Sludge Wastewater Management by Conventional Treatment Process: Case Study - Bujumbura Municipal Sewage

The aim of this paper is to study the treatment process of a Roman fullery (fullonica) with particular attention to the water and wastewater management system. Remains of several fullonicae have been documented at Pompeii and Herculaneum (Campania, Southern Italy), Ostia and Rome (Latium region, Central Italy), Florence (Tuscany, Central Italy), etc. The common academic perception of Roman fullonicae is significantly influenced by the fullonica of Stephanus (I 6, 7) in Pompeii, which is assumed to be a paradigmatic case study in this paper. The use of urine as an alkaline chemical agent in the soaping phase of the filling treatment process was overstated, with there also being no evidence of the fact that fullers collected their urine by means of vessels in front of their workshops, as usually reported. Thus, it is not clear how the Roman fullers collected and transported the urine they used in the fulleries. Finally, the rinsing phase can be considered a clear example of water reuse.

Download Full-text

Co-Management of Sewage Sludge and Other Organic Wastes: A Scandinavian Case Study

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3411

Author(s):

Clara Fernando-Foncillas ◽

Maria M. Estevez ◽

Hinrich Uellendahl ◽

Cristiano Varrone

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Resource Recovery ◽

Organic Wastes ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Sewage Sludge Management ◽

The Common ◽

Green Chemicals

Wastewater and sewage sludge contain organic matter that can be valorized through conversion into energy and/or green chemicals. Moreover, resource recovery from these wastes has become the new focus of wastewater management, to develop more sustainable processes in a circular economy approach. The aim of this review was to analyze current sewage sludge management systems in Scandinavia with respect to resource recovery, in combination with other organic wastes. As anaerobic digestion (AD) was found to be the common sludge treatment approach in Scandinavia, different available organic municipal and industrial wastes were identified and compared, to evaluate the potential for expanding the resource recovery by anaerobic co-digestion. Additionally, a full-scale case study of co-digestion, as strategy for optimization of the anaerobic digestion treatment, was presented for each country, together with advanced biorefinery approaches to wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

Download Full-text

Assessment of seasonal effects of municipal sewage pollution on the water quality of an urban canal—a case study of the Buckingham canal at Kalpakkam (India): NO3, PO4, SO4, BOD, COD and DO

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ◽

10.1007/s10661-008-0530-0 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 157 (1-4) ◽

pp. 223-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Yudhistra Kumar ◽

M. Vikram Reddy

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Seasonal Effects ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Sewage Pollution

Download Full-text

Sonographic Discovery of Segmental Testicular Infarction

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography ◽

10.1177/87564793211064997 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 875647932110649

Author(s):

Kelly Pham

Keyword(s):

Conservative Treatment ◽

Testicular Torsion ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Accurate Diagnosis ◽

Sonographic Diagnosis ◽

Testicular Infarction ◽

Segmental Testicular Infarction

The prevalence of segmental testicular infarction is extremely uncommon and very few cases have been reported in literature. Clinical and sonographic presentation of this condition can mimic testicular neoplasms or testicular torsion. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of segmental testicular infarction is imperative in the treatment process. This case study presents the sonographic diagnosis of testicular infarction in a 49-year-old man who reported mild testicular tenderness. A conservative treatment approach was used, saving the patient unnecessary surgical intervention.

Download Full-text

Fragmentation of microplastics in the drinking water treatment process - A case study in Yangtze River region, China

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150545 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 150545

Author(s):

Junyi Wu ◽

Yan Zhang ◽

Yu Tang

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Yangtze River ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Water Treatment Process ◽

River Region

Download Full-text

Comparison of a Tannery that Using the Conventional Treatment of Waste Water and That Using the Recycling Method

European Journal of Engineering Research and Science ◽

10.24018/ejers.2020.5.2.1745 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 124-126

Author(s):

Rehab Ahmed Salman ◽

G. A. Gasmelseed ◽

R. S. Hassan

Keyword(s):

Conventional Treatment ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Life Time ◽

Treatment Method ◽

The Other ◽

Environment Protection ◽

Recycling Process ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Great Saving ◽

Float Process

The conventional treatment methods of tannery spent float is found to be not sufficient to meet the required international standers levels of liquid discharges on the other hand the establishment of the treatment unit for the physical, biological and chemical treatment of the spent float is found to be extremely high-cost process. During the life time of the tannery by using the recycling of the spent float method, there would be a great saving in the water and the chemicals as well as environment protection. The comparison of the capital cost estimates of two tanneries with the same capacity, one with the conventional treatment method (large treatment unit should be established) and the other used the recycling of the spent float process, show the advantages of using the recycling process over the conventional treatment process.

Download Full-text

Decentralized sanitation implementation in Vietnam: a peri-urban case study

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.565 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 133-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. Beausejour ◽

A.V. Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Management System ◽

Small Towns ◽

Small Scale ◽

Community Management ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Local Resources ◽

Management Project

This research presents one of the first comprehensive case studies of a small-scale wastewater management project in Vietnam. The research demonstrates how the community integrated a small-scale wastewater management system based on household participation and community management. It is argued that local resources of peri-urban and small towns could be used more efficiently to contribute to wastewater management in Vietnam if appropriate technologies are used and if their management and technical capacities are reinforced.

Download Full-text

Case study modelling for an ettringite treatment process

Water SA ◽

10.4314/wsa.v44i1.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1 January) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C Germishuizen ◽

S Franzsen ◽

H Grobler ◽

GS Simate ◽

CM Sheridan

Keyword(s):

Acid Mine Drainage ◽

Case Studies ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Mine Drainage ◽

Feed Water ◽

Aluminium Sulphate ◽

Ettringite Formation ◽

Water Ph ◽

Treat Acid Mine Drainage

Several technologies have been developed to treat acid mine drainage (AMD) and attention is shifting towards the removal of sulphate. The formation of ettringite, a hydrous calcium aluminium sulphate mineral, is an option to treat AMD and can reduce the sulphate concentration to well below the discharge specifications. The process modelled in this study includes the formation of ettringite and the recovery of gibbsite through the decomposition of recycled ettringite. The modelling of this process was done using PHREEQC and the results presented in this paper are based on the outcome of different case studies that investigated how the process is affected by a change in parameters. These include, changing the feed water pH, altering the split fractions in the hydrocyclone for the gibbsite recovery and varying the pH for ettringite formation.

Download Full-text