scholarly journals Evaluation of the Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) in Patients Affected by Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: 6 to 12 Weeks After Discharge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Soleymani Babadi ◽  
Alireza Kashefizadeh ◽  
Nooshin Dalili ◽  
Laya Ohadi ◽  
Abbas Gheisoori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Diffusion Capacity ◽  
Inspiratory Muscles ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Expiratory Muscles ◽  
Mixed Pattern ◽  
Restricted Pattern

The most lethal adverse effect of COVID-19 is acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can lead to rapid death. This symptom even causes concern for patients who have recovered and have been discharged. Therefore, it is obligatory to test and monitor variations in their lungs’ function after recovery. In this study, we evaluated the pulmonary function of 64 patients with severe COVID-19, six weeks to 3 months after discharge. Pulmonary function parameters were measured by spirometry and body box according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and under the supervision of an adult pulmonologist. According to the forced expiratory volume (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio and total lung capacity (TLC) values, it was found that 3.1% of people had an obstructive pattern, 40.63% of patients had the restrictive pattern, and 6.25% of improved individuals showed a mixed pattern. Furthermore, the study of diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) index revealed that 13.3%, 25%, and 53% of cases had mild, moderate, and severe disorders of gas exchange, respectively. In addition, determining the maximum amount of inspiratory muscles (PI max) and expiratory muscles (PE max) disclosed that the rate of these two indicators in 62.5% and 71.88% of the subjects were less than 50%, respectively. In general, the results of the present study suggest that pulmonary function test and follow-up of patients' condition are not only recommended but seems to be essential after recovery due to the large percentage of patients with the restricted pattern a few weeks after recovery.

scholarly journals Pattern of Pulmonary Function Test in Patients with Severe Mitral Stenosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
Umme Salma Khan ◽  
Abdullah Al Shafi Majumder ◽  
AKM Monwarul Islam ◽  
Fazle Rabbi Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Restricted Type ◽  
Impaired Pulmonary Function

Background: The deterioration in lung function in mitral stenosis correlates with the severity of stenotic valves. A correlation is noted between vital capacity and the severity of dyspnoea in patients with mitral stenosis. This study tried to evaluate the pattern of pulmonary function test in patient with severe mitral stenosis.Materials & Methods: This study involving 56 patients of severe mitral stenosis was performed in a referral cardiovascular center at Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to September, 2011. Colour doppler echocardiography and pulmonary function test were performed in each cases. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC and peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate was assessed from pulmonary function test. Finally, pattern of pulmonary function test in severe mitral stenosis was assessed.Results: Amomg 56 patients, 46 were female with a male female ratio 1: 0.22 and the mean age of patients was 28.76 ± 7.2. Among patients with severe mitral stenosis, mean FEV1 (%) was 60.18 ± 13.054. Minimum FVC (%) was 26, maximum was 90 with mean 53.80 ± 12.313. The PEF varied from 150 to 330 L/minute with mean 223.75 ± 62.3251. In current study, out of 56 patients, 2 cases had obstructive type and rest of the patients had restricted type of airway on pulmonary function.Conclusion: The brief results of this study reveal that severe mitral stenosis is associated with impaired pulmonary function, usually presenting restrictive airway pattern.Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2014; 2 (2): 57-59

scholarly journals Importance of Pre Operative Pulmonary Function Test to Predict Risk of Pulmonary Complications after Abdominal Surgery- An Evidence Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Krupa Pareshbhai Patel ◽  
Anjali Bhise
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Function Test

Background: Spirometry is a universal, simple, and non-invasive pulmonary function test. Spirometry, along with calculation of the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), is helpful for diagnosing obstructive or restrictive lung disease. Postoperative Pulmonary Complications are defined as unintended pulmonary abnormalities that occur as a result of surgery which cause identifiable dysfunction. Purpose: To find the evidence showing the importance of pre-operative PFT to predict risk of pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery Methodology: The study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Evidences selected since year 2002- 2020 from PubMed, Google Scholar, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), ResearchGate and ScienceDirect. Key words used were: Pulmonary Function Tests, Post-Operative Pulmonary Complications, and Abdominal Surgery. Analysis was done using 2 scales: Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence Scale. Total 12 articles were found. Among them 10 were selected. Results: 5 articles showed that preoperative PFT is important in prediction of PPCs while the other half concluded that routine preoperative spirometry is not necessary before non-thoracic surgeries. Conclusion: Based on evidences, in the nutshell it is reviewed that there is controversy regarding the value of preoperative pulmonary functions test in non-thoracic surgeries. Keywords: Pulmonary Function Tests, Post-Operative Pulmonary Complications, and Abdominal Surgery

