scholarly journals Measurement and Feature Analysis of Plantar Pressure Center in Athletes under Different Exercise Modes

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-403
Author(s):  
Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Pressure Center ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Exercise Mode ◽  
Foot Progression Angle ◽  
Main Observation ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Left And Right

Walking and running, two essential exercises in daily training for athletes, are major causes to foot injuries. The plantar pressure center (PPC) can accurately reflect the gait process, and effectively measure the function of foot. This paper measures the PPC trajectories of a total of 45 athletes during the support period of walking and running, and analyzes their regularities under different exercise modes. The time percentage of PPC trajectory and foot progression angle were selected as the main observation indices. The support period under each exercise mode was divided into four phases: the initial contact phase (ICP), the forefoot contact phase (FFCP), the foot flat phase (FFP), and the forefoot push off phase (FFPOP). The statistical analysis shows that: Under the running mode, the time of the heel landing on the ground and the relative load on the heel decrease with the growing speed. Under the same exercise mode, the left and right feet differ slightly in the PPC trajectory; the foot progression angle peaks in FFPOP and minimizes in FFP. In ICP and FFPOP, the foot progression angle under running is smaller than that under walking; in FFP and FFCP, the foot progression angle under running is larger than that under walking. The research results provide the scientific basis for the reasonable arrangement of athlete training.

The Effect of High-Intensity Intermittent Training on the Acute Gait Plantar Pressure in Healthy Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Xin Yan Jiang ◽  
Shu Dong Li ◽  
Ee Chon Teo ◽  
Zhe Xiao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Intermittent Training

High-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) has been successfully applied in various sports activities, as HIIT was considered as one of the most efficient training methods of exercise for improving physical performance and reducing the weight of overweight individuals. However, its acute effects of HIIT on gait and balance performance were not addressed. Thus, in this study we examined the acute effects of HIIT on dynamic postural control compared with steady-state training (SST) by analyzing plantar pressure parameters. In this study, sixteen healthy male adults were examined in 3 days. After exhaustive ramp-like cycle ergometer testing, the maximal heart rate (HRmax) of each participant was determined on the first day, then either a 20 minutes HIIT at 80–90% of HRmax or a 20 minutes SST at 60% of HRmax was randomly performed on the second and third day, respectively. Plantar pressure parameters were collected at comfortable walking velocity immediately after HIIT and SST respectively, and compared with the baseline data of plantar pressure gathered before maximal ramp test on the first day. The results showed significant differences in the plantar pressure in these three conditions of gait. Compared to pre-intervention and pre-SST, peak pressure and maximum force in the middle and lateral metatarsal increased significantly in post-HIIT. Meanwhile, the foot balance data indicate that post-HIIT exhibits more foot pronation than baseline. The center of pressure (COP) trajectory was medially shifted during the stance phase in post-SST, and noticeably in post-HIIT. The displacement and velocity of medial-lateral COP in the initial contact phase were greater in post-HIIT; while during the forefoot contact phase, post-HIIT showed fewer time percentages and greater velocity of medial-lateral COP. In conclusion, a single high-intensity intermittent training session adversely affected the acute dynamic postural control than steady-state training in healthy male adults.

Effects of Experience on Gymnasts’ Kinematics and Performances

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1280-1285
Author(s):  
Courtney Middelcoop ◽  
Colten Fales ◽  
Richard T. Stone ◽  
Joseph Kim ◽  
Kristina Schaffhausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Sweet Spot ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Consistent Performance ◽  
And Performance

In studying the effects of expertise on different performance aspects of the gymnastic vault event, various springboard types with similar compression forces were evaluated between expert and novice-level gymnasts. Surface EMGs (sEMG) were placed on four major muscles (biceps femoris, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius medialis, and tibialis anterior) to find each gymnasts’ maximum voluntary contraction. Similarly, board compression and knee flexion angles were also captured at various phases of the performed vaults. Given that gymnasts with more expertise were more consistent in their landing spot on the various vault boards, they had more consistent performance outputs as a result. Expert gymnasts did this by more accurately hitting the sweet spot, more consistently activating their hamstring and gastrocnemius, and decreasing variability during the initial contact phase. By doing this, board compression and performance were both optimized. Coaches can use this information to accelerate the development of novice gymnasts by targeting these aspects.

Designing, Executing, and Evaluating a U.S. Government-Led National Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) Drill

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Cashman ◽  
Jackie Stephens ◽  
LT Thomas Boyles
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Production Phase ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
Planning Cycle ◽  
Phase Coordination ◽  
National Preparedness ◽  
Response Exercise

ABSTRACT Planning, designing, and executing an area exercise in accordance with the National Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) Guidelines is an extensive time and resource undertaking. Since it's inception in 1991, the National Strike Force Coordination Center (NSFCC) has designed, updated and tested a successful exercise development process. This overview of the process outlines requirements necessary to manage a coordinated exercise development, execution, and follow up lessons learned. The process follows a 24-week cycle depending upon the needs of the organizations being exercised. The NSFCC must adhere to and follow the planning cycle because: at least three other government-led exercises are undergoing development at any given time; adequate time is needed for the Joint Design Team to plan effectively and provide the required data to the NSFCC; members of the Area Committee need time to accomplish their own exercise preparation processes; and time is needed to produce the exercise manuals and arrange logistics for personnel and equipment. The cycle is broken into six phases: the Initial Contact Phase, Coordination & Initial Production Phase, Interim Production Phase, Final Production Phase, Exercise Execution Phase, and Report Development Phase (Figure 1).

