How Digitalization can Transform Health, Education and Work as Latin America and the Caribbean Emerge from the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Cabrol ◽  
Cristina Pombo
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Key Questions

Like other historic disruptions, the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered chain-reactions in innovation, adaptation, and rapid behavioral change. The Latin American and Caribbean Region is no exception. The COVID-19 crisis has exposed a vast, pent-up demand for improvements in the quality, convenience, and cost of basic public services. While the ongoing human and economic toll of the pandemic has overshadowed the potential for dramatic and lasting gains in areas such as health, education, and remote work, it is not too early to ask how these gains might be retained and reinforced. This report highlights opportunities in telemedicine, tele-education, and telework the three areas we think are best positioned to achieve a profound digital transformation in the near-term. For each area, we offer a summary of the status quo, examples of early movers and innovators, and key questions regarding policy actions that can accelerate current trends.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF REGIONAL RESPONSE PREPAREDNESS IN THE WIDER CARIBBEAN THROUGH RAC/REMPEITC-CARIBE: ENHANCING A LONG TERM CYCLE

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 1117-1122
Author(s):  
Benjamin Couzigo ◽  
Brian Peter ◽  
Herbert Silonero
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Central America ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Regional Centre ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Caribbean

ABSTRACT RAC/REMPEITC-Caribe is a United Nation'S Regional Activity Centre, established in 1994 by the International Maritime Organization and the United Nations Environment Program for the Caribbean Sea. The Centre exists to assists countries in the Wider Caribbean region and Latin America to prevent and respond to major oil pollution incidents. While developing a systematic approach to capacity building, resulting in comprehensive regional projects including the Caribbean Islands Regional OPRC Plan and the Central America CAOP Project (design to establish a Central America Regional OPRC Plan), the constant interaction of the Centre within the region with the various cultures of response preparedness, regularly raises the following questions:– How to improve a standard, constant, and effective system for capacity building in regards to contingency planning?– How to improve the co-operation between the regional partners?– How to define a better mechanism for funding? The analysis of the last ten years activities developed by the Centre shows the alternation of established priorities developed under the objectives of the strategic plan for enhancing regional response preparedness. Key components for the definition of a long term development cycle, required to build capacity, and enhance regional co-operation, are identified. The elements to stand out are:– the development of a constructive succession in the activities thematic;– a time frame of 5 years to complete a cycle for a regional centre with RAC/REMPEITC characteristics;– the key role of metrics to assess priorities for the cycle;– the need of a common overview of the process to facilitate co-operation / co-ordination;– the need of sustained commitment. The identification of those parameters allow a regional centre to clarify the status of national contingency planning for governments, establish the extent of training and exercises needed in the region and most importantly, facilitates the synchronization of resources and support between stakeholders.

Yellow Fever in the Caribbean

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Latin American ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Forthcoming Article ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Latin American History ◽  
The Caribbean

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin American History. Please check back later for the full article. Yellow fever was one of the most dreaded diseases in the Caribbean region from its first appearance in the 1650s until the confirmation of its spread via the bites of infected mosquitos in 1900. Fear of the disease resulted from not just its high mortality rate, but also the horrifying manner in which it killed its victims: after several days of fever, chills, and body aches, the skin and eyes of those who were most seriously infected would turn yellow as their livers failed, they would bleed from the eyes and nose, and they would succumb to the vomiting of coagulated blood. Because the virus caused only mild symptoms in children and a single episode confers lifetime immunity, the disease did not heavily impact natives of the region. Instead, it was newcomers in the Caribbean who suffered the worst ravages.

scholarly journals Caribbean development: an overview

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-62
Author(s):  
Paul Sutton
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Caribbean

Reviews development in the Caribbean, especially since 1990 to the present, and highlights future development prospects. Author discusses 2 reports from 2005 on present developments problems in the Caribbean region: the economics-focussed 'A time to choose: Caribbean development in the 21st century' by the World Bank, and the UN ECLAC report 'The Millennium Development Goals: a Latin American and Caribbean perspective', with a broader, also social and political, development agenda. He relates what both reports recommend for the Caribbean on the basis of their evaluations of past development. The World Bank report advocates a move toward the services sector, including tourism, offshore education, ICT services, and health services as most viable. The ECLAC report notes some social and political advances in comparison to other developing countries, but also remaining problems and inequalities. The author finds that the World Bank report's neoliberal, one-size-fits-all approach is not mindful of specific Caribbean realities, while the ECLAC study is more sensitive to local realities, and espouses a mixed economy. He thus considers the ECLAC approach preferable, but argues that it needs to go further, as it excludes Cuba and Haiti as atypical states.

scholarly journals Male-On-Male Child and Adolescent Sexual Abuse in the Caribbean Region of Colombia: A Secondary Analysis of Medico-Legal Reports

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8248
Author(s):  
Elsa Lucia Escalante-Barrios ◽  
Sergi Fàbregues ◽  
Julio Meneses ◽  
María del Mar García-Vita ◽  
Daladier Jabba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Abuse ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Latin American Countries