scholarly journals Effect of acute respiratory infections in infancy on pulmonary function test at 3 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000436
Author(s):  
Prawin Kumar ◽  
Aparna Mukherjee ◽  
Shivani Randev ◽  
Guruprasad R Medigeshi ◽  
Kana Ram Jat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionAcute respiratory infections (ARIs) in infancy may have a long-term impact on the developing respiratory system. We planned a prospective cohort study to determine the impact of ARI during infancy on the pulmonary function test indices at 3 years of age.MethodsA cohort of normal, full-term newborns were followed up 6 monthly and during ARI episodes. Infant pulmonary function tests (IPFTs) were performed at baseline and each follow-up visit using tidal breathing flow-volume loop, rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RTC) and raised volume RTC manoeuvres. During each ARI episode, nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for respiratory pathogens by real-time PCR.ResultsWe screened 3421 neonates; 310 were enrolled; IPFT was performed in 225 (boys: 125 (55.6%)) at 3 years. During infancy, 470 ARI episodes were documented in 173 infants. At 3 years, children with history of any ARI episode during infancy had lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0), forced expiratory volume in 0.75 s (FEV0.75), forced expiratory volume in 0.5 s (FEV0.5), forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF25–75), and maximal expiratory flow at 25% of FVC (MEF25) as compared with those without any ARI episode during infancy. The ratio of tidal expiratory flow (TEF) at 25% or 50% of tidal expiratory volume to peak TEF (TEF50 or TEF25/peak TEF) at 3 years was significantly increased in children who had ARI in infancy.ConclusionsARI during infancy is associated with impaired pulmonary function indices such as increased resistance and decreased forced expiratory flow and volume at 3 years of age.

scholarly journals Correlation of Height Parameter and Pulmonary Function Test with Grade of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 349-352
Author(s):  
Sadaf Choudhary ◽  
Keya Rani Lahiri ◽  
Fehmida Najmuddin
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Function Test

Introduction: Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma adversely affects height in children and it could be considered as an objective tool to assess severity, compliance and lung functions in children. We studied the correlation between height and pulmonary function tests with classification of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Aims & Objectives: 1) To study the height parameter with the grade of asthma and allergic rhinitis 2) To evaluate the pulmonary function test with the severity of asthma and allergic rhinitis 3) To correlate height and pulmonary function test with the classification of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Material and Methods: A prospective study including 30 patients in the age group of 5-12 years diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma was conducted in a private tertiary care hospital in Navi Mumbai. History was entered in a pre-designed proforma and height was measured using a calibrated stadiometer along with pulmonary function tests recorded at the initial and two visits, 3 months apart. Results: Height increased significantly in patients without AR (p-value<0.01), with mild intermittent (p-value=0.02) and mild persistent AR (p-value<0.01) on subsequent visits. Patients with intermittent, mild persistent and moderate persistent asthma showed a statistically significant increase in height (p-value<0.01) with subsequent assessments. No significant increase in height was noted in patients with moderate persistent AR (p-value=0.14) and severe persistent asthma (p-value=0.16). At baseline, the height correlated significantly with FEV1 (p value<0.01), FVC (p value<0.01), Pre and Post-PEFR (p value<0.01, each). This trend continued at the first follow up. At the second follow-up, height correlated significantly with all parameters of pulmonary function tests (p value<0.01 for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio and PEFR). Conclusion: Height correlation with classification of AR and Asthma along with pulmonary function test has emerged as a simple, safe, cost-effective method in assessing control and monitoring the disease.

scholarly journals “Pulmonary dysfunction in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy may appear earlier than we thought – analysis using novel methodology based on z-scores."

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Wasilewska ◽  
Sylwia Małgorzewicz ◽  
Jarosław Meyer-Szary ◽  
Karolina Sledzinska ◽  
Marek Niedoszytko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Z Scores

