scholarly journals Respuesta de quince introducciones de tomate cherry (Solanum lycopersicum L.) al nematodo nodulador (Meloidogyne spp. GOELDI) e identificación de las especies

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (156) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Luisa Fernanda Cardona-Piedrahíta ◽  
Jairo Castaño-Zapata ◽  
Nelson Ceballos Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

<p>Meloidogyne spp. es un problema de gran importancia económica en el cultivo de tomate tipo cherry, causando pérdidas en rendimiento del 25 al 50%, lo cual conlleva a la búsqueda de materiales silvestres resistentes o promisorios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue contribuir en el conocimiento de la epidemiología del nematodo del Nudo radical, causado por Meloidogyne spp. en quince introducciones de tomate silvestre tipo cereza sembrados a libre exposición y bajo semitecho y, determinar las especies de Meloidogyne presentes en el cultivo. Se utilizó un diseño de parcelas divididas, las parcelas principales fueron asignadas a los dos sistemas de producción (libre exposición y semitecho), mientras que las subparcelas fueron asignadas a las introducciones de tomate, con cuatro repeticiones. El tamaño efectivo de la unidad experimental fue de cuatro plantas por repetición. Se evaluó el daño radical causado por el nematodo y se hizo identificación de especies tanto en hembras como en juveniles (J2). Se realizó un análisis de varianza y pruebas de promedio tipo Duncan. En el sistema productivo a libre exposición la población de nematodos osciló entre 29.472 en IAC1624 y 170.804 en IAC421 con un promedio de 97.677 nematodos y en el sistema bajo semitecho, osciló entre 57.871 en IAC391 y 197.800 en LA2692 con un promedio de 108.572 nematodos, lo que demuestra que este sistema reduce el ciclo del nematodo, y por consiguiente, aumenta la población. Las especies identificadas según el método del patrón perineal sobre las hembras fueron Meloidogyne incognita (80%) y Meloidogyne javanica (20%). © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.</p>

scholarly journals Identifikasi Spesies Nematoda Meloidogyne sp pada Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L) dan Seledri (Apium graveolens L) di Samarinda

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Igensius Balkan
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Celery Plant ◽  
Meloidogyne Sp

Nematodes are harmful organisms for tomato and celery plants. The aim of this research is to know Meloidogynespecies that attack tomato and celery plants. The locations are in Lempake and in Sambutan, Samarinda city, EastKalimantan. Identification of nematode species is based on morphometric and perennial parten characteristics. Nematodeextract was performed by root stenning method and nematode surgery. The result showed that there was one species(Meloidogyne javanica) of nematode at root of tomato and celery plant in Lempake, while in Sambutan showed that therewere two species of Meloidogyne, they are Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita. Based on this research showedthat nematodes Meloidogyne are the most enermoust nematodes on tomato and celery plants in Samarinda.

scholarly journals Effect of Individual, Simultaneous and Sequential Inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Meloidogyne incognita on Growth, Biochemical, Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidants of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Ahmed Noureldeen ◽  
Mohd Asif ◽  
Taruba Ansari ◽  
Faryad Khan ◽  
Mohammad Shariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Defensive Enzymes ◽  
Sequential Inoculation ◽  
Nonenzymatic Antioxidants

This study was conducted on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. K-21) to investigate the bioprotective nature of Pseudomonas fluorescens and its interactive effects with Meloidogyne incognita in terms of growth biomarkers, changes in biochemical attributes and modulation in antioxidant enzymes of the tomato plant. In this study, we grew tomato plants with M. incognita and P. fluorescens in separate pots, simultaneously and sequentially (15 days prior or post) after 15 days of seed sowing. The sequential inoculation of Mi15→Pf maximally increased the root-knot index and decreased the nematode population. It was also noted that inoculation suppressed the plant growth biomarkers in comparison to control. However, maximum suppression in nematode reproduction and increment in growth and physiological attributes were observed when P. fluorescens was applied 15 days prior to the nematode (Pf15→Mi) as compared to control. All the treatments showed an increase in antioxidant enzymes. Expression of phenol content and defensive enzymes such as peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased, in contrast to a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents when compared with the untreated inoculated plants. However, the highest levels of POX and SOD, and a lowest of phenol, MDA and H2O2 were displayed in the treatment Pf15→Mi, followed by Mi+Pf and Mi15→Pf.

