the end of the VP shunt catheter. Laparotomy revealed that the catheter had perforated the sigmoid colon. The VP shunt catheter was removed, and the perforation in the intestinal tract was closed by suturing. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 20.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Follow-Up of 30 Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1958-1964
Author(s):  
ANGENITA F. VAN LIEBURG ◽  
NINE V. A. M. KNOERS ◽  
LEO A. H. MONNENS
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Minor Trauma ◽  
Urine Retention ◽  
Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Abstract. Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by insensitivity of the distal nephron to arginine vasopressin. Clinical knowledge of this disease is based largely on case reports. For this study, data were collected on clinical presentation and during long-term follow-up of 30 male patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The majority of patients (87%) were diagnosed within the first 2.5 yr of life. Main symptoms at clinical presentation were vomiting and anorexia, failure to thrive, fever, and constipation. Three older patients were diagnosed as a result of events not directly related to the disease. Except for a possibly milder phenotype in patients with a G185C mutation, no clear relationship between clinical and genetic data could be found. Most patients were on hydrochlorothiazide-amiloride treatment without significant side effects. Two patients suffered from severe hydronephrosis with a small rupture of the urinary tract after a minor trauma, and two patients experienced episodes of acute urine retention. Height SD scores for age remained below the 50th percentile in the majority of patients, whereas weight for height SD scores showed a catch-up after several years of underweight.

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