Detection of the influenza virus yesterday and now.

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Woźniak-Kosek ◽  
Bogumiła Kempińska-Mirosławska ◽  
Grażyna Hoser
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Human Influenza Virus ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection

Demographic changes and the development of transportation contribute to the rapid spread of influenza. Before an idea of a 'person to person' spread appeared, divergent theories were developed to explain influenza epidemics in the past. Intensified virological and serological tests became possible after isolation of the human influenza virus in 1933. The first influenza virus detection methods were based on its isolation in egg embryos or cell lines and on demonstration of the presence of the viral antigens. Molecular biology techniques associated with amplification of RNA improved the quality of tests as well as sensitivity of influenza virus detection in clinical samples. It became possible to detect mixed infections caused by influenza types A and B and to identify the strain of the virus. Development of reliable diagnostic methods enabled fast diagnosis of influenza which is important for choosing an appropriate medical treatment.

Human influenza virus detection using sialyllactose-functionalized organic electrochemical transistors

2018 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Hai ◽  
Tatsuro Goda ◽  
Hiroaki Takeuchi ◽  
Shoji Yamaoka ◽  
Yukichi Horiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Human Influenza ◽  
Human Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection ◽  
Organic Electrochemical Transistors

scholarly journals Comparison of Influenza Virus Detection Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Takahara ◽  
Yuki Nakaya ◽  
Masato Yasuura ◽  
Hiroki Ashiba ◽  
Penmetcha K. R. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection

scholarly journals Utility of Available Methods for Diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 in Clinical Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Shirvani ◽  
Leila Azimi ◽  
Roxana Mansour Ghanaie ◽  
Masoud Alebouyeh ◽  
Fatemeh Fallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests

: The laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 should be done to confirm coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected patients. Although several diagnostic methods have been developed in this regard, their accuracy for clinical application is not very clear yet. To compare the diagnostic value of laboratory tests for the detection of COVID-19 infection, this study provides an upcoming review of the newly developed detection methods. Sensitivity, specificity, detection limit, and turn-around-time of these methods are compared and challenges for their application in clinical settings are reviewed. PubMed and Google Scholar web sites were used for the systematic search until April 9, 2020 to identify the published studies based on the following keywords: “Detection”, “Coronavirus 2019”, “SARS-CoV-2”, and “Sensitivity”. Out of 526 results, a total of 54 articles, including 46 studies on detection methods, were considered eligible for the review. The results showed that most of the proposed tests focused on molecular methods, while immunological and point-of-care tests were investigated in 13 studies. There were also a few commercial automated methods for the qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples, most of which are not examined in the current review, as no data about their sensitivity and specificity were presented. Although the assessment of publication biases showed that 64% sensitivity and nearly 100% specificity for RT-PCR are close to reality, most of the related reports for serological methods are not valid and further studies are needed to confirm their utility in clinical settings. Moreover, the RT-PCR test alone cannot act as a gold standard because of bias in measurements. Therefore, antibody tests and other proposed methods could be used as supplementary diagnostic tests to improve RT-PCR accuracy. Although clinical findings are invaluable, in many cases, they can provide more valuable supportive data than serological tests.

scholarly journals Detection of influenza virus in rectal swabs of patients admitted in hospital for febrile illnesses in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212198963
Author(s):  
Artit Sangkakam ◽  
Pasin Hemachudha ◽  
Abhinbhen W Saraya ◽  
Benjamard Thaweethee-Sukjai ◽  
Thaniwan Cheun-Arom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection

Introduction: Influenza virus favours the respiratory tract as its primary site of host entry and replication, and it is transmitted mainly via respiratory secretions. Nasopharyngeal swab is the gold standard specimen type for influenza detection, but several studies have also suggested that the virus replicates in the human gastrointestinal tract. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients positive for influenza virus and initially recruited as part of the PREDICT project from 2017 to 2018. The objectives of the study were to investigate whether rectal swab could aid in improving influenza detection, and if there was any correlation between gastrointestinal disturbances and severity of infection, using length of hospital stay as an indicator of severity. Results: Of the 51 influenza-positive patients, 12 had detectable influenza virus in their rectal swab. Among these 12 rectal swab positive patients, influenza virus was not detected in the nasopharyngeal swab of three of them. Gastrointestinal symptoms were observed for 28.2% patients with a negative rectal swab negative and 25.0% patients with a positive rectal swab. Average length of hospital stay was 4.2 days for rectal swab positive group and 3.7 days for rectal swab negative group. This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.288). Conclusions: There is no correlation between influenza virus detection in rectal swab and gastrointestinal disturbances or disease severity, and there is currently insufficient evidence to support replicative ability in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Virus detection and identification in minutes using single-particle imaging and deep learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Shiaelis ◽  
Alexander Tometzki ◽  
Leon Peto ◽  
Andrew McMahon ◽  
Christof Hepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Particle Imaging ◽  
Single Particle Imaging

AbstractThe increasing frequency and magnitude of viral outbreaks in recent decades, epitomized by the current COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in an urgent need for rapid and sensitive viral diagnostic methods. Here, we present a methodology for virus detection and identification that uses a convolutional neural network to distinguish between microscopy images of single intact particles of different viruses. Our assay achieves labeling, imaging and virus identification in less than five minutes and does not require any lysis, purification or amplification steps. The trained neural network was able to differentiate SARS-CoV-2 from negative clinical samples, as well as from other common respiratory pathogens such as influenza and seasonal human coronaviruses, with high accuracy. Single-particle imaging combined with deep learning offers a promising alternative to traditional viral diagnostic methods, and has the potential for significant impact.

scholarly journals ESwab challenges influenza virus propagation in cell cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Trebbien ◽  
B Andersen ◽  
J Rønn ◽  
J McCauley ◽  
T Kølsen Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Virus Propagation ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Viral Propagation ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Darby Canine Kidney

Although the ESwab kit (Copan, Brescia, Italy) is intended for sampling bacteria for culture, this kit is increasingly also used for virus sampling. The effect of ESwab medium on influenza virus detection by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or virus propagation in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture was investigated. The ESwab medium was suitable for viral RNA detection but not for viral propagation due to cytotoxicity. Sampling influenza viruses with ESwab challenges influenza surveillance by strongly limiting the possibility of antigenic characterisation.

Avian Influenza Virus Detection by Optimized Peptide Termination on a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode

ACS Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhiko Matsubara ◽  
Michiko Ujie ◽  
Takashi Yamamoto ◽  
Yasuaki Einaga ◽  
Tomo Daidoji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Diamond Electrode ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond Electrode ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection
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