scholarly journals Photoelastic study of a double edge notched plate for determination of the Williams series expansion

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
L. V. Stepanova ◽  
K. N. Aldebeneva
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Series Expansion ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Double Edge ◽  
Higher Order Terms ◽  
Digital Photoelasticity

In this work, digital photoelasticity method is applied for assessment of the crack tip linear fracture mechanics parameters for a plate with double edge notches and different other crack configurations. The overarching objective of the study is to obtain the coefficients of the Williams series expansion for the stress and displacement fields in the vicinity of the crack tip by the digital photoelasticity technique for the double edge notched plate. The digital image processing tool for experimental data obtained from the photoelasticity experiments is developed and utilized. The digital image processing tool is based on the Ramesh approach but allows us to scan the image in any direction and to analyse the image after any number of logical operations. In the digital image processing isochromatic fringe analysis, the optical data contained in the transmission photoelastic isochromatics were converted into text file and then the points of isochromatic fringes with minimum light intensity were used for evaluating fracture mechanics parameters. The multi-parameter stress field approximation is used. The mixed mode fracture parameters, especially stress intensity factors (SIF) are estimated for specimen configurations like double edge notches and inclined center crack using the proposed algorithm based on the classical over-deterministic method. The effects of higher-order terms in the Williams expansion were analysed for different cracked specimens. It is shown that the higher order terms are needed for accurate characterization of the stress field in the vicinity of the crack tip. The experimental SIF values estimated using the proposed method are compared with analytical / finite element analysis (FEA) results, and are found to be in good agreement.

scholarly journals Experimental determination and finite element analysis of coefficients of the multi-parameter Williams series expansion in the vicinity of the crack tip in linear elastic materials. Part I

2020 ◽  
pp. 237-249
Author(s):  
L. V Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Series Expansion ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Power Series Expansion ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Isochromatic Fringe ◽  
Higher Order Terms ◽  
Fringe Patterns

This study aims at obtaining coefficients of the multi-parameter Williams series expansion for the stress field in the vicinity of the central crack in the rectangular plate and in the semi-circular notched disk under bending by the use of the digital photoelasticity method. The higher-order terms in the Williams asymptotic expansion are retained. It allows us to give a more accurate estimation of the near-crack-tip stress, strain and displacement fields and extend the domain of validity for the Williams power series expansion. The program is specially developed for the interpretation and processing of experimental data from the phototelasticity experiments. By means of the developed tool, the fringe patterns that contain the whole field stress information in terms of the difference in principal stresses (isochromatics) are captured as a digital image, which is processed for quantitative evaluations. The developed tool allows us to find points that belong to isochromatic fringes with the minimal light intensity. The digital image processing with the aid of the developed tool is performed. The points determined with the adopted tool are used further for the calculations of the stress intensity factor, T-stresses and coefficients of higher-order terms in the Williams series expansion. The iterative procedure of the over-deterministic method is utilized to find the higher order terms of the Williams series expansion. The procedure is based on the consistent correction of the coefficients of the Williams series expansion. The first fifteen coefficients are obtained. The experimentally obtained coefficients are used for the reconstruction of the isochromatic fringe pattern in the vicinity of the crack tip. The comparison of the theoretically reconstructed and experimental isochromatic fringe patterns shows that the coefficients of the Williams series expansion have a good match.

scholarly journals Digital image processing in interference-optical methodsof solid mechanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.E. Gerasimova
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Parameter Determination ◽  
Digital Object ◽  
Object Processing ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Modern Methods

In the paper the detailed review and comparison of modern methods of digital object processing in present-day interference optical techniques (namely, photomechanics) are given. The methods of fringe thinnig, fringe clustering, fringe tracing are discussed. Applications of methods to digital photomechanics and fracture mechanics parameter determination are considered. The example of cracked semidisc for compression is analyzed.

An Overview of Digital Image Processing and Recognition (Invited Paper)

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 700-702
Author(s):  
R. C. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
New York ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Submarine Cable ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Digitized Pictures ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
And Storage

Interest in digital image processing techniques dates back to the early 1920's, when digitized pictures of world news events were first transmitted by submarine cable between New York and London. Applications of digital image processing concepts, however, did not become widespread until the middle 1960's, when third-generation digital computers began to offer the speed and storage capabilities required for practical implementation of image processing algorithms. Since then, this area has experienced vigorous growth, having been a subject of interdisciplinary research in fields ranging from engineering and computer science to biology, chemistry, and medicine.

A method to measure pores and fissures in geologic materials under S.E.M. by digital image processing

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
L. Montoto ◽  
M. Montoto ◽  
A. Bel-Lan
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Geologic Materials ◽  
Automatic Information ◽  
Detector Output ◽  
Rock Specimens

INTRODUCTION.- The physical properties of rock masses are greatly influenced by their internal discontinuities, like pores and fissures. So, these need to be measured as a basis for interpretation. To avoid the basic difficulties of measurement under optical microscopy and analogic image systems, the authors use S.E.M. and multiband digital image processing. In S.E.M., analog signal processing has been used to further image enhancement (1), but automatic information extraction can be achieved by simple digital processing of S.E.M. images (2). The use of multiband image would overcome difficulties such as artifacts introduced by the relative positions of sample and detector or the typicals encountered in optical microscopy.DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING.- The studied rock specimens were in the form of flat deformation-free surfaces observed under a Phillips SEM model 500. The SEM detector output signal was recorded in picture form in b&w negatives and digitized using a Perkin Elmer 1010 MP flat microdensitometer.

Digital image processing methods applied to the study of annealing time on semiconductor-metal eutectic composites

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 848-849
Author(s):  
J. Hefter
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Eutectic Solidification ◽  
Metal Silicide ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Semiconductor-metal composites, formed by the eutectic solidification of silicon and a metal silicide have been under investigation for some time for a number of electronic device applications. This composite system is comprised of a silicon matrix containing extended metal-silicide rod-shaped structures aligned in parallel throughout the material. The average diameter of such a rod in a typical system is about 1 μm. Thus, characterization of the rod morphology by electron microscope methods is necessitated.The types of morphometric information that may be obtained from such microscopic studies coupled with image processing are (i) the area fraction of rods in the matrix, (ii) the average rod diameter, (iii) an average circularity (roundness), and (iv) the number density (Nd;rods/cm2). To acquire electron images of these materials, a digital image processing system (Tracor Northern 5500/5600) attached to a JEOL JXA-840 analytical SEM has been used.

Complementary Z-Contrast Imaging and Digital Image Processing

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
K. N. Colonna ◽  
G. Oliphant
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Biological Tissue ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Tissue Preparation ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Z Contrast

Harmonious use of Z-contrast imaging and digital image processing as an analytical imaging tool was developed and demonstrated in studying the elemental constitution of human and maturing rabbit spermatozoa. Due to its analog origin (Fig. 1), the Z-contrast image offers information unique to the science of biological imaging. Despite the information and distinct advantages it offers, the potential of Z-contrast imaging is extremely limited without the application of techniques of digital image processing. For the first time in biological imaging, this study demonstrates the tremendous potential involved in the complementary use of Z-contrast imaging and digital image processing.Imaging in the Z-contrast mode is powerful for three distinct reasons, the first of which involves tissue preparation. It affords biologists the opportunity to visualize biological tissue without the use of heavy metal fixatives and stains. For years biologists have used heavy metal components to compensate for the limited electron scattering properties of biological tissue.

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