scholarly journals Τhe Nematicidal Potential of Bioactive Streptomyces Strains Isolated from Greek Rhizosphere Soils Tested on Arabidopsis Plants of Varying Susceptibility to Meloidogyne spp.

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Christianna Meidani ◽  
Alexandros Savvidis ◽  
Evaggelia Lampropoulou ◽  
Aggeliki Sagia ◽  
Efstathios Katsifas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Culture Supernatants

A total of 461 indigenous Streptomycetes strains recovered from various Greek rhizosphere habitats were tested for their bioactivity. All isolates were examined for their ability to suppress the growth of 12 specific target microorganisms. Twenty-six were found to exert antimicrobial activity and were screened for potential nematicidal action. S. monomycini ATHUBA 220, S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438, S. colombiensis ATHUBA 431, and S. youssoufensis ATHUBA 546 were proved to have a nematicidal effect and thus were further sequenced. Batch culture supernatants and solvent extracts were assessed for paralysis on Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (J2). The solvent extracts of S. monomycini ATHUBA 220 and S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438 had the highest paralysis rates, so these Streptomycetes strains were further on tested for nematodes’ biological cycle arrest on two Arabidopsis thaliana plants; the wild type (Col-0) and the katanin mutant fra2, which is susceptible to M. incognita. Interestingly, S. monomycini ATHUBA 220 and S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438 were able to negatively affect the M. incognita biological cycle in Col-0 and fra2 respectively, and increased growth in Col-0 upon M. incognita infection. However, they were ineffective against M. javanica. Fra2 plants were also proved susceptible to M. javanica infestation, with a reduced growth upon treatments with the Streptomyces strains. The nematicidal action and the plant-growth modulating abilities of the selected Streptomycetes strains are discussed.

scholarly journals Resistência de porta-enxertos para pessegueiro e ameixeira aos nematóides causadores de galhas (Meloidogyne spp.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Fachinello ◽  
Carlos Augusto Posser Silva ◽  
Cesar Sperandio ◽  
Alexandre Couto Rodrigues ◽  
Eder Zarnott Strelow
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de comparar o comportamento de cinco diferentes porta-enxertos para frutas de caroço em frente a duas espécies de nematóides do gênero Meloidogyne (Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne incognita). O cultivar GF 677 foi obtido a partir do cultivo in vitro e os demais porta-enxertos a partir de sementes. Aos dois meses, as plântulas foram repicadas e inoculadas com uma mistura de Meloidogyne javanica e M. incognita aos 30, 60 e 70 dias após o plantio em canteiros incorporando-se 0,2kg de solo altamente infestado com os nematóides ao redor de cada planta. Ao final do experimento, avaliaram-se o desenvolvimento das plantas e o grau de infecção de cada cultivar. O grau de resistência dos cultivares foi estimado a partir do índice de galhas, obtido através de uma escala de grau ou nota, a qual varia de 0 a 5, em função do número de galhas ou ootecas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o cultivar Okinawa não apresentou galhas no sistema radicular e na análise de crescimento foi superior aos demais cultivares. Os cultivares R-15-2 e Aldrighi foram considerados resistentes aos fitonematóides por apresentarem pequeno número de galhas no sistema radicular. Já o cultivar GF 677 apresentou maior número de galhas no sistema radicular, chegando a 126 galhas/g de raiz.

scholarly journals Heritability of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Resistance in Sweetpotatoes

