scholarly journals Insect parasites inhabiting Passer domesticus (linnaeus, 1758) and P. Montanus (linnaeus, 1758) (aves: passeriformes) nests in Voronezh

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
R.T. Tewelde ◽  
◽  
S.P. Gaponov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Flea Species ◽  
Tree Sparrow ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insect Parasites

In Voronezh, 14 species of parasitic insects were found in sparrows and their nests during 2017–2020. It was found 6 species of chewing lice: Menacanthus eurysternus Giebel, 1874, Ricinus fringillae De Geer, 1778, Sturnidoecus ruficeps Giebel, 1866, Brueelia subtilis Giebel, 1874, B. borini Lunkaschu, 1970, and Philopterus montani Zlotorzycka, 1964. Among them, Menacanthus eurysternus was the dominant species for the House Sparrow (dominance 21.70 %, prevalence 10.00) while B. subtilis (dominance 18.60 %, prevalence 8.00) and B. borini (dominance 16.29 %, prevalence 6.00) were subdominant. For the European Tree Sparrow, the dominant species were B. borini (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 8.00) and Ph. montani (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 10.6). All six chewing lice species were observed for the first time in Voronezh and the Central Black Soil Region of Russia. Three species of fleas – Ceratophillus gallinae (Schrank, 1803), C. fringillae Walker, 1856, and C. tribulus Jordan, 1926) – were registered. The dominant flea species was C. gallinae (for the House Sparrow, dominance was 67.13 %, prevalence 45.00; for the Tree Sparrow, dominance was 66.47 %, prevalence 73.33). Abundance of fleas for House Sparrow nestlings was 0.724, and 1.153 for Tree Sparrow nestlings. Parasitic flies were represented by five species: Ornithomya avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758), O. fringillina Curtis, 1836, O. chloropus Bergroth 1901 (Hippoboscidae), Protocalliphora azurea Fll., 1817, and Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901) (Calliphoridae). Among louse flies O. avicularia was the dominant species (for House sparrow, dominance was 85.93 %, prevalence 53.00; for Tree Sparrow, dominance was 68.64 %, prevalence 20.00). Larvae of P. azurea were found in 13.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 15.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 3.42 % with abundance 0.30, while for Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.15 % with abundance 2.05. Larvae of T. braueri were found in 31.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 40.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.164 with abundance 0.088. For Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.106 with abundance 0.220. Significant fluctuations of prevalence and abundance of the larvae in different years were found.

scholarly journals The Use Of Nest-Boxes By Two Species Of Sparrows (Passer Domesticus And P. Montanus) With Opposite Trends Of Abundance – The Study In Warsaw

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Węgrzynowicz
Keyword(s):  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Tree Sparrow ◽  
Urbanization Gradient ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Housing Estates

Abstract The occupation of nest-boxes by House- and Tree Sparrow in Warsaw was investigated in 2005-2009 and in 2012. Riparian forests, younger and older parks in downtown, and housing estates were included in the study as 4 types of habitats corresponding to the urbanization gradient of Warsaw. 1035 inspections of nest-boxes suitable for both species (type A) were carried out during the breeding period and 345 nest-boxes of other types were inspected after the breeding period. In order to determine the importance of nest-boxes for both species on different plots, obtained data were analyzed using Nest-box Importance Coefficient (NIC). This coefficient describes species-specific rate of occupation of nest-boxes as well as the contribution of the pairs nesting in them. Tree Sparrow occupied a total of 33% of A-type nest-boxes, its densities were positively correlated with the number of nest-boxes, and seasonal differences in occupation rate were low for this species. The NIC and the rate of nest-box occupation for Tree Sparrow decreased along an urbanization gradient. House Sparrow used nest-boxes very rarely, only in older parks and some housing estates. Total rate of nest-box occupation for House Sparrow in studied plots was 4%, and NIC was relatively low. However, locally, installation of nest-boxes limited House Sparrow decline caused by reduced availability of its typical nest sites. Both species used only A-type nest boxes. The rate of nest-box occupation by House Sparrow decreased sharply since 1980s, and opposite trend was observed for Tree Sparrow. These alterations are consistent with the general changes in both species populations in Warsaw in recent decades: decrease in House Sparrow and increase in Tree Sparrow number. The presented results suggest that loss of nest sites may not be the main reason of decrease in House Sparrow population in Warsaw. Additionally, House Sparrow decline leads to increase in nest sites (including nest-boxes) available for Tree Sparrow, what may contribute to the expansion of the latter species.

scholarly journals Parasitic fauna of the invasive house sparrow (Passer domesticus) from Ñuble region, Chile: an example of co-introduced parasites

