scholarly journals Floristic composition and weed number dynamics of agrophytocenosis in crop rotation of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region

2018 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
V.I. Morozov ◽  
◽  
A.L. Toygildin ◽  
M.I. Podsevalov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Number Dynamics

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF SOIL TILLAGE AND PLANT PROTECTION OF GRAIN LEGUMES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
A.L. Toygildin ◽  
◽  
M.I. Podsevalov ◽  
R.A. Mustafina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Yield Increase

The article presents results of studies of comparative productivity and cultivation economic efficiency of soybeans, peas, lupine and chickpeas, depending on main tillage systems in crop rotation and the level of plant protection from harmful organisms. Grain legumes are capable of forming a seed yield of 2.0 t / ha in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. Three-year experimental studies have shown that the studied leguminous crops can be arranged in the following row according to the yield level: peas - 2.51 t / ha> lupine - 2.12 t / ha> chickpea –2.11 t / ha> soybean - 2.10 t / ha. Evaluation of the effect of soil tillage in cultivation of grain legumes showed a significant yield increase by plowing for 25-27 cm in comparison with tillage for 12-14 cm for all the studied crops, a yield increase for adaptive-integrated plant protection was also noted in comparison with minimum protection (protection only against weeds). Studies show that lupine crops had an advantage in protein content, its yield is from 533 to 802 kg / ha, as for soybeans, protein yield was 449-666 kg / ha, peas - 430-521 kg / ha, and chickpeas - 346-486 kg / ha with the advantage of the mentioned variants. A higher conditional net income was obtained on soybeans (31555-44584 rubles / ha) and chickpeas (27777-40037 rubles / ha), especially on combined tillage in crop rotation. Plant protection systems had an equal impact on economic efficiency of their cultivation; in some variants, adaptively integrated plant protection was less effective

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOLOGIZATION TECHNIQUES IN LINKS OF CROP ROTATIONS WITH WINTER WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
А. L Toygildin ◽  
◽  
V. I. Morozov ◽  
М. I. Podsevalov ◽  
D.E. Ayupov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Fertilizer System

The performance of the set tasks for the production of the necessary volumes of grain is possible only on the basis of a scientific-based approach to the development of agricultural technologies on a systematic basis. Research aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of methods of biologization of crop rotation links with winter wheat at the expense of grain legumes and organomineral fertilizer systems in conditions of forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. The research was carried out in years long stationary field trial of the department of agriculture, crop production and breeding of FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU in 4-6-month field crop rotations. The objects of study were of crop rotation links with winter wheat: 1) complete fallow-winter wheat; 2) peas - winter wheat; 3) Lupin - winter wheat; 4) Lupin + peas - winter wheat. In the structure of land use, there is still a high share of complete fallow, which has negative environmental consequences. The main reason for the introduction of complete fallows is the preservation of moisture for seeding winter crops. However, our research shows that when replacing complete fallows to grain legumes (peas, white lupine), 23.0-25.0 mm of productive moisture accumulates in the soil before seeding winter wheat, which, if agrotechnical requirements are met, allows you to get seedlings and sufficient development of winter wheat in the autumn period. Despite the higher yield of winter wheat by complete fallow, the productivity of links with legumes was higher. The inclusion of grain legumes in crop rotations as steam-generating crops can be used to eliminate the negative effects of complete fallow. The results obtained allow us to recommend combined tillage that includes soil loosening for grain legumes and surface tillage for winter wheat, as well as to use the organomineral fertilizer system straw + NPK, while the doses of mineral fertilizers are calculated on the planned yield of grain legumes of 2.5-3.0 t/ha and winter wheat - 4.5 t/ha.

Archaeological Materials of Eneolithic Settlements in Forest-Steppe Zone of the Volga Region: A Source for Diet and Chronology

Radiocarbon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1587-1596
Author(s):  
A Korolev ◽  
M Kulkova M ◽  
V Platonov ◽  
N Roslyakova ◽  
A Shalapinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Settlement Site ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

ABSTRACTThe study the diet of Eneolithic populations is of great interest to archaeologists. However, the studies undertaken in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Volga region in Russia have left many issues unsolved. Data collected recently through the comprehensive studies of Lebyazhinka VI settlement enable us to change this situation. Of particular importance at this settlement site is good preservation of animal bones, bone fishing tools, and ceramics of the same type with food crusts and connected to a large house pit. For the first time in this geographical area, bones of domestic animals were found in the fill of a dwelling. The aim of this paper is to present the results obtained through comprehensive studies of diet and economy in the Eneolithic based on the materials from Lebyazhinka III and Lebyazhinka VI settlement sites. The main results of the archaeozoological analysis— determinations of species, age and size of the animals—provide the necessary data for studying the diet. We conclude that there are differences between Lebyazhinka III and Lebyazhinka VI settlements. Lebyazhinka III settlement included bones of only wild species, however, Lebyazhinka VI settlement consists of wild and domestic species.

scholarly journals SOURCES OF VALUABLE TRAITS FOR BREEDING SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Elena Demina ◽  
Aleksandr Kincharov ◽  
Tat'yana Taranova ◽  
Ol'ga Mullayanova ◽  
Kristina Chekmasova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Traits For Breeding