IntroductionRespiratory status is one of the main factors affecting the length of survival in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) – the most common, severe, progressive muscular dystrophy.The aim: (1) to assess pulmonary function in DMD patients using the z-score method and (2) to identify factors affecting it, irrespective of the disease progress.Material and methodsWe evaluated 55 boys (aged 5 – 18 years) with DMD. The spirometry was performed with: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) analysis as absolute values (in litres or litres/min), % predicted value (%pv) and z-scores [z]. The need of ventilation support, ambulatory status, steroid therapy were collected.Results25(45%) subjects were non-ambulatory, 38(69%) used steroid therapy. Mean FVC[z] -2.4±2.2, FEV1[z] -2.0±1.9, PEF[z] -1.5±1.3 value significantly decrease with age (r=-0.62/-0.65/-0.55; p<0.001 respectively), after reaching the peak values between 9-12 or 6-9 years of age depending on analysis method (absolute, %pv or z-score). The results fell below normal range (z-score<-1.64) at the age of 9.8/10.4/11.6 years and below 80%pv at 10.7/13.2/13.2 for FVC/FEV1/PEF, respectively. The pulmonary function test results were significantly lower in non-ambulant (p<0.001) and non-steroid patients (p<0.02).ConclusionsAnalysis of pulmonary function test based on z-score shows that deterioration of pulmonary function in DMD males may appear earlier than we thought measured by %pv and absolute values. Early loss of ambulation, lack of or delayed steroid therapy are risk factors for worse pulmonary outcomes. To confirm these findings cohort longitudinal studies are necessary.

scholarly journals Increased Levels of Soluble CD206 Associated with Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Dermatomyositis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Shen ◽  
Ya-Mei Zhang ◽  
Zhen-Guo Huang ◽  
Guo-Chun Wang ◽  
Qing-Lin Peng
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Physician Global Assessment ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Function Test

Objective. Soluble CD206 (sCD206) is considered a macrophage activation marker, and a previous study proved it as a potential biomarker to predict the severity of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5- (anti-MDA-5-) positive dermatomyositis- (DM-) associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). To investigate the role of sCD206 in various subtypes of DM, we evaluated the serum level of sCD206 in patients with different myositis-specific autoantibodies besides anti-MDA-5 and clarified its clinical significance. Methods. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to detect serum concentrations of sCD206 in 150 patients with DM and 52 healthy controls (HCs). Correlations between sCD206 levels and clinical features, laboratory examinations, and pulmonary function test parameters were analysed. Results. The median concentrations of serum sCD206 in DM patients were significantly higher than those in HCs ( p < 0.0001 ). Furthermore, median sCD206 levels were elevated in patients with ILD ( p = 0.001 ), especially in those with rapidly progressive ILD (RP-ILD) ( p < 0.0001 ). In addition, sCD206 levels were negatively correlated with the pulmonary function test results, including the percent predicted forced vital capacity ( r = − 0.234 , p = 0.023 ), percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second ( r = − 0.225 , p = 0.030 ), and percent predicted carbon monoxide diffusion capacity ( r = − 0.261 , p = 0.014 ). Age- and gender-adjusted multivariable analysis showed that sCD206 was an independent prognostic factor for RP-ILD in patients with DM. A longitudinal study showed that sCD206 levels were positively correlated with the physician global assessment visual analog scale scores ( β = 54.201 , p = 0.001 ). Conclusion. Serum sCD206 levels were significantly increased in patients with DM and significantly associated with RP-ILD, suggesting that sCD206 is an important biological predictor of RP-ILD in patients with DM.

scholarly journals GAP Score and CA-153 Associated with One-Year Mortality in Anti-MDA-5 Antibody-Positive Patients: A Real-World Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5241
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Tseng ◽  
Kao-Lun Wang ◽  
Pin-Kuei Fu ◽  
Cheng-Yi Huang ◽  
Tsu-Yi Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Inflammatory Myositis ◽  
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Function Test ◽  
One Year

Background. Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) antibody is associated with respiratory failure and death in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study aimed to investigate clinical parameters associated with mortality in anti-MDA-5 antibody-positive patients. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and laboratory data, and pulmonary function test results in 55 anti-MDA-5 antibody-positive patients. A comparison was made between the survivors and non-survivors at the 12-month follow-up. Results. A total of 13 patients (23.6%) died within 12 months. Non-survivors had higher GAP scores (gender, age, and physiology score for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) (1 vs. 6, p < 0.01) and CA-153 (16.4 vs. 72.9, p < 0.01). In addition, rapid progressive ILD, fever, peak ferritin, leukocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase, CT score, intravenous immunoglobulin, mycophenolic acid, CMV infections, pneumocystis pneumonia, and pneumothorax were significantly associated with increased risks of 1-year mortality, while forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide were correlated with decreased risk of 1-year mortality. Conclusions. Our study results suggest that GAP scores and CA-153 could be prognostic factors for 1-year mortality in anti-MDA-5 antibody-positive patients. A prompt pulmonary function test and CA-153 are essential for these patients to guide further management.

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