scholarly journals Two Stages Thermal and Catalytic Cracking of Polyethylene Terephthalate to Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
Shams N. Almutalabi ◽  
Mohammed Alzuhairi ◽  
Fadhil A. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Stages

PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is made up of polymerized repeating units of the ethylene terephthalate monomer (C10H8O4). PET is a recyclable plastic with the number 1 as its identification code. PET, which has a molecular weight of 192 gm/mole and contains 62.5 percent carbon, 33.3 percent oxygen, and 4.2 percent hydrogen, is utilized as synthetic fiber, polyester, plastic packaging, and soft drink containers all over the world. The main purpose of this study is to convert PET waste into liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Because PET use has risen significantly over the world, and the bulk of garbage is thrown into the soil rather than recycled, posing an environmental risk. During the heat breakdown phase, PET decomposes. It creates very strong and solid non-biodegradable terephthalic acid and benzoic acid complexes. To obtain liquid hydrocarbon fuel from PET, at 250-300℃, calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 is used as a catalyst in this study.

scholarly journals Influence of Ni Promotion on Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel Production over Co/CNT Catalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 3961-3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shurong Wang ◽  
Qianqian Yin ◽  
Jinfeng Guo ◽  
Lingjun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Fuel Production

Identifying the best practices in green operations strategy of hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1106-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazan Khalid Abed-Allah Migdadi ◽  
Abeer Ahmad Omari
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Operations Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainability Reports ◽  
Two Stages

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the best practices in the green operations strategy of hospitals. Design/methodology/approach A total of 25 cases from all over the world were investigated. The source of data was the annual sustainability reports that were retrieved from Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) database. The present research adopted the benchmarking method and the quantitative content analysis of sustainability reports. Then, the indicative models of best practices were developed by using two analysis approaches; within cluster analysis and across clusters analysis. Findings This study found four major taxonomies of green operation strategy in hospitals. The significant strategic groups were resources/waste management; electrical power management; non-hazardous waste management; and emissions/resources management. Indicative models for the relationship between actions and key green performance indicators were developed in the two stages of the analysis. Originality/value The best practices of green operations strategies in hospitals have not so far been investigated. Countries around the world should obey the new regulations for their environmental footprint; if they do, it will exert pressure on all sectors and organizations at all levels to take immediate steps to measure and improve their environmental performance.

Stabilization of liquid hydrocarbon fuel combustion by using a programmable microwave discharge in a subsonic airflow

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Kopyl ◽  
O. S. Surkont ◽  
V. M. Shibkov ◽  
L. V. Shibkova
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Discharge ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Fuel Combustion

WIID Companion (March 2021): integrated and standardized series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gradín
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Annual Series ◽  
Previous Note ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Goal ◽  
World Income ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
General Regression

This document is part of a series of technical notes describing the compilation of a new companion database that complements the World Income Inequality Database. It aims at facilitating the analysis of inequality as well as progress in achieving the global goal of reducing inequality within and across countries. This new dataset also includes an annual series reporting the income distribution at the percentile level for all citizens in the world, regardless of where they live, since 1950 to present. A previous note described the selection of income distribution series. Since these series may differ across welfare concepts and other methods used, this technical note describes the second stage, constructing integrated and standardized country series. It discusses all the necessary adjustments conducted to construct the final series for each country, with consistent estimates of the distribution of net income per capita over the entire period for which information is available. This is mainly divided into two stages. First, integrating country series by interlinking series that overlap over time, then using a more general regression-based approach.

Effect of Long-Lived Species Generated by Non-Thermal Plasmas on the Auto-Ignition Delay of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel-Air Pre-Mixtures

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (9) ◽  
pp. 1624-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Ono ◽  
Takehiko Segawa ◽  
Naoaki Saito ◽  
Eiichi Takahashi ◽  
Makihito Nishioka
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Thermal Plasmas ◽  
Auto Ignition

scholarly journals Competitiveness analysis of Czech agrarian foreign trade in the context of world agrarian market and agrarian trade of EU-27 countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-514
Author(s):  
Miroslav Svatoš ◽  
Luboš Smutka
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
View Point ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Bcg Matrix ◽  
The World ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Balassa Index ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyses the commodity structure of Czech (CR) agrarian trade in relation to the EU countries. An emphasis is put on comparative advantages of particular aggregations from the view-point of their application on the EU internal market. This analysis is based on an evaluation of comparative advantages by means of a modified Balassa index. It is studied in two stages, for the internal EU market and the world market. The analysis results are then shown in a graph. Subsequently, the authors implement an idea arising from a BCG matrix on the results of the graphic presentation. The aim is to identify those aggregations (SITC, rev. 3) which are or have a potential to be a pillar of agri-business (ie, the “cash cows” and “stars”), and vice versa to show the aggregation which are non-prospective in the long term or problematic (ie, the “dogs” and “problem children”). As start are identified as those aggregations which are characterised by the highest growth rate of comparative advantage value. From the analysis results, changes are apparent if we compare the CR trade commodity structure in relation to the EU countries. Findings also concern the development of comparative advantages and following CR specialisation on trade with certain aggregations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document