The work was carried out in 2018-2019 in the forest-steppe zone of Samara region. The purpose of the research is to conduct study samples of collection nursery of various ecological and geographical origins and identify new sources of economically valuable traits for breeding in the forest – steppe of the Middle Volga region. The material for research was 352 collection samples of spring soft wheat, including 108 foreign varieties and hybrids and 244 domestic samples of breeding institutions of the Russian Federation. Meteorological conditions during the research years were quite severe, and vegetation took place in arid and acutely arid conditions (hydrothermal coefficient in 2018 – 0.51, in 2019 – 0.48, with a long-term value in the region of 0.73). The greatest variability over the years of research was observed in the indicators of grain yield of samples (Сv=23.9...27.5 %) and plants height (Сv=10.8...12.9 %). According to the research results, 30 new genetic sources of economically valuable traits of spring soft wheat were identified. Sources of precocity (period of shoots-earing 35...37 days): Uralskaya kukushka, Chelyaba rannyaya, Tyumenskaya 25, Lutescens 70, Odeta, Libertina, Chi Mai, Long Fu 7, M83-1551. Sources of short stems (plants height 40...45 cm): KWS Torridon, KWS Jetstream, Florens, Eleganza, Long Fu 13. Sources of consistently high productivity (grain yield 415...554 g/m2, and the yield increase over the standard 71...210 g/m2): Erythrospermum 4089, Grekum 5523, Lutescens 6029, Lutescens 6074/6-23, Lutescens 6102/1-32, Lutescens 6102/1-34 Erythrospermum 6517/24-1, Ekada 214, Burlak, Ulyanovskaya 105, Lebedushka, Saratovskaya 73. Sources of high protein content (15.4...16.7 %) and gluten (36.0...42.0 %) in grain: Erythrospermum 3898, Erythrospermum 4112, Erythrospermum 4171, Erythrospermum 5289

scholarly journals Influence of means of chemicalixation on efficiency of field crop rotations in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Valerii Viktorovich Chibis
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Feed Protein

Results of researches of efficiency in short crop rotation with busy steam are given in this article. Researches were conducted in the Omsk district of the Omsk region on typical black soil, with the maintenance of humus of 6.7% (in a layer of earth of 0-30 cm).  Cultivation of field cultures against the background of application of means of chemicalixation was carried out in a crop rotation the occupied steam (green manure) – wheat – barley – oats. During the conducted researches the quantity and dynamics of moisture, the maintenance of the main macrocells in the soil, and efficiency of all crop rotation was defined. The received results allow to draw a conclusion that in a crop rotation with busy steam and four fields at application of means of chemicalixation the increase of a harvest of the first wheat for 45.2%, barley repeatedly 31.5% and oats for 9.9% is noted. Application of fertilizers, at the rate of N30P30 on 1 hectare of an arable land, and herbicides, provided increase in productivity grain on 0.53 t/hectare, an exit of grain of 0.44 t/hectare, and feed-protein units to 1.29 t/hectare. The resulting materials can be used in the development of crop rotations schemes for forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals Influence of forage crop rotations on crop yields and phytosanitary conditions of soils in the Baikal region

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Zoya V. Kozlova ◽  
Vlada V. Kolocheva
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Perennial Legumes

The article considers the practical aspects of ensuring the preservation of natural ecosystems based on the use of organic farming technologies. It presents the results of research in the forest-steppe zone of the Baikal region for 2011-2018. On the basis of the phytosanitary state of crops studying analysis, it was found that the correct alternation of crops in crop rotation suppresses the level of weeds, thereby not affecting the productivity of agricultural crops. The paper reveals the characteristics of agrophysical and water properties of gray forest soil, the influence of forage crop rotations with meadow clover on the yield of cultivated crops. According to the research results, the authors found that overseeding of legumes in the fields of forage crop rotations increases the average productivity by 16.6% in comparison with the control option. The influence of the aftereffect of perennial legumes in crop rotations increases the yield of grain fodder and silage crops by 20-31.8%. The crop rotation with two fields of meadow clover (crop rotation No. 3) was determined to be the best for all indicators.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGROMINERAL MICROFERTILIZING MIXTURE APPLICATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER HYBRID

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Denis Potapov ◽  
Ramis Saniev ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin ◽  
Aleksey Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga

The work presents the results of studies for 2017-2019, aimed at developing methods for increasing the productivity of sunflower hybrids cultivated according to the Clearfield system when using the microfertilizing mixture Agromineral in the forest-steppe zone of Middle Volga region. The results of the studies showed that the safety of plants at the time of harvesting is up to 91.8%; the maximum safety is achieved when processing crops by vegetation with Agromineral microfertilizing mixture at a dose of 3 l/ha. The leaf area increased until the budding phase, reaching a maximum of 99.2 thousand m2/ha, on a mid-season hybrid when processing crops with a dose of 3 l/ha, and then, due to drying of the lower leaves, it begins to decrease to the phase of the onset of flowering to 37.8 ... 57.9 thousand m2/ha. The maximum value of the photosynthetic potential is formed by crops of the mid-season hybrid 8N477KLDM - 4.781 million m2/ha days. The use of fertilizers and micronutrient mixtures increases its value and, as a result, increases productivity by 9.09 ... 9.36 kg/ha with an absolute indicator of 27.2 ... 33.2 kg/ha.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of direct sowing technology in the cultivation of spring wheat in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00129
Author(s):  
Aleksander Toigildin ◽  
Mikhail Podsevalov ◽  
Denis Ayupov ◽  
Valery Syromyatnikov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
No Till ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Effectiveness Studies ◽  
Direct Sowing ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The article presents the results of the effectiveness studies of No-till technology on chernozem in a typical forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. Research has shown that No-till technology provides water, agrophysical and agrochemical properties of soil that are favourable for plant growth while effectively controlling weeds. There is also a tendency to increase the yield and product quality. According to our estimates, direct sowing increases the yield of spring wheat grain by 0.5 kg/ha, the mass fraction of gluten from 13.6% to 15.0%, the mass fraction of protein from 11.0% to 11.6% in comparison with traditional technology.

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