Infestation Levels of Dogwood Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Larvae on Dogwood Trees in Selected Habitats in Tennessee

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Rogers ◽  
Jerome F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Forest Understory ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Synanthedon Scitula ◽  
Dogwood Borer ◽  
Forest Habitats ◽  
Natural Component

Infestation levels of dogwood borer [Synanthedon scitula (Harris)] on flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) in commercial nursery, urban, and forest habitats in eastern and middle Tennessee were measured during 1987 and 1988. The highest average infestation level (ca. 60%) was found in the urban habitat, where mechanical injury, e.g., damage caused by lawn mowers or string trimmers, may have provided oviposition or larval entry sites. Dogwood borer larvae were found in all nursery blocks examined, with ca. 7% of the trees infested/block. Infested trees are not marketable; thus, economic losses averaged ca. $l,800/block (x̄ = 1,770 trees/block) of dogwoods. Infestation levels were lowest (ca. 1%) in the forest habitat, where dogwoods grow as a natural component of the forest understory.

scholarly journals Dogwood Borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)

EDIS ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamba Gyeltshen ◽  
Amanda Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Synanthedon Scitula ◽  
Dogwood Borer

EENY-374, a 4-page illustrated fact sheet by Jamba Gyeltshen and Amanda Hodges, describes this destructive pest of flowering dogwood and other cultivated trees. Part of the Featured Creatures series, this publication covers the distribution, description, biology, host plants, damage, management, and selected references. Part of the Featured Creatures Collection. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, May 2006. EENY-374/IN671: Dogwood Borer, Synanthedon scitula(Harris) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Disease Resistance and Adaptability of Stellar and Flowering Dogwood Cultivars at Two Alabama Sites

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
A.K. Hagan ◽  
J.R. Akridge ◽  
J. Ducar ◽  
K.L. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Cornus Florida ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Synanthedon Scitula ◽  
Dogwood Borer

Abstract Stellar® dogwood (Cornus florida × kousa) cultivars Aurora®, Constellation®, Celestial™, Ruth Ellen®, and Stellar Pink® were compared with selected flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) cultivars Cherokee Brave®, ‘Cherokee Princess’, ‘Cloud 9’, and ‘Rubra’ in a simulated landscape planting at sites in southwest (USDA Hardiness Zone 8a) and northeast Alabama (USDA Hardiness Zone 7a) for their reaction to the diseases spot anthracnose, powdery mildew, and Cercospora leaf spot. Tree longevity as influenced by the occurrence of the dogwood borer (Synanthedon scitula) and an ambrosia beetle (Xylosandrus sp.) was also assessed at both sites. All Stellar® dogwood cultivars generally proved resistant to the bract and leaf spot phases of spot anthracnose as well as powdery mildew and Cercospora leaf spot. While Cherokee Brave® was the only flowering dogwood with partial resistance to powdery mildew at both sites; this and the other flowering dogwood cultivars were equally susceptible to spot anthracnose and Cercospora leaf spot. Insect damage levels were higher at the southwest site than the northeast Alabama site. Within 3 years of establishment at the southwest Alabama site, incidence of tunneling damage attributed to dogwood borer and an ambrosia beetle was higher on the Stellar® dogwood than flowering dogwood cultivars, which also had higher values for tree longevity. In contrast, tree longevity was equally high and insect damage equally low at the northeast Alabama site for both the Stellar® and flowering dogwood cultivars. Superb resistance to the diseases spot anthracnose, powdery mildew, and Cercospora leaf spot translated into superior aesthetics and fall color for the Stellar® compared with the flowering dogwood cultivars at the northeast Alabama site. Hardiness of Stellar® dogwood cultivars in Alabama and possibly other southern states below USDA Hardiness Zone 7a is questionable due to tree vulnerability to the dogwood borer and ambrosia beetle.

Socioeconomic Clustering in Seismic Risk Assessment of Urban Housing Stock

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S.R. Prasad ◽  
Yogendra Singh ◽  
Amir M. Kaynia ◽  
Conrad Lindholm
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment

A seismic risk assessment methodology based on socioeconomic clustering of urban habitat is presented in this paper. In this methodology, the city is divided into different housing clusters based on socioeconomic level of occupants, representing reasonably uniform seismic risk. It makes an efficient utilization of high resolution satellite data and stratified random sample survey to develop the building stock database. Ten different classes of socioeconomic clusters found in Indian cities are defined and 34 model building types (MBTs) prevalent on the Indian subcontinent have been identified and compared with the Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik (MSK) scale, European macroseismic scale (EMS), parameterless scale of seismic intensity (PSI), and HAZUS classifications. Lower and upper bound damage probability matrices (DPMs) are estimated, based on the MSK and EMS intensity scales and experience from past earthquakes in India. A case study of Dehradun, a city in the foothills of Himalayas, is presented. The risk estimates using the estimated DPMs have been compared with those obtained using the PSI scale. It has been observed that poorer people are subjected to higher seismic risk, both in terms of casualties and in terms of percent economic losses.

