scholarly journals Dentistry & COVID-19: Spreading facts not myths

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
Surbhi Priyadarshi ◽  
Arif Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
The Impact

Dental professionals are trying to adapt to the new norms, while the medium to long-term impact of COVID-19 on dentistry needs further investigation. The COVID-19 risk mitigation strategies include strict adherence to infection control practices (use of hand sanitizers, facemask and maintaining social distancing), reducing the amount of aerosol production in the dental setting, and managing the quality of air in the dental treatment rooms by reducing the use of air conditioners and improving air exchange. Among several potential transmission sources in the spreading of the COVID-19, dental services have received a high volume of attention. The aim of this article was to review the available literature on the relevant aspects of dentistry in relation to COVID-19 and to discuss potential impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on clinical dentistry, dental education and research. Although the coronavirus pandemic has caused many difficulties for provision of clinical dentistry, there would be an opportunity for the dental educators to modernize their teaching approaches using novel digital concepts in teaching of clinical skills and by enhancement of online communication and learning platforms. This pandemic has also highlighted some of the major gaps in dental research and the need for new relevant knowledge to manage the current crisis and minimize the impact of such outbreaks on dentistry in the future.

scholarly journals Changes in Oral Health Policies and Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Meng Jiang ◽  
Duangporn Duangthip ◽  
Prim Auychai ◽  
Mirei Chiba ◽  
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Regional Health Authorities ◽  
Long Term Impact

The aim of this study was to describe the changes in oral health policies and guidelines in response to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in different countries and regions around the world. Information on oral health policies and guidelines from 9 countries (Canada, China including Hong Kong, Egypt, India, Japan, New Zealand, Nigeria, Switzerland, and Thailand) were summarized, and sources of the information were mostly the national or regional health authorities and/or dental council/associations. The changes made to the oral health guidelines depended on the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. This included suspension of non-emergency dental care services at the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak, and easing the restrictions on non-essential and elective dental care when the pandemic became under control. The COVID-19 risk mitigation strategies include strict adherence to infection control practices (use of hand sanitizers, facemask and maintaining social distancing), reducing the amount of aerosol production in the dental setting, and managing the quality of air in the dental treatment rooms by reducing the use of air conditioners and improving air exchange. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown a major impact on dental practice. Dental professionals are trying to adapt to the new norms, while the medium to long-term impact of COVID-19 on dentistry needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Dentistry–A Comprehensive Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poyan Barabari ◽  
Keyvan Moharamzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Dental Education ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Dental Research ◽  
Learning Platforms ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has become a real challenge for healthcare providers around the world and has significantly affected the dental professionals in practices, universities and research institutions. The aim of this article was to review the available literature on the relevant aspects of dentistry in relation to COVID-19 and to discuss potential impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on clinical dentistry, dental education and research. Although the coronavirus pandemic has caused many difficulties for provision of clinical dentistry, there would be an opportunity for the dental educators to modernize their teaching approaches using novel digital concepts in teaching of clinical skills and by enhancement of online communication and learning platforms. This pandemic has also highlighted some of the major gaps in dental research and the need for new relevant knowledge to manage the current crisis and minimize the impact of such outbreaks on dentistry in the future. In conclusion, COVID-19 has had many immediate complications for dentistry of which some may have further long-term impacts on clinical practice, dental education and dental research.

scholarly journals Restarting elective endoscopy safely amidst an evolving pandemic and the impact of patient perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Nguyen ◽  
Kevin T. Kline ◽  
Shehzad Merwat ◽  
Sheharyar Merwat ◽  
Gurinder Luthra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Outpatient Procedures ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has led to disruptions in elective and outpatient procedures. Guidance from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services provided a framework for gradual reopening of outpatient clinical operations. As the infrastructure to restart endoscopy has been more clearly described, patient concerns regarding viral transmission during the procedure have been identified. Moreover, the efficacy of the measures in preventing transmission have not been clearly delineated. Methods We identified patients with pandemic-related procedure cancellations from 3/16/2020 to 4/20/2020. Patients were stratified into tier groups (1–4) by urgency. Procedures were performed using our hospital risk mitigation strategies to minimize transmission risk. Patients who subsequently developed symptoms or tested for COVID-19 were recorded. Results Among patients requiring emergent procedures, 57.14% could be scheduled at their originally intended interval. COVID-19 concerns represented the most common rescheduling barrier. No patients who underwent post-procedure testing were positive for COVID-19. No cases of endoscopy staff transmission were identified. Conclusions Non-COVID-19 related patient care during the pandemic is a challenging process that evolved with the spread of infection, requiring dynamic monitoring and protocol optimization. We describe our successful model for reopening endoscopy suites using a tier-based system for safe reintroduction of elective procedures while minimizing transmission to patients and staff. Important barriers included financial and transmission concerns that need to be addressed to enable the return to pre-pandemic utilization of elective endoscopic procedures.

