BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS AS A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

Air pollution is an environmental problem that is familiar to residents of absolutely all corners of the earth. It is especially acutely felt by residents of cities where enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, energy, chemical, petrochemical, construction, pulp and paper industries operate. In some cities, the atmosphere is also severely poisoned by vehicles and boiler houses. These are all examples of anthropogenic air pollution. The subject of the study is the emissions of carbon dioxide into the environment. The purpose of the study is to solve the problem of environmental pollution by harmful substances and preserve the ecology in the world. Methodology. The main indicators characterizing the impact on the environment - CO2 emissions in the global energy sector - have been systematized; two indicators have been identified that determine the level of atmospheric pollution. Results - the scale of the influence of atmospheric air pollution on human health and the entire ecosystem as a whole was revealed.

Download Full-text

Capacity of countries to reduce biological invasions

10.1101/2021.02.04.429788 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guillaume Latombe ◽

Hanno Seebens ◽

Bernd Lenzner ◽

Franck Courchamp ◽

Stefan Dullinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Invasions ◽

Alien Species ◽

Economic Space ◽

Country Level ◽

Management Measures ◽

Ecological Predictors ◽

Global Environmental ◽

Education Innovation ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

High Level

AbstractThe extent and impacts of biological invasions on biodiversity are largely shaped by an array of socio-ecological predictors, which exhibit high variation among countries. Yet a global synthetic perspective of how these factors vary across countries is currently lacking. Here, we investigate how a set of five socio-ecological predictors (Governance, Trade, Environmental Performance, Lifestyle and Education, Innovation) explain i) country-level established alien species (EAS) richness of eight taxonomic groups, and ii) country capacity to prevent and manage biological invasions and their impacts. Trade and Governance together best predicted the average EAS richness, increasing variance explained by up to 54% compared to models based on climatic and spatial variables only. Country-level EAS richness increased strongly with Trade, whereas high level of Governance resulted in lower EAS richness. Historical (1996) levels of Governance and Trade better explained response variables than current (2015) levels. Thus, our results reveal a historical legacy of these two predictors with profound implications for the future of biological invasions. We therefore used Governance and Trade to define a two-dimensional socio-economic space in which the position of a country captures its capacity to address issues of biological invasions. Our results provide novel insights into the complex relationship between socio-ecological predictors and biological invasions. Further, we highlight the need for designing better policies and management measures for alien species, and for integrating biological invasions in global environmental scenarios.

Download Full-text

Facteurs affectant les stratégies d’adaptation des éleveurs aux changements climatiques: cas des parcours d'El Ouara au Sud Tunisien

New Medit ◽

10.30682/nm2105c ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Houda Rjili ◽

Mohamed JAOUAD

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Herd Size ◽

The South ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation ◽

Environmental Threat ◽

Global Environmental ◽

Changements Climatiques

Climate change is a global environmental threat to all economic activities, especially the livestock activity. The South of Tunisia, where animal husbandry is a fundamental element of the domestic economy, is more influenced by these negatives effects due to the arid climate. The objective of this study is to identify strategies and levers mitigation and adaptation to climate change developed by breeders on based on available factors. For this purpose, a survey conducted among 73 breeders on the rangelands of El Ouara, in the South of Tunisia. Results emerges that breeders use various adaptation strategies principally, supplementation, integration agriculture-livestock and conduct’s mode through different types such as association. The result of the model reveal that age of breeder, herd size, agricultural area, member of an association, subsidies and well ownerships are the most factors which significantly influence the adaptation choices of breeders to cope to climate change. The results proved too that adaptation to climate change was inhibited by many factors such as luck of workforce labor, lack of water and financial resources as well the degradation of the rangelands.

Download Full-text

Paper-based products as promising substitutes for plastics in the context of bans on non-biodegradables

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.4.7309-7312 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 7309-7312

Author(s):

Wei Liu ◽

Huayu Liu ◽

Kun Liu ◽

Haishun Du ◽

Ying Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Problem ◽

Human Life ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Production Costs ◽

Plastic Pollution ◽

Paper Properties ◽

Global Environmental ◽

The World ◽

Plastic Products

As a global environmental problem, plastic pollution has attracted worldwide attention. Plastic wastes not only disrupt ecosystems and biodiversity, but they also threaten human life and health. Countries around the world have enacted regulations in recent years to limit the use of plastics. Paper products have been proposed as promising substitutes for plastics, which undoubtedly brings unprecedented opportunities to the pulp and paper industry. However, paper products have some deficiencies in replacing certain plastic products. Research and development to improve paper properties and reduce production costs is needed to meet such challenges.