OBSERVATIONS, MONITORING, AND CONTROL OF CLEARWING BORERS (LEPIDOPTERA: SESIIDAE) ON APPLE IN CENTRAL ONTARIO

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (12) ◽  
pp. 1471-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Warner ◽  
S. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Synanthedon Scitula ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dogwood Borer

AbstractObservations on Malus domestica (Borkh) in central Ontario between 1981 and 1984 revealed that dogwood borer (Synanthedon scitula Harris) larval feeding was primarily associated with burr knots on the above-ground portion of apple rootstocks. Trunk injuries also served as sites of entry. Monitoring with pheromones indicated moth emergence occurred from late June until early August with peak activity occurring near the middle of July. Control of the dogwood borer on apple was obtained with 2 trunk drench sprays of dimethoate, fenvalerate, permethrin plus oil, endosulfan, parathion, chlorpyrifos, or lindane when applied during the period of adult flight activity.

scholarly journals Composing a vegetation-stand map for the protected area of 'Radan' Nature Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-36
Author(s):  
Dragana Ostojić ◽  
Biljana Krsteski ◽  
Zoran Stojković ◽  
Ana Petković ◽  
Bogosav Stojiljković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Habitat Mapping ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Vegetation Stand ◽  
Forest Habitats

Protected areas are one of the priorities for mapping habitats, especially forest habitats, which are dominant in most protected areas of central Serbia, such as "Radan" Nature Park. This paper presents the forest habitat mapping in the protected area of "Radan" NP and the development of vegetation-stand map of the protected area in an effort to examine the methodology of forest habitats mapping in Serbia, which presumes a long term systematic data collection. Although much has been done on the classification of habitats in Serbia, considering both botanical and the forestry approach, the practical application of this knowledge in habitat mapping is still in its infancy, with the exception of longstanding practical work on data collection for Forest Management Plans for the state-owned forests. Data on forest stands in Nature Park "Radan" collected in this manner were essential to developing the vegetation-stand map of "Radan" NP. The results of data processing and harmonization of typology and classification of state-owned forests have been presented in this paper, as well as the analysis of forest habitat types in this protected area. The paper presents the vegetation-stand maps of the state-owned forests in the protected area and of the pilot area of privately owned forests, for which detailed field data collection was necessary. These maps are intended for the management of protected areas and systematic and efficient implementation of protection measures and activities. Habitat mapping in protected areas is a prerequisite for an adequate biodiversity monitoring, as well as for management and sustainable use of natural resources of the protected area.

scholarly journals Diversity of trees and structure of forest habitat types in Mt. Tago Range, Mindanao, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Forest Habitats ◽  
Montane Rainforest

Mt. Tago Range in Bukidnon has been subjected to deforestation and forest fragmentation due to logging ca. 35–40 years ago or as direct result of land conversion for agriculture, human settlements and wildlife product harvesting. It is currently not a protected area. This study aimed to provide data on the tree species diversity, structure, composition, conservation status and threats of the forest habitats in the site. Tree survey in the range was conducted in 2018–2019 using thirty-nine 20 x 20 m sampling plots and six one-kilometer transect lines. A total of 1,032 tree individuals from 54 families, 85 genera and 121 species were documented. The site is composed of four tropical forest habitat types namely: lower montane rainforest, upper montane rainforest, mossy-pygmy and forest over ultramafic rocks. These forest habitats also differed in species composition, elevation, substrate, dominance and structure in terms of height and diameter at breast height. The highest diversity index was observed in the mid-elevation and decreasing toward the peak. The diversity pattern herein is attributed to elevation, forest degradation due to anthropogenic activities and nature of habitat. The most abundant families were the Myrtaceae (23%), Podocarpaceae (12.8%) and Fagaceae (12.6%). At the family level the most dominant taxa included the Moraceae (8.7%), Rubiaceae (6.5%) and Myrtaceae (5.8%). Highest importance value index (IVI) in all forest types fell within the range of IVI’s for tropical forests. Assessment of conservation and ecological status revealed that 11 species (8%) are threatened, 28 (22%) Least Concern (LC) and 16 (12%) are Philippine endemics. Threats to tree diversity in Mt. Tago Range included land conversion for agriculture and settlement, illegal logging and lack of legislative protection. The implementation of conservation strategies by stakeholders is recommended to protect the tree species communities and population across the forest habitat types in the site. KEYWORDS: biodiversity, flora, Shannon-Weiner Index, Importance Value Index, non-Protected Area