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Oyarzún-Ruiz ◽  
Guissel Cárdenas ◽  
María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente ◽  
Nicolás Martin ◽  
Sergey Mironov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parasitic Fauna ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
First Time ◽  
Invasive Species Impact

Abstract Invasive species impact native wildlife in several ways, as they compete for resources and may transmit their specific pathogens. However, the potential consequences of co-introduced parasites are not fully understood. While the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) was introduced in Chile about a century ago, no data are available regarding its parasites. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the parasitic fauna of this avian invader and to determine whether there are co-introduced/co-invasive parasites shared with native birds. One hundred and eight birds were collected from three different localities in the Ñuble region of Chile, and a complete parasitic necropsy was performed in the laboratory. Twenty-three (21.3%) were parasitized by six arthropod species and four (3.7%) were parasitized by two helminth species. Four out of eight taxa are reported for the first time in Chile; among them, three arthropod parasites and the tapeworm, Anonchotaenia globate, are considered as co-introduced parasites. Only A. globata is a potential co-invasive parasite given its low degree specificity in terms of its definitive hosts. Future research should examine whether additional co-introduced/co-invasive parasites have been brought by the house sparrow, and what their potential consequences might be on the health of native birds in Chile.

scholarly journals Fauna of louse-flies (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) of the south-east of the Central Black soil region of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Сергей Петрович Гапонов ◽  
Руссом Теклай Теуэльде ◽  
Ольга Григорьевна Солодовникова
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus ◽  
Pseudolynchia Canariensis ◽  
First Time

В результате проведенных в 1990-2019 годах исследований выявлено 13 видов мух-кровососок. Из них 9 видов паразитируют на птицах: Crataerina hirundinis (L., 1758), Crataerina pallidа (Olivier, 1812), Ornithomya avicularia (L., 1758), Ornithomya fringillina Curtis, 1836, Ornithomya chloropus Bergroth, 1901, Ornithoica turdi (Olivier, 1811), Ornithophila metallica (Schiner, 1864), Pseudolynchia canariensis (Mcq., 1840), Icosta ardeae (Mcq., 1935) (подсемейство Ornithomyinae) и 4 вида - Hippobosca equina L., 1758, Hippobosca longipennis F., 1805 (подсемейство Hippoboscinae), Lipoptena cervi (L., 1758) и Melophagus ovinus (L., 1758) (подсемейство Lipopteninae) - на млекопитающих. Десять видов - C. hirundinis, C. pallidа, O. avicularia, O. fringillina, O. chloropus, P. canariensis, H. equina, H. longipennis, L. cervi и M. ovinus - осуществляют жизненный цикл на территории Воронежской области. Остальные виды, по-видимому, привносятся птицами с весенними перелетами и отмечаются ежегодно в апреле-мае на птицах; пупарии их обнаружены не были. Преобладающими видами кровососок птиц в регионе являются O. avicularia (42,29%), O. fringillina (29,57%) и C. hirundinis (12,56%). Среди кровососок, паразитирующих на млекопитающих, массовым видом является L. cervi. M. ovinus, C. hirundinis и C. pallidа - моноксенные виды, I. ardeae, P. canariensis, L. cervi, H. equina и H. longipennis - олигоксенные, остальные - поликсенные. Имаго наиболее широко распространенных видов - O. avicularia, O. fringillina, C. pallida, и C. hirundinis - имеют пик активности в мае-июле, приходящийся на прилет птиц, насиживание и выкармливание птенцов. Однако C. hirundinis при позднем отлете хозяев отмечается и в августе-сентябре. Массовый вид - L. cervi - обычен в сентябре-октябре During research in 1999-2020, 13 species of the louse-flies were identified in the south-east of the Central Black Soil Region of Russia. The flies were collected on 22 bird species and 7 mammal species. Nine species of loose flies - Crataerina hirundinis (L., 1758), Crataerina pallidа (Olivier, 1812), Ornithomya avicularia (L., 1758), Ornithomya fringillina Curtis, 1836, Ornithomya chloropus Bergroth, 1901, Ornithoica turdi (Olivier, 1811), Ornithophila metallica (Schiner, 1864), Pseudolynchia canariensis (Mcq., 1840), Icosta ardeae (Mcq., 1835) (подсемейство Ornithomyinae) - are parasites of birds while 4 species - Hippobosca equina L., 1758, Hippobosca longipennis F., 1805 (подсемейство Hippoboscinae), Lipoptena cervi (L., 1758) и Melophagus ovinus (L., 1758) (подсемейство Lipopteninae) - feed on blood of mammals. P. canariensis was found in the region for the first time. Ten species of Hippoboscidae - C. hirundinis, C. pallida, O. avicularia, O. fringillina, O. chloropus, P. canariensis, H. equina, H. longipennis, L. cervi, and M. ovinus - reproduce and carry out their life cycles in Voronezh Region. The rest species - Icosta ardeae, Ornithoica turdi, and Ornithophila metallica, are introduced into the region by migratory birds. The predominant species were O. avicularia (42,29%), O. fringillina (29,57%), C. hirundinis (12,56%). Among parasites of mammals, L. cervi is a mass and wide spread species in the region. M. ovinus, Crataerina hirundinis, and Crataerina pallidа - monoxenous, P. canariensis, Icosta ardeae, L. cervi, H. equina, and H. longipennis - olygoxenous, while the rest of the species were polyxenous parasites of birds. All louse-flies species were found on birds and their nestlings in April-May, however C. hirundinis was also common on the second nestlings in August-September. Mass species, L. cervi, is usual in September-October.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LONG-EARED OWL ASIO OTUS OTUS (L.) IN RODENT CONTROL