scholarly journals Factors affecting aerosol size distribution during various dental procedures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Choudhary ◽  
Michael J Durkin ◽  
Daniel C Stoeckel ◽  
Heidi M Steinkamp ◽  
Martin H Thornhill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: To determine the impact of various aerosol mitigation interventions and establish duration of aerosol persistence in a variety of dental clinic configurations. Methods: We performed aerosol measurement studies in endodontic, orthodontic, periodontic, pediatric, and general dentistry clinics. We used an optical aerosol spectrometer and wearable particulate matter sensors to measure real-time aerosol concentration from the vantage point of the dentist during routine care in a variety of clinic configurations (e.g, open bay, single room, partitioned operatories). We compared the impact of aerosol mitigation strategies [ventilation and high-volume evacuation (HVE)] and prevalence of particulate matter in the dental clinic environment before, during and after high-speed drilling, slow speed drilling and ultrasonic scaling procedures. Results: Conical and ISOVAC HVE were superior to standard tip evacuation for aerosol-generating procedures. When aerosols were detected in the environment, they were rapidly dispersed within minutes of completing the aerosol-generating procedure. Few aerosols were detected in dental clinics, regardless of configuration, when conical and ISOVAC HVE were used. Conclusions: Dentists should consider using conical or ISOVAC HVE rather than standard tip evacuators to reduce aerosols generated during routine clinical practice. Furthermore, when such effective aerosol mitigation strategies are employed, dentists need not leave dental chairs fallow between patients as aerosols are rapidly dispersed. Clinical Significance: ISOVAC HVE is highly effective in reducing aerosol emissions. With adequate ventilation and HVE use, dental fallow time can be reduced to 5 minutes.

scholarly journals FOREIGN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A DYNAMIC PANEL DATA MODEL OF POLITICAL RISK IMPACTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiling Jiang ◽  
Igor Martek ◽  
M. Reza Hosseini ◽  
Jolanta Tamošaitienė ◽  
Chuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
The Impact

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is inhibited by political risk. Developing countries tend to experience higher levels of such risk, yet need foreign capital to generate growth. Moreover, foreign direct investment in infrastructure (FDII) – fundamental to economic growth – is particularly sensitive to political risk; characterized by high capital investment, longer investment periods, while especially exposed to mercurial shifts in government policy. Yet, no comprehensive study has been undertaken that measures the impact of political risk on FDII in developing countries. This paper addresses this lack. Twelve political risk indicators, drawn from the International Country Risk Guide Index, are used to quantify the political risk inherent to 90 developing countries, over the period 2006 to 2015. An Arellano-Bond GMM estimator is developed which measures the dollar value impact of risk on both FDI and FDII. A comparison of results confirms that FDII is generally more sensitive to risk than is FDI, however the influence of risk categories is found to vary significantly. The findings can be expected to inform infrastructure policy-makers and foreign investors alike on the dollar-impact of determinable risk levels on foreign-funded projects, and in so doing better facilitate corrective risk mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Incidence and pattern of dental emergencies and their management during Covid-19 pandemic : An experience of Nepali dentists working during lock down