Further studies on the chipmunk warble, Cuterebra emasculator (Diptera: Cuterebridae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Density ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Forest Habitats

The prevalence of Cuterebra emasculator Fitch in 1328 chipmunks (Tamias striatus) was analyzed as to the sex and age class of the host and to the forest habitats from which the chipmunks were obtained. The prevalence of the parasite was highest in immature animals of both sexes and lowest in adult females. Prevalence of C. emasculator was highest in chipmunks from second-growth mixed forests; such animals also carried more parasites per animal. Chipmunks from mature coniferous forests harbored the fewest parasites per individual and the prevalence was the lowest. The parasite density was extremely low, averaging one fly per 2.8 acres in mature coniferous forest and one fly per 0.7 acres in the second-growth forest habitat.

Sex Pheromone of the Dogwood Borer, Synanthedon scitula

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2463-2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aijun Zhang ◽  
Tracy C. Leskey ◽  
J. Christopher Bergh ◽  
James F. Walgenbach
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Synanthedon Scitula ◽  
Dogwood Borer

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS SEMUT (Formicidae) DI HUTAN KOTA KABUPATEN KETAPANG KALIMANTAN BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Mustika ◽  
Harri Prayogo ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Ecosystem Stability ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Forest Habitats

The diversity of ant species is one of the links in ecosystem stability as decomposing insects as well as food sources so that its existence becomes very ecologically important. Information about the types of ants found in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency is not yet available, therefore the problem of this research is how the diversity of ant species (Formicidae) in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency. This study aims to document the richness and diversity of ant species in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The method used was purposive sampling and systematic where the placement of traps was carried out according to the presence of ants in terrestrial and arboreal types in secondary forest habitats. Based on the results of research in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency, which was carried out in two types, namely terrestrial type and arboreal type, 10 species of 5 sub-families were found. Sub-families and types of ants found include: Dolichoderinae (Dolichoderus burmanicus, Dolichoderus taprobanae ceramensis), Formicinae (Aphomomyrmex afer, Polirachis browni, Prenolepis fisheri, Chepalotes femoral), Myrmicinae (Crematogester yameni, Crematogester indet), Ponerinae (Odontomachus haematodus), Pseudomyrmecinae (Tetraponera attenuata). The species diversity index (H') in terrestrial type secondary forest habitat (H'= 0.62) and arboreal type (H'= 0.81), the results of the two types in the secondary forest can be concluded that it is still relatively low.Keywords: Ants, Secondary forest habitat, Species diversity

Predation on artificial ground nests in relation to abundance of rodents in two types of forest habitats in the Tatra Mountains (southern Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Marcin Matysek ◽  
Karol Zub ◽  
Robert Gwiazda ◽  
Filip Zięba ◽  
Maciej Klimecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
The Tatra Mountains ◽  
Forest Habitats ◽  
Ground Nesting

Context The breeding success of ground-nesting birds is strongly related to the predation rate. Many predators feed primarily on rodents when the densities of rodents are high and change to alternative prey (eggs or young birds) when the main prey populations decrease. Aims During a 3-year study, predation on an artificial nest was related to population dynamics of small mammals in coniferous and deciduous forests in the Tatra Mountains (western Carpathians). Methods Small mammals were captured using the live traps. In deciduous forest habitats, we placed 36 traps and, in coniferous forest habitats, we placed 18 traps. In total, 174 artificial nests imitating broods of hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonansia) were located randomly in both types of forest habitat between 2012 and 2014. Predators of the artificial nests were identified by camera-traps at 87 nests. Key results Most of the artificial nests were lost to predation by mammals. The most numerous species of rodents in both types of forest habitat were the yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). A significant decrease in the number of rodents was followed by a considerable increase of predation on artificial nests. There were no significant differences in the rates of predation between the two forest-habitat types. Conclusions Our results support the alternative prey hypothesis and suggest that the breeding success of ground-nesting birds in the forests of the Tatra Mountains varies strongly from year to year, depending on the abundance of rodents. Implications Increasing of rodents’ density may result in lower predation pressure on eggs of ground-nesting birds. This finding may help modify recommendations for conservationists and forest managers to optimize their effort to save populations of Galliformes.

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