No. 24922. Exchange of notes constituting an agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the training of German armed forces units in Canada (CFB Shilo) and Goose Bay, Labrador. Ottawa, 20 December 1983

The aim of this article is to analyse the global and European foreign, security and defence policies of the Federal Republic of Germany and their implications for the broad international environment of Germany. Special attention is paid to the issues of Germany’s emancipation in the international order after the end of the East-West conflict, when it became clear that the regional conflicts and their transnational impact gained a new and multidimensional character for the German security policy. Given this evolution of the international system, Germany has gradually changed its former foreign and security policies. The state currently intends to take greater responsibility for international politics, which translates into a simultaneous increase in its political and economic power in the international arena. This new global role of the Federal Republic of Germany is manifested by the so-called White Paper on German Security Policy and the Future of the Bundeswehr approved on 13 July 2016. This document presents primarily the hierarchy of threats in today’s world, their definitions and attempts to neutralize them in compliance with German interests. Instruments to ensure a smooth achievement of this goal include the modernization of the German armed forces, the creation of intervention troops and their participation in multinational military operations conducted by NATO and the European Union.

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German Participation in International Crisis Management (1991–2012)

World Economy and International Relations ◽

10.20542/0131-2227-2014-9-34-44 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 34-44

Author(s):

F. Trunov

Keyword(s):

Federal Republic ◽

Crisis Management ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Federal Republic Of Germany ◽

The European Union ◽

International Crisis ◽

German Armed Forces ◽

Management Participation ◽

German Bundestag ◽

International Crisis Management

The article discusses the participation of the Federal Republic of Germany in the struggle against new challenges of the world security sphere. In this regard the main focus is on the usage of German armed forces (Bundeswehr) for International Crisis Management (ICM), first of all – outside the NATO area. Although Germany has been taking part in this type of activities since 1991, only in 1994 German Bundestag formulated and approved the mechanism of parliamentary control over the Bundeswehr usage outside the NATO area. The author attempts to define the periods of this process and cover practical German involvement in ICM activities of the NATO, the European Union and the United Nations Organization. In this sense it is necessary to compare the forms and the average number of soldiers, which were used by Germany in ICM operations by each of these three international structures. It is also rather important to define the main regions (countries) where German troops were used in ICM activities, and the reasons for it. Yugoslavia was the first region where Bundeswehr served for stabilization of the situation in areas of internal military conflicts. By the year 2014, the main regions of the German International Crisis Management participation became Afghanistan and Horn of Africa.The article also examines the perspectives of the Federal Republic of Germany’s involvement in ICM, considering the current and possible future results of the Bundeswehr reform, while Bundesehr was and is the main country’s instrument in ICM.

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No umbrella for the rain: Canadian implications following the global revolution in reconnaissance–strike technologies

International Journal Canada s Journal of Global Policy Analysis ◽

10.1177/00207020211019301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 221-237

Author(s):

Marc Kieley

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Gulf War ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

Canadian Armed Forces ◽

Ballistic Missiles ◽

Defence Policy ◽

Revolution In Military Affairs ◽

The Government ◽

Government Of Canada

Global conflicts in 2020 have highlighted the unexpected employment of advanced ballistic missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles by developing military powers. The development of ballistic missiles by Iran, or the export of advanced drones by Turkey, are ultimately the result of the American-led revolution in military affairs that, during the Gulf War, established the potential of precision guided weapons and reconnaissance systems. In response, America’s competitors have adapted their military doctrines and developed weapons designed to both counter and copy the West’s technological advantages. As the Government of Canada implements its defence policy—Strong, Secure, and Engaged—it has promised to procure a ground-based air defence system for the Canadian Armed Forces. Careful consideration and analysis are required, however, to ensure that Canada procures the best possible solution given limited funding and a wide array of potential threats.

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HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF COUNTERING YOUTH POLITICAL TERRORISM BY THE POLICE OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY AND CONCLUSIONS FOR PRESENT-DAY RUSSIA (TERROR GROUP ‘RED ARMY FRACTION’ TAKEN AS AN EXAMPLE)

Russian Studies in Law and Politics ◽

10.12731/2576-9634-2017-1-4-11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 4-11

Author(s):

Ilya Leonidovich Morozov

Keyword(s):

Federal Republic ◽

Political Ideology ◽

Western Europe ◽

West Germany ◽

Federal Republic Of Germany ◽

Left Wing ◽

Political Climate ◽

Terrorist Groups ◽

Red Army ◽

The Government

‘Red Army Fraction’ is a youth extremist left-wing terror group that was active in the 1970–1980s on the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany. The terror group and its ideology originated mostly in Western German university circles. Most representatives of the group were descendants from wealthy families of high social standing. The ideology of the group included a mix of concepts related to social equity, preventing autocratic tendencies in the government machinery and interventions of Western countries against developing ‘third world’ countries and peoples. State security system of West Germany was unable to suppress the terror group for over two decades. The group finally announced its voluntary dissolution in 1998 due to a dramatic change in socio-political climate and general crisis of the left-wing political ideology. The growth of oppositional sentiments among present-day Russian young people is partially similar to the students’ unrest that had place in Western Europe in the 1960s and gave rise to terrorist groups. This makes the study of West Germany’s experience in countering the threat important.

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