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
Rajeev K Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Microsoft Word ◽  
Dental Emergency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Introduction: Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious nature of disease which has spread all over the world in short span of time leading to significant number of death. WHO has declared pandemic and every nation is fighting with their all possible resources to control this disease. The impact of COVID-19 in dentistry is enormous. Most of the dental hospitals and clinic are providing emergency dental services only. So the aim of this research is to find out the nature of dental emergency during the initial month of lock down in Nepal. Additionally this research will try to find out the number of dental emergencies as well as perception of dentists on impact of COVID-19 on dentistry. Materials and Method : A set of electronic questionnaires were sent to 150 Nepal Medical Council registered Nepalese dentists out of which only 122 dentists responded. A consent was obtained prior to collecting data for research purpose. All the quantitative answers were recorded in SPSS spread sheet where as qualitative data were collected in Microsoft word. Descriptive statistics were applied to explain the responses whenever applicable. Result: Out of 122 respondents, maximum were from province 3 and 4 (50% and 34%). Almost half of the respondents were general dental practioners and similar percentage of respondents were working at dental/medical colleges and government centers. 90% of the doctors had consulted patients during lock down period. Average 5-20 cases were seen during the lock down by majority of doctors. Nearly 58% of the doctors had done only virtual consultation and most common emergency was dental pain(n= 92) and swelling( n= 37). Majority of the respondents thought that standard of dental disinfection and sterilization will increase after pandemic, however most of the dentists thought they will be using PPE for dental work and cost of dental treatment will be increased because of the added cost of extra precaution. 90% of the dentists believed that they are going to change the way they practice dentistry after they reopen their clinic. Conclusion: The most common type of dental emergency during lock down is dental pain ,swelling, dento-maxillofacial trauma and broken orthodontic appliances. Virtual dental consultation is gaining popularity among dentists in Nepal and Nepalese dentists are going to change the way of dental practice because of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Biofuel supply chain risk mitigation strategy framework: Expert interview based Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Tedy Wachyudi ◽  
Arief Daryanto ◽  
Machfud Machfud ◽  
Yandra Arkeman
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this case study is to develop and framework supply chain characteristics and risk mitigation strategies in the context of biodiesel downstream supply chain.Design/methodology/approach: This study employs an expert interview-based approach as a qualitative approach with a multi-perspectives view.Findings: There are vary strategies among perspectives, such as perspectives of organization and business types, stakeholder types, times and methods. These also shows that business strategy of collaborative, coordinative, and cooperative arise as alternative strategies for each perspective and each level of stakeholder. Those business strategies may apply in a vary operation strategies which linking through an energy security framework element as company’s competitive priorities.Research limitations/implications: The research scope includes only a certain area of the country’s territory and the target company’s supply chain areas of activity. The research method includes only internal stakeholders and experts as respondents and data sources. The level of analysis was only at corporate level in the corporate case study context. The research also targets only a downstream activities of biodiesel supply chain context. The interview-based approach as a qualitative approach faces some subjectivity challenges among respondents.Practical implications: The research result provides some positive implications for business practice, includes how to minimize the impact of supply chain risk on company’s business activities and performance, how supply chain experts and practitioners used risk mitigation practices, how to formulate strategic plans to minimize the impact of supply chain risk and enhance the effectivity and sustainability of the supply chain activities.Social implications: The implication for business practice was that company’s leaders implemented supply chain risk mitigation strategies that provide positive impacts on the more valuable relationship among supply chain actors and stakeholders.Originality/value: The first, is an activities areas and operation schemes-based of biodiesel supply chain point of view. The second, is a multi-perspectives-based biodiesel supply chain characteristics framework. The third, is an energy security framework-based biodiesel risk mitigation strategies framework.

scholarly journals Reducing Potentially Preventable Dental Hospitalizations of Young Children: A Community-Level Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Rogers ◽  
G.G. Adams ◽  
F.A.C. Wright ◽  
K. Roberts-Thomson ◽  
M.V. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Incident Rate ◽  
The Impact