Download Full-text

Urban dynamics and the challenges of global environmental change in the south

The Routledge Handbook on Cities of the Global South ◽

10.4324/9780203387832-65 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 635-650

Keyword(s):

Environmental Change ◽

Global Environmental Change ◽

The South ◽

Urban Dynamics ◽

Global Environmental

Download Full-text

The Air Quality Perception of Residents in the Metropolitan Zone of Acapulco Who Live Around Intersections with Intense Traffic

Environments ◽

10.3390/environments7030021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Alfredo Ricardo Zárate Valencia ◽

Maximino Reyes Umaña ◽

Hilda Janet Arellano Wences ◽

Antonio Alfonso Rodríguez Rosales ◽

Columba Rodríguez Alviso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Air Quality ◽

Urban Area ◽

Environmental Problem ◽

Pollutant Concentration ◽

Degree Of Contamination ◽

Quality Perception ◽

Global Environmental ◽

Grouping Method ◽

Metropolitan Zone

Air pollution is a global environmental problem that affects the population. This work demonstrates the perception of air quality by the population of the urban area of the municipality of Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico. To meet the objective, a survey of 36 questions was applied to a sample of 382 people living in the main crossing points of vehicles, where there is more traffic and more severe pollutant concentration problems. We decided to apply the grouping method within a radius of 500 m around the selected intersections, where 95% of the respondents are aware that the air they breathe has a certain degree of contamination.

Download Full-text

Urban Dynamics and the Challenges of Global Environmental Change in the South

The Routledge Handbook on Cities of the Global South ◽

10.4324/9780203387832.ch50 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

David Simon ◽

Hayley Leck

Keyword(s):

Environmental Change ◽

Global Environmental Change ◽

The South ◽

Urban Dynamics ◽

Global Environmental

Download Full-text

Reforming the approach of the Global Environmental Facility to biodiversity conservation

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605300028398 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 101-106

Author(s):

Russell A. Mittermeier ◽

Ian A. Bowles

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Environmental Problem ◽

Convention On Biological Diversity ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Global Environmental Facility ◽

Earth Summit ◽

Funding Mechanism ◽

The Earth ◽

Global Environmental

Biodiversity – a measure of the wealth of species, ecosystems and ecological processes that make up our living planet –received public prominence as a result of the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992. The loss of biodiversity, say the authors, is the greatest environmental problem the world faces but the issue has not been given the attention it deserves. With the emergence of the Global Environmental Facility in 1990 came the chance to fund biodiversity conservation on a unprecedented scale and in 1992 the GEF was adopted as the interim funding mechanism for the Convention on Biological Diversity signed at the Earth Summit. Three years after its foundation, the authors of this paper suggest that the GEF has to be reformed radically if it is to become an effective force in conservation. Their conclusions are based on Conservation International's experience with the GEF over the last 3 years in more than 10 countries.

Download Full-text

The global environmental problem of the XXI century, new realities

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020801019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 01019

Author(s):

Natalya Frolova

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Environmental Problem ◽

Global Scale ◽

Forest Area ◽

Species Barrier ◽

Economic Relations ◽

Zoonotic Infections ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Global Environmental ◽

The Impact

The article analyzes the global environmental problem in its traditional aspects, such as a decrease in forest area, degradation of land resources, air pollution, as well as in its new features - a global pandemic. The article initially presents the concept of a global environmental problem from the perspective of foreign and domestic scientists, as well as international organizations. Further, the analysis of the manifestation of the global environmental problem is carried out in terms of quantitative indicators: reduction of forest area, land degradation, air pollution. The author outlines such an aspect of a global environmental problem as zoonotic infections, that is, the transfer of viruses from animals to humans. Under new conditions, the spread of viruses is accelerating, they easily overcome the species barrier, cause infection of the human body. The transmission of viruses on a global scale is becoming a new reality. At the same time, there are also “side” manifestations of the virus associated with its impact on the socio-economic development of individual countries, the impact on the policy of world economic relations. In conclusion, the author describes specific ways of solving the global environmental problem, both for individual countries and the world in general.

Download Full-text