scholarly journals On the specific graphic, orthographic and morphological features of the usus of the monastic scriptoria of Nuremberg in the 15th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Gavriusheva
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Early New High German ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Sources Of Influence

The article examines the graphic, spelling and morphological features characteristic for medieval texts created in Nuremberg. The study involves spiritual literature created in various Nuremberg scriptoria. Each investigated text is considered as an integral and independent graphic and spelling system, consisting of interrelated elements. Following features presented in the studied manuscripts are revealed in the course of the analysis of the texts: the Middle and Early New High German features, features characteristic of the Southeastern, East Frankish and Nuremberg dialects, as well as the spelling features. The reasons for the differences between the graphic and spelling systems of the studied texts from the phonetic system of Early New High German and intertextual differences are subject to interpretation. The analysis of the scriptoria peculiarities makes it possible to determine the place of graphic and orthographic systems in the context of Early New High German linguistic dynamics, as well as the degree of influence of various dialects on them. When considering the graphic and orthographic features of the studied texts, the specificity of the written fixation of Early New High German is taken into account as well as the fact that the urban written language and the urban dialect are different sources of influence on the formation of the written tradition of each scriptorium. This study allows to conclude about the degree of independence of the graphic and spelling systems of manuscripts and about the usability of the norms of the written language of the period under study.

Polarization and the Emergence of a Written Marker. A Diachronic Corpus Study of the Adnominal Genitive in German

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-182
Author(s):  
Simon Pickl
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Data Basis ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Divergent Development ◽  
Early New High German ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Linguistic Usage

This article investigates the diachrony of the adnominal genitive in written German by analyzing its usage in a diachronic corpus of sermons from the Upper German dialect area spanning the time from the 9th to the 19th century. The wide temporal scope allows for a better assessment of the events relating to the genitive’s disappearance from spoken German in Early New High German and the successive rise of its adnominal form in written German. Sermons make it possible to study the phenomenon over a long time because they provide a relatively consistent data basis in terms of genre and region. At the same time, as a genre that has characteristics of both spoken and written language, sermons show signs of changing stylistic trends, which makes them valuable for gaining insights in the divergent development of genitive use in spoken and written German. In order to characterize this divergence better, I use the concept of polarization, which describes the differentiation of linguistic usage between disparate contexts such as speech and writing. It becomes clear that the changes in genitive use found in the corpus cannot be viewed independently of sociopragmatic factors and their impact on the stylistic shape of the texts.*

scholarly journals Franciscan Order from Reform of Fr. Paolo a Trinci to the Division of the Order in 1517. The Evidence from the Franciscan sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-256
Author(s):  
Daniel Patafta
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Observant Movement ◽  
Franciscan Order ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Different Sources

These article examine the circumstances which bring to the division of Franciscan Order in 1517. It begins with beginning of small Reform movement of Fr. Paolo of Trinci at 1368 which outgrow in 15th century in strong Observant movement. The question of observing the Rule of St. Francis was basic problem between Observants and Conventuals, and it grow in big ecclesiastical, political and social problem which was solved at 1517 bay division of the Order. Article is mostly based on published different sources of Franciscan history. Most of these sources are original sources published in various publications of Collegii di S. Bonaventura, in 19th and 20th century.

scholarly journals Zur graphischen Gestalt der deutschen Berufsbezeichnungen in den lateinischen Eintragungen des Thorner Proskriptionsbuches aus den Jahren 1358–1412

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 141-166
Author(s):  
Piotr A. Owsiński ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Europe ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Job Titles ◽  
Sound Changes ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Early New High German ◽  
New City

The article presents the results of a phonemic-graphemic analysis of German official job titles in the Latin proscription entries from the turn of the 15th century, which come from the Book of the proscribed people from the New City of Thorn/Toruń, and were written down in the Silesian dialect of Early New High German. Due to the analysis, it could be proved that the text contains the majority of the standard Early New High German features as well as the dialectal structures and the sound changes which are characteristic for the Silesian dialect, which spread in Central, Eastern and Southeast Europe within the context of German Eastwards Expansion. All the results of the exploration are supported with appropriate examples.

scholarly journals Endless cold: a seasonal reconstruction of temperature and precipitation in the Burgundian Low Countries during the 15th century based on documentary evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Camenisch
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
Historical Climatology ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract. This paper applies the methods of historical climatology to present a climate reconstruction for the area of the Burgundian Low Countries during the 15th century. The results are based on documentary evidence that has been handled very carefully, especially with regard to the distinction between contemporary and non-contemporary sources. Approximately 3000 written records deriving from about 100 different sources were examined and converted into seasonal seven-degree indices for temperature and precipitation. For the Late Middle Ages only a few climate reconstructions exist. There are even fewer reconstructions which include winter and autumn temperature or precipitation at all. This paper therefore constitutes a useful contribution to the understanding of climate and weather conditions in the less well researched but highly interesting 15th century.

scholarly journals Rola tekstów o charakterze religijnym XVIII wieku w poznaniu żywego języka ruskojęzycznej ludności dawnej Rzeczypospolitej (na materiale tekstu Bohosłowija nrawouczytelnaja, Poczajów 1751)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXIV) ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Joanna Getka
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Textual Features

The purpose of this article is to present the role of religious texts in the analysis of common language of the people of the former Commonwealth of the Two Nations. The subject of the analysis is the text Bohoslowija nrawouczytelnaja... published in the basilian’s printing house in Pochayev in 1751. Textual features of living Ukrainian language (approximation of articulation [i] and [y], hardness [t] and [d], morphological features) are common tendencies, and can be a testimony of the state of the Ukrainian language of the eighteenth century. The analysis supports the thesis of evolutionary development of Ukrainian written language.

Die Schreibsprache der Briefe von Wilhelm von Berg (1401–1428)

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-137
Author(s):  
Akira Kusamoto
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Written Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Letter Writer ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western ◽  
New Location

Abstract The purpose of this study was to discover the language preferences of a letter writer for Wilhelm von Berg (1401–1428) in 15th century Westphalia. Various written languages such as Ripuarian, Westphalian and Eastphalian were already established in the region and it is known that writers sometimes mixed one language variation with the other. The study also considers other questions: i) Did writers maintain their prior-developed writing habits? ii) Did they learn the written language practiced at a new location when changing their place of work? The research uses a collection of correspondences between Wilhelm and his siblings, most of which are published here for the first time. They cover his frequent moves from within North-Western Germany when he either wrote letters himself or had them written for him. The study starts with distinguishing the handwritings of his letters, and then moves to an analysis of language variations used through a comparison of specific words. Results show that changing location for one writer (probably Wilhelm himself) did not greatly influence his language use, but that he took on new variants of certain words in his letters.

Montmorillonite Dendrites

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Necip Güven ◽  
Rodney W. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Dendritic Crystal ◽  
Crystal Growth Mechanism

Morphological features of montmorillonite aggregates in a large number of samples suggest that they may be formed by a dendritic crystal growth mechanism (i.e., tree-like growth by branching of a growth front).

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