Foot Loading Associated with Barefoot, Shod, and Minimalist Running in Male Rearfoot Strikers

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauthier Debugne ◽  
Maarten Eerdekens ◽  
Helen Peters ◽  
Filip Staes ◽  
William Bertucii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Barefoot Running ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Foot Loading ◽  
Plantar Force

Background We aimed to determine the center of pressure (COP) trajectories and regional pressure differences in natural rearfoot strikers while running barefoot, running with a minimalist shoe, and running with a traditional shoe. Methods Twenty-two male natural rearfoot strikers ran at an imposed speed along an instrumented runway in three conditions: barefoot, with a traditional shoe, and with a minimalist shoe. Metrics associated to the COP and regional plantar force distribution, captured with a pressure platform, were compared using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results The forefoot contact phase was found to be significantly shorter in the barefoot running trials compared with the shod conditions (P = .003). The initial contact of the COP was located more anteriorly in the barefoot running trials. The mediolateral position of the COP at initial contact was found to be significantly different in the three conditions, whereas the final mediolateral position of the COP during the forefoot contact phase was found to be more lateral in the barefoot condition compared with both shod conditions (P = .0001). The metrics associated with the regional plantar force distribution supported the clinical reasoning with respect to the COP findings. Conclusions The minimalist shoe seems to provide a compromise between barefoot running and running with a traditional shoe.

Changes in Coagulation Factors by Passage through a Dextran Sulfate Cellulose Column during Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kojima ◽  
M. Harada-Shiba ◽  
Y. Toyota ◽  
G. Kimura ◽  
M. Tsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Nafamostat Mesilate ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Cellulose Column

To determine the extent of adsorption of coagulation factors by a dextran sulfate cellulose column used for selective removal of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), various coagulation factors were measured before and after application to the column during LDL apheresis. The column almost completely adsorbed many coagulation factors. Although the bradykinin concentration was markedly increased by passing the plasma through the column, this increment was suppressed by nafamostat mesilate which inhibits the initial contact phase of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. The von Willebrand factor, which forms a complex with factor VIII in plasma, is reduced in apheresis with nafamostat mesilate to the same extent as in apheresis without nafamostat mesilate. Thus, coagulation factors seem to be adsorbed by different mechanisms which include activation of the initial contact phase by the negative charges of dextran sulfate and concomitant adsorption with the phospholipid portion of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B or with von Willebrand factor.

Troughing after Scarf Osteotomy Leads to Minimal Gait Alterations

2014 ◽  
Vol 601 ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Horia Hărăgus ◽  
Radu Prejbeanu ◽  
Dinu Vermesan ◽  
Ciprian Bogdan ◽  
Mirela Toth-Taşcău
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Scarf Osteotomy ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Plantar Force ◽  
Force Data ◽  
Pressure Analysis

We aimed to investigate whether troughing during scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus can be determined using plantar pressure analysis. In order to quantify the foot print area of a patient at 7 and 12 weeks after the surgery, the raw pressure data were exported to two matrixes. Each matrix has the size of the force distribution platform and contains the plantar force data of the patient in gait movement. These large matrixes containing both left and right pressure data were divided in small size matrixes and averaged. The computation was done in Matlab. The matrixes were flipped up in order to have the natural position of the footprint. The two were plotted as contours in Z axis but kept the external contours only. This difference was measured by subtracting the areas of the two contours. The results are typical footprints for left and right legs, at predetermined follow-up points.

Impact of foot progression angle on the distribution of plantar pressure in normal children

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Cheng Lai ◽  
Huey-Shyan Lin ◽  
Hui-Fen Pan ◽  
Wei-Ning Chang ◽  
Chien-Jen Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Foot Progression Angle

scholarly journals Oscillation of plantar pressure center in athletes and non-athletes with and without ankle sprains

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Kenzo Saito ◽  
Martina Navarro ◽  
Marcelo Faria Silva ◽  
Eduardo Kenzo Arie ◽  
Maria Stella Peccin
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Pressure Center

A new method to normalize plantar pressure measurements for foot size and foot progression angle

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L.W. Keijsers ◽  
N.M. Stolwijk ◽  
B. Nienhuis ◽  
J. Duysens
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Foot Progression Angle

scholarly journals Kinesiological characteristics of ankle joint and rearfoot motion

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
Dusko Spasovski ◽  
Zoran Vukasinovic ◽  
Vladan Stevanovic ◽  
Nemanja Slavkovic
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Talocrural Joint ◽  
Foot Bones ◽  
Joint Axis ◽  
Walking Pattern ◽  
Tarsal Bones

Kinesiological analysis of tarsal bones provides better understanding of foot disorders, especially in early childhood, when radiography is hindered by delayed ossification of foot bones. Children begin to walk in the age of 9-15 months, with rearfoot inversion only in initial contact phase, while inversion during terminal stance phase is delayed. Adult walking pattern is usually established at six years of age. Talocrural joint axis medial slope shifts during movements depending on the what part of talus comes in contact with maleolli. As a result, plantar flexion includes valgus, and dorsal flexion includes varus inclination. Subtalar joint axis highly varies among individuals: from 200-680 in sagittal and from 40-470 in frontal plane, with impact on coupled lower leg rotation movements around longitudinal axis. Midtarsal joint has two axes, and their position control the rigidity of forefoot and midfoot kinetic chain. Movement planes of tarsal bones strongly influence walking pattern as well as secure foot development.

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