scholarly journals Study of viral markers (human immunodeficiency virus, HBsAg and anti-HCV) among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Sudhir Singh ◽  
Lalman ◽  
Rehana Najam ◽  
Umar Farooq ◽  
Shweta R Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

It has been recognized that population-based surveys are needed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus and HIV infection. Pregnant women can be considered as outpost populations because they are relatively unselected populations and their prevalence data may be extended to general population.Study of viral markers (Human immunodeficiency virus, HBsAg and antiHCV among pregnant woman attending the antenatal clinic. Determination of HIV, HBsAg and HCV in the pregnant females. In this age wise distribution of HCV positive cases, five cases were positive in 17-21, age group of 22-26 twelve patients were positive, age group of 27-31 eleven patients were positive, age group of 32-36 four patients were positive and three were positive in the age above 36 years. In table number two, 7 were positive for HBsAg, 35 were positive for HCV and no one was for HIV.In our study, pregnant women had a higher HCV infection rate. Occurrence of HBsAg infection was low in expectant ladies. In our area, people were very careful because they don’t want to spread HIV in their area. The public has complied with HIV/AIDS regulations. They always used condoms and never shared needles. Hence the mother could not spread HIV to the child. In order tounderstand the reasons and inferences of these findings, and provide more guidance, other research is needed.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Syphilis in Ghana: A Five-Year Single Urban Site Parallel Population-Based Analysis vis-à-vis the Sentinel Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Osei-Yeboah ◽  
Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽  
Francis Abeku Ussher ◽  
Verner Ndudiri Orish ◽  
Abdul-Wahab Mawuko Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Sentinel Site ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cumulative Prevalence ◽  
Population Based Survey

The study was aimed at comparing the estimation of the burden and trends (2012–2016) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Syphilis infections by the national Sentinel Survey vis-à-vis the use of population-based studies at a single urban site (Municipal Hospital) in Ho, the Volta Region of Ghana. Using blood donors as a proxy of the asymptomatic adult population, a retrospective analysis of secondary data on HIV and Syphilis testing was conducted using Ho Municipal Hospital’s archives comprising 4,180 prospective blood donors. Published reports from the National Sentinel Survey for the Ho Sentinel Site comprising 2,452 pregnant women from 2012 to 2016 were used. The cumulative prevalence of HIV and Syphilis infections in the population-based survey was 4.78% and 2.58% while the epidemiology was estimated at 2.75% and 0.24% by the Sentinel Survey for the five-year under review. The new HIV and Syphilis infections were 3.78% and 2.46% in the population-based survey compared to 2.64% and 0.23% in the Sentinel Survey. Gender cumulative prevalence and the yearly trend was found to be higher in the general population compared to the pregnant women. The use of pregnant women to estimate the HIV and Syphilis epidemiology might not be representative of the general population.

scholarly journals Treponema pallidum infection predicts sexually transmitted viral infections (hepatitis B virus, herpes simplex virus-2, and human immunodeficiency virus) among pregnant women from rural areas of Mwanza region, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Ng’wamkai ◽  
Kalista V. Msigwa ◽  
Damas Chengula ◽  
Frank Mgaya ◽  
Clotilda Chuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Abstract Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a global health problem with increased risk and morbidities during pregnancy. This study investigated the magnitude of viral STIs among pregnant women from three rural hospitals/clinics providing antenatal care in Mwanza region, Tanzania. Methods Between February and May 2018, a total of 499 pregnant women were enrolled and tested for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) using rapid immunochromatographic tests and for syphilis using non-treponemal and treponemal antibody test. Results The median age of enrolled women was 25 (IQR: 22–31) years. Seventy eight (15.6, 95% CI: 12–18) of women tested had at least one sexually transmitted viral infection. Specific prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, HSV-2 IgG and HSV-2 IgM were found to be 25(5.0%), 29(5.8%), 2(0.4%), 188(37.7%) and 24(4.8%), respectively. The odds of having viral infection was significantly high among women with positive T. pallidum serostatus (adjusted odd ratio (aOR): 3.24, 95%CI; 1.2–85). By multivariable logistic regression analysis, history of STIs predicted HSV-2 IgM seropositivity (aOR: 3.70, 95%CI: 1.43–9.62) while parity (aOR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.04–1.46) predicted HBV infection and syphilis positive results (aOR: 8.63, 95%CI: 2.81–26.45) predicted HIV infection. Conclusion A significant proportion of pregnant women in rural areas of Mwanza region has at least one sexually transmitted viral infection which is independently predicted by positive T. pallidum serostatus. The strengthening and expansion of ANC screening package to include screening of STIs will ultimately reduce the viral STIs among pregnant women hence reduce associated morbidities and mortalities.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and syphilis among pregnant women attending Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Hussen Nuru ◽  
Negash Nurahmed ◽  
Yeabkal D. Teka ◽  
Fewzia Mohammed ◽  
Getachew Ferede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dessie Referral Hospital

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Globally the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis infections are a common problem of pregnant women where the complications are transmitted to their new born infants. These infections, often silent and without symptoms, can result in serious and fatal health consequences.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 pregnant women attending Dessie referral hospital from February to April 2019 by using convenience sampling techniques. Data were collected by assigned nurses with face to face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Samples were screened by rapid serological tests for HIV and <em>T. pallidum </em>antibodies as well as HBsAg. Data was analysed using SPSS. Logistic regression was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. P values &lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The overall seroprevalence rates of HIV, HBsAg, syphilis and HIV/HBV coinfections were 6.5%, 4.7% and 0.8%, and 0.5% respectively. The history of sexual transmitted infections (STIs), multiple partners and using sharp materials were significantly associated to HIV with an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) of 8.35, 9.6 and 3.097 respectively. Likewise, the habit of ear/nose piercing and partner’s STIs exposure were associated with hepatitis B infection with an AOR 8.24 and 14.11 respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> HIV and HBV infections are still critical public health concerns among pregnant women in the study area. History of multiple sexual partners, sharing of sharp materials, history of STIs exposure, habits of ear/nose piercing were significantly associated with infections.</p>

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