Various Patterns of Accessory Foramen in the Sixth Cervical Vertebra- An Osteological Observation

AbstractThe cervical vertebrae presents foramen transversaria in each transverse process. In all but the seventh cervical vertebra, the foramen normally transmits vertebral artery and vein and a branch from the cervicothoracic ganglion.140 cervical vertebrae were studied. Variations were noticed in the number of foramen transversarium unilaterally and bilaterally. Variations in foramen transversarium may indicate the variation in course of vertebral arteries

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CPU-GPU Rendering of CT Scan Images for Vertebra Reconstruction from CT Scan Images with a Calibration Policy

10.31487/j.mirs.2020.01.02 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Usman Khan ◽

AmanUllah Yasin ◽

Imran Shafi ◽

Muhammad Abid

Keyword(s):

3D Reconstruction ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Surface Reconstruction ◽

3D Visualization ◽

Cervical Vertebra ◽

Marching Cubes ◽

Affine Transform ◽

Visualization Techniques ◽

Visualization Algorithms ◽

Gpu Implementation

In this work GPU implementation of classic 3D visualization algorithms namely Marching Cubes and Raycasting has been carried for cervical vertebra using VTK libraries. A proposed framework has been introduced for efficient and duly calibrated 3D reconstruction using Dicom Affine transform and Python Mayavi framework to address the limitation of benchmark visualization techniques i.e. lack of calibration, surface reconstruction artifacts and latency.

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Twenty-Year Follow-up of Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Second Cervical Vertebra

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) ◽

10.2106/jbjs.j.01881 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 93 (13) ◽

pp. e74(1)-e74(7) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dennis S Meredith ◽

John H Healey

Keyword(s):

Fibrous Dysplasia ◽

Cervical Vertebra

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Load Measurement of the Cervical Vertebra C7 and the Head of Passengers of a Car While Driving Across Uneven Terrain

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21113849 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 3849

Author(s):

Martin Svoboda ◽

Milan Chalupa ◽

Karel Jelen ◽

František Lopot ◽

Petr Kubový ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Vertebrae ◽

Vertical Direction ◽

Cervical Vertebra ◽

Parietal Bone ◽

The Body ◽

Human Organism ◽

Dynamic Effects ◽

The Road ◽

Real Environment ◽

On The Road

The article deals with the measurement of dynamic effects that are transmitted to the driver (passenger) when driving in a car over obstacles. The measurements were performed in a real environment on a defined track at different driving speeds and different distributions of obstacles on the road. The reaction of the human organism, respectively the load of the cervical vertebrae and the heads of the driver and passenger, was measured. Experimental measurements were performed for different variants of driving conditions on a 28-year-old and healthy man. The measurement’s main objective was to determine the acceleration values of the seats in the vehicle in the vertical movement of parts of the vehicle cabin and to determine the dynamic effects that are transmitted to the driver and passenger in a car when driving over obstacles. The measurements were performed in a real environment on a defined track at various driving speeds and diverse distributions of obstacles on the road. The acceleration values on the vehicle’s axles and the structure of the driver’s and front passenger’s seats, under the buttocks, at the top of the head (Vertex Parietal Bone) and the C7 cervical vertebra (Vertebra Cervicales), were measured. The result of the experiment was to determine the maximum magnitudes of acceleration in the vertical direction on the body of the driver and the passenger of the vehicle when passing a passenger vehicle over obstacles. The analysis of the experiment’s results is the basis for determining the future direction of the research.

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Edemas of the face and lymphoscintigraphic examination

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85835-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pierre Bourgeois ◽

E. Peters ◽

A. Van Mieghem ◽

A. Vrancken ◽

G. Giacalone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Cervical Lymph Node ◽

Cervical Vertebra ◽

Lymphatic Drainage ◽

The Face ◽

Facial Edema ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Left And Right ◽

Lymphatic Pathways

AbstractFacial edemas not secondary to surgery and/or radiotherapy for head and neck cancer are relatively uncommon. Our aim is to report a retrospective analysis of the lymphoscintigraphic and SPECT-CT investigations obtained in patients with such facial edema. Retrospective review of exams (planar imagings in all and with SPECT-CT in 5) obtained after the subcutaneous injection of 99mTc HSA Nanosized colloids between the eyebrows in five men and seven women. Four main lymphatic pathways were identified on sequential planar imagings: para-nasal left and right and supra- ocular left and right. For eleven patients, the absence of visualization of lymphatic drainage and/or their delayed appearance correlated well with the localisation of the edematous areas. In two patients with post-traumatic and post- surgical edemas, SPECT-CT showed one deep left sided cervical lymph node (LN) in front of the first cervical vertebra. This lymphoscintigraphic approach represents a simple and valuable way to assess the lymphatic drainage pathways of the face and to establish the diagnosis of facial lymphedema.

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Accuracy Verification of an Anatomical Model Manufactured Using Low-Cost Additive Production

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11020594 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 594

Author(s):

Teodor Tóth ◽

Patrik Varga ◽

Branko Štefanovič ◽

Lucia Bednarčíková ◽

Marek Schnitzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Coverage ◽

Reference Model ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cervical Vertebra ◽

3D Printer ◽

3D Scanner ◽

Entire Surface ◽

Additive Production ◽

The Third ◽

And Training

The paper deals with the separation of the third cervical vertebra using the software VGStudio MAX, Mimics, and inVesalius. During the separation, various parameters of the threshold were used to determine the effect. The comparison of models from Mimics and inVesalius to VGStudio MAX showed that the cumulative variance distribution for 95% surface coverage is less than 0.935 mm. When comparing medically oriented software, Mimics and inVesalius, the deviation was less than 0.356 mm. The model was made of polylactic acid (PLA) material on a low-cost 3D printer, Prusa i3 MK2.5 MMU1. The printed model was scanned by four scanners: Artec Eva, 3Shape D700, Steinbichler Comet L3D, and Creaform EXAscan. The outputs from the scanners were compared to the reference model (standard tessellation language (STL) model for 3D printing) as well as to the scanner with the best accuracy (3Shape). Compared to the publications below, the analysis of deviations was evaluated on the entire surface of the model and not on selected dimensions. The cumulative variance distribution for comparing the output from the 3D scanner with the reference model, as well as comparing the scanners, shows that the deviation for 95% of the surface coverage is at the level of 0.300 mm. Since the model of the vertebra is planned for education and training, the used software and technologies are suitable for use in the design and the production process.

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