An increasing number of Australians are being admitted to hospitals and day procedure centers to have dental treatment under a dental general anesthetic (DGA). Children younger than 2 y are having DGAs. These operations are costly and, although there have been improvements in safety, are not without risk. Most DGAs in children are to treat dental caries and have been defined as potentially preventable dental hospitalizations (PPDHs). This article reports on an analysis of the impact of access to community water fluoridation (CWF), availability of oral health professionals (OHPs), and socioeconomic status (SES) on PPDHs of 0- to 4-y-olds in 2012–2013 in Victoria, Australia. Data on these variables were obtained at the community (postcode) level. From the negative binomial multivariate analysis, each of the 3 independent variables was independently significantly associated with PPDHs at the postcode level. Children residing in postcodes without CWF on average had 59% higher rates than those with access (incident rate ratio [IRR], 1.59; P < 0.0001), children in postcodes with the lowest level of availability of OHPs had 65% higher rates than those with the highest access (IRR, 1.65; P < 0.0001), and children living in the most disadvantaged SES quintiles had 57% higher rates than children in the most advantaged quintiles (IRR, 1.57; P < 0.0001). There was a stepwise social gradient by SES quintile. In analysis of access to CWF and SES status, children without access to CWF had 86% higher PPDH rates than children with access (IRR, 1.86; P < 0.0001). In summary, no access to CWF, poor availability of OHPs, and lower SES status were independently associated with higher PPDH rates among 0- to 4-y-olds in Victoria at the postcode level. The study highlights the importance of considering 3 interacting factors—access to CWF, access to OHPs, and SES—in efforts to reduce PPDH rates in young children. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Extending access to water fluoridation, increasing the availability of dental services, and raising disadvantaged families’ socioeconomic status are each likely to decrease the rate of dental general anesthetics in young children.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of reducing control measures on the COVID-19 pandemic in a low transmission setting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Scott ◽  
Anna Palmer ◽  
Dominic Delport ◽  
Romesh Abeysuriya ◽  
Robyn Stuart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Low Transmission ◽  
Transmission Setting ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAimsWe assessed COVID-19 epidemic risks associated with relaxing a set of physical distancing restrictions in the state of Victoria, Australia – a setting with low community transmission – in line with a national framework that aims to balance sequential policy relaxations with longer-term public health and economic need.MethodsAn agent-based model, Covasim, was calibrated to the local COVID-19 epidemiological and policy environment. Contact networks were modelled to capture transmission risks in households, schools and workplaces, and a variety of community spaces (e.g. public transport, parks, bars, cafes/restaurants) and activities (e.g. community or professional sports, large events). Policy changes that could prevent or reduce transmission in specific locations (e.g. opening/closing businesses) were modelled in the context of interventions that included testing, contact tracing (including via a smartphone app), and quarantine.ResultsPolicy changes leading to the gathering of large, unstructured groups with unknown individuals (e.g. bars opening, increased public transport use) posed the greatest risk, while policy changes leading to smaller, structured gatherings with known individuals (e.g. small social gatherings) posed least risk. In the model, epidemic impact following some policy changes took more than two months to occur. Model outcomes support continuation of working from home policies to reduce public transport use, and risk mitigation strategies in the context of social venues opening, such as >30% population-uptake of a contact-tracing app, physical distancing policies within venues reducing transmissibility by >40%, or patron identification records being kept to enable >60% contact tracing.ConclusionsIn a low transmission setting, care should be taken to avoid lifting sequential COVID-19 policy restrictions within short time periods, as it could take more than two months to detect the consequences of any changes. These findings have implications for other settings with low community transmission where governments are beginning to lift restrictions.

scholarly journals TP10.2.7Reintroduction of elective colorectal cancer surgery following the first wave of Covid-19 in the UK – an audit of risk mitigation strategies and review of patient outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Malcolm ◽  
James Chean Khun Ng ◽  
William Speake
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Defunctioning Ileostomy ◽  
Operative Strategies ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim Perioperative acquisition of Covid-19 is associated with high mortality and morbidity. We have analysed the effectiveness of newly designed ‘green’ pathway for elective colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, which aimed to minimise risk of Covid-19. Method Data collected with concurrent implementation of ‘green’ pathway for all patients undergoing CRC surgery over a 6 week period following the ‘first wave’ of the Covid-19 pandemic. The standard audited were appropriately timed pre-operative CT chest, Covid-19 swabs and shielding adherence. The impact of positive pre-operative swabs and post-operative complications were analysed. Additional risk mitigation strategies included dual consultant operating, open operating, and defunctioning ileostomy for high risk anastomoses. Results 49 operations performed of 56 planned. 1 cancelled due to patient being positive for Covid-19, 5 due to progression of cancer on restaging CT, 1 required further medical optimisation. All had a 2 week pre-operative swab and then shielded until the day of the operation. 48/49 had swab 2 days pre-op. CT chest performed in all, 37 (66.7%) were to restage. 4 (8%) had post-operative complication graded as ≥ 2 on Clavien-Dindo score; none of which were Covid related. 1 patient tested positive for Covid-19 post-operatively but remained asymptomatic. All procedures were open and performed by 2 consultants. Conclusion We demonstrate an effective pathway and various operative strategies which can be employed to reduce risk for patients undergoing CRC surgery in the midst of the ongoing global pandemic.

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