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 622a-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Maluf ◽  
S. M. Azevedo ◽  
V.P. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Diverse Origin ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Heritabilities for resistance to root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita races 1, 2, 3, and 4) were studied in a population of 226 sweetpotato clones of diverse origin. For each nematode isolate tested, 128-cell speedling trays were filled with previously inoculated substrate (30000 eggs/1000 mL substrate). Sweetpotato clones suitably tagged and identified were randomly planted in the cells (one plant/cell), with a total of four plants per clone per isolate. Ninety days after inoculation, sweetpotato plants had their roots washed for substrate removal, and treated with 150 mg·L–1 Phloxine B to stain nematode egg masses. The number of egg masses per root was recorded, and plants were accordingly assigned scores from 0 (highly resistant) to 5 (highly susceptible). Broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87, 0.91, 0.81, 0.95, and 0.93 respectively for resistance to M. javanica and races 1, 2, 3, and 4 of M. incognita. The frequencies of resistant genotypes were higher for M. javanica and lower for M. incognita race 2. Genotypic correlations (rG) among the resistances to the various Meloidogyne isolates utilized were weak, ranging from 0.11 to 0.57, suggesting independent genetic controls. Clones could be selected, however, with high levels of resistance to all nematode isolates tested. (This work was supported by CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, and FAEPE/UFLA.)

scholarly journals Especies nativas de Trichoderma spp. y su actividad antagónica contra Meloidogyne incognita en Solanum lycopersicum L.

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Jiram Ivan Cetz Chi ◽  
Jairo Cristóbal Alejo ◽  
José María Tún Suárez ◽  
Fernando Antonio Peraza Luna ◽  
Juan Candelero De la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L

En condiciones protegidas, se evaluó el potencial antagónico de cinco especies nativas de Trichoderma; T. harzianum (Th02-04), T. harzianum (Th10-D86), T. simmonsi (Th33-58), T. virens (Th33-59) y T. virens  (Th26-52), especies comerciales y un testigo sin inoculantes fúngicos, distribuidas en un diseño completamente al azar y cuatro repeticiones en plántulas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), inoculadas con tres aplicaciones de 1 x106 conidias ml-1. Se inocularon 18, 500 huevos de M. incognita y 10 ml con la concentración inicial de las conidias fúngicas, con aplicaciones al momento, a los ocho y 15 días después del trasplante. El producto comercial y las especies T. virens (Th26-52 y Th3359) lograron disminuir hasta 22% la formación de agallas, 87 y 52.39% de inhibición de producción de formación de hembras por gramo de raíz. El control de estas especies contra el nematodo favoreció el mejor crecimiento vegetativo de las plantas.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI BERBASIS MORFOLOGI NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp.) PADA PERTANAMAN JAMBU BIJI KRISTAL DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Amirul Syahid ◽  
I G Swibawa ◽  
Solikhin Solikhin ◽  
Yuyun Fitriana
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Jambu biji Kristal saat ini populer di Lampung di antara buah-buahan tropika lainnya. Salah OPT penting yang menyerang jambu biji ini yaitu nematoda puru akar (NPA). Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari spesies nematoda puru akar yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jambu biji kristal di Lampung dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2019. Pengambilan sampel nematoda dilakukan pada lahan pertanaman jambu biji kristal di PT GGF, PT GGP, dan di desa Sinar Betung Kecamatan Talang Padang Kabupaten Tanggamus. Sebanyak 40 sampel akar jambu diambil dari ketiga perkebunan tersebut dan dilakukan penghitungan nematoda betina dewasa di Laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan Universitas Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah puru yang tinggi ditemukan pada pertanaman GGF 2 yaitu 88 puru/g akar, dan rendah di PT GGP yaitu 27,6 puru/g akar.  Jumlah juvenil tinggi yaitu 351 indiv/g akar ditemukan pada Blok pertanaman 41 D2, dan rendah yaitu 10 indiv/g akar di blok pertanaman 2 J1, PT GGP Lampung Tengah. Ditemukan dua spesies nematoda puru akar, yaitu Meloidogyne incognita dan Meloidogyne Javanica, dengan komposisi masing-masing 97,3% dan 3,33%.

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