Child and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) is an important global health problem, especially in non-Western low- and middle-income countries. A number of studies have indicated that, in Latin American countries, male CSA is phenomenon of great concern. However, research on this topic is seriously lacking, and more specifically, on male-on-male CSA. We carried out a qualitative and quantitative secondary analysis of 680 cases of alleged male-on-male CSA that occurred between the years 2017 and 2018 in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. We analyzed the contents of forensic interviews with the alleged victims, conducted by professionals working at the Colombian Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences. Our findings indicated a high prevalence of cases of alleged male-on-male CSA among young minors. Most of these cases were allegedly perpetrated by offenders known to the victim and involved high levels of violence. Evidence-based and culturally grounded preventative actions, such as training-based programs for teachers and parents among other public health initiatives are needed to address this type of CSA. Further research is also required to gain a more fine-grained understanding of the cultural and social context of CSA in the Caribbean Latin American countries.

“Closer to the Unfair Reality”: Magnitude and Spatial Analysis of Femicides in Ecuador

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051986372
Author(s):  
Miguel San Sebastián ◽  
Carmen Vives-Cases ◽  
Isabel Goicolea
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
National Network ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Definition Of

During the last 5 years, Ecuador has published a series of progressive laws aiming to protect girls and women against any type of violence. While these efforts are of extreme importance, concerns were raised by national nongovernmental organizations that the official numbers might be biased due to the restricted definition of femicide applied. The main objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and spatial distribution of the femicide rate by province in Ecuador in 2017. Data on cases were collected by a national network of nongovernmental organizations. Age-specific population data were obtained from the National Institute of Statistics for the year 2017. Thematic maps of overall and age-specific femicide rates were also constructed. Moran’s index was used to identify clusters of provinces with similar risks for the occurrence of the outcome. The total number of femicides during 2017 was 155, but age could not be recorded in 9 of those cases. More than one-third of the cases (36.99%) occurred in young women aged 15 to 24 years. The total rate was 1.99/100,000 women. When the femicide definition was restricted to women 15 years and above, the total rate increased to 2.41 cases/100,000. The femicide rate in Orellana boosted to 10.21 cases/100,000 in the age group of 15 years and older, the highest in the country. No pattern of spatial autocorrelation was observed. Femicides in Ecuador is a big public health problem, particularly in certain Amazon provinces. The observed rate for women above the age of 15 years (2.41) places Ecuador among the countries in the Latin American and the Caribbean region with the highest femicide rates. While progressive policies have been implemented in the last years, more educational interventions are needed at all societal levels to eradicate this kind of violence.

Ethical perspectives in Latin America’s journalism community: A comparative analysis of acceptance of controversial practice for investigative reporting

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa de M Higgins Joyce ◽  
Magdalena Saldaña ◽  
Amy Schmitz Weiss ◽  
Rosental C Alves
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Investigative Journalism ◽  
Investigative Reporting ◽  
Investigative Techniques ◽  
The Caribbean

Latin Americans are living in an unprecedented era of democracy while experiencing a spike in investigative journalism production. Investigative journalism holds its own conundrums of ethical decision-making related to techniques used and consequences of its content. This study analyzes ethical interpretations in the region’s investigative journalism community through a comparative analysis based on a survey conducted with journalists, journalism educators, and students from 20 Latin American and Caribbean countries. Our findings highlight the prevalence of a deontological perspective to ethics, with the majority of the respondents rejecting the use of soft-lies as investigative techniques. The study found, however, variability in ethical perspective within Latin America and Caribbean’s geo-cultural regions, with Central America and the Caribbean region leading in opposition and Brazil and the Southern Cone indicating more lenience toward controversial practices. When it comes to source-related controversial techniques, the journalism community in the region overwhelmingly rejects such practices.

scholarly journals Status of the Epidemiological Surveillance Systems for Salt and Water Fluoridation Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Mutis ◽  
Steffany Chamut ◽  
Elías Morón ◽  
Carlos Davila Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Program Improvement ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Epidemiological Surveillance Systems are part of public policies to evaluate the impact of prevention interventions or the occurrence of related health events. In Dental Public Health has been valuable the surveillance systems to follow the fluoridation programs, the prevalence of caries or the fluorosis cases. Purpose: Identify and summarize published information regard the status of fluoridation programs and their epidemiological surveillance systems in Latin America and the Caribbean region. Methods: In this narrative literature review, articles searches in Medline and LILACS, in four languages, was carried out. Results: The authors included the analysis of 291 references published by government entities, international agencies, academic institutions and other sources, and summarizing the synthesis of all findings in two tracking matrices to contribute with new knowledge for policy making and program improvement through monitory systems. The results showed 11 active programs, 18 in uncertain status, and one country projecting a future program. Only six countries that started their fluoridation programs in the mid-eighties in the twentieth century have structured or strengthened a surveillance system for their fluoridation programs. Conclusions: The authors recommend a new stage of international accompaniment by several agencies to resume fluoridation programs in countries where structural, economic, or political factors affected the implementation or continuation of fluoridation programs in the 21st century.     

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