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Nistreanu
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Common Vole ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Tree Sparrow ◽  
The Common

The trophic spectrum of the long-eared owl was studied in two localities of Someshul Mic basin: Cluj-Napoca city and Cojocna village. 2131 pellets were collected: 1403 pellets from Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden and 728 from Cojocna. 6161 micromammal and bird skulls and bones were separated: 4238 from the pellets collected in Cluj-Napoca and 1923 from those collected in Cojocna. The rodents percent was 84,52% in Cluj-Napoca and 99,12% Cojocna pellets. 4 insectivore species, 12 rodent species and 10 bird species were found in pellets. The most abundant and the dominant species is the common vole (Microtus arvalis) with 64,08% in Cluj-Napoca and with 79,43% in Cojocna. Among birds the most abundant are the house sparrow and the tree sparrow, which constitute almost 70% from all the birds.

scholarly journals New records of feather mites (Acariformes: Analgoidea, Pterolichoidea) in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02006
Author(s):  
Fabio A. Hernandes ◽  
Carlos H. W. Flechtmann
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
First Time

Seven species and four undetermined feather mites are reported from various birds in Piracicaba, Brazil: Dermoglyphus elongatus Mégnin, 1877 (Dermoglyphidae) ex Gallus gallus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) “chicken” (Phasianidae), Mesosathes tetrasetosus (Novaes, 1953) (Crypturoptidae) and Neumannella astacus Dabert & Skoracki, 2004 (Dermoglyphidae) ex Crypturellus tataupa (Temminck, 1815) “tataupa tinamou” (Tinamidae), Piciformobia ani (Černý, 1915) (Gabuciniidae) ex Crotophaga ani Linnaeus, 1758 “smooth-billed ani” (Cuculidae), Piciformobia guirae Alzuet, Cicchino & Abrahamovich, 1988 (Gabuciniidae) ex Guira guira (Gmelin, 1788) “guira cuckoo” (Cuculidae), Proctophyllodes thraupis Atyeo & Braasch, 1966 (Proctophyllodidae) ex Thraupis sayaca (Linnaeus, 1766) “sayaca tanager” (Thraupidae), Proctophyllodes troncatus Robin, 1877 ex Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) “house sparrow” (Passeridae); and undetermined species of the genera: Amerodectes sp. (Proctophyllodidae), Mesalgoides sp. (Psoroptoididae), and Trouessartia sp. (Trouessartiidae) ex Arundinicola leucocephala (Linnaeus, 1764) “white-headed marsh tyrant” (Tyrannidae), and Analges sp. (Analgidae) ex Euphonia chlorotica (Linnaeus, 1766) “purple-throated euphonia” (Fringillidae). Four of them are recorded for the first time in Brazil: D. elongatus, Pi. ani, Pr. thraupis, and Pr. troncatus.

Three hundred years of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) persecution in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SEITZ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
World War ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second World

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.

Characteristic of the zimoseptoria tritici population by virulence in the of the Central Black Soil region of Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Zeleneva J.V. ◽  
◽  
V.P. Sudnikova V.P.
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Intraspecific Structure ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Significant Polymorphism

Based on the analysis of the intraspecific structure of the fungus Zimoseptoria. tritici, it was found that this species has significant polymorphism. Using monogenic wheat lines (Oasis (Stb1), Veranopolis (Stb2), Israel (Stb3), Tadinia (Stb4), CS / Synthetic (Stb5), Estanzuela Federal (Stb7)), the population of Z. tritici in the Central Black Earth region was tested. High heterogeneity of monosporous isolates of Z. tritici by virulence was revealed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document