The Most Important Risk Factors for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Journal of Zabol Medical School ◽

10.18502/jzms.v4i3.7821 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Asghar Sharifi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Shape Index ◽

Mean Values ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Hand Length

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome and its relationship with the severity of the disease. Methods: A total of 131 patients with clinical symptoms of CTS and 131 normal subjects were enrolled, of whom 121 were female both in the CTS cases and the controls. All cases were electro diagnostically confirmed and assigned to three severity groups. BMI, wrist ratio, shape index, digit index and hand length/height ratio were measured in all participants. Mean values for each item were compared between cases and controls and severity subgroups. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent CTS risk factors. Results: The mean values of BMI, wrist ratio and shape index were significantly higher in all CTS patients and females compared to controls, whereas in males only BMI and wrist ratio were higher. The patients in the mild severity subgroup had a significantly lower age and wrist ratio. BMI, wrist ratio and shape index were found to be independent risk factors of CTS development in all patients and females. Conclusion: Our study showed BMI, wrist ratio and shape index as independent risk factors for CTS. These findings are important anatomically and clinically and these are the risk factors of anatomical malfunction of the wrist in CTS.

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An evaluation of gender, body mass index, wrist circumference and wrist ratio as independent risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00528.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 112 (6) ◽

pp. 375-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

A. Moghtaderi ◽

S. Izadi ◽

N. Sharafadinzadeh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Body Mass ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Wrist Circumference ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Independent Risk Factors

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Biomechanical and psychosocial exposures are independent risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome: assessment of confounding using causal diagrams

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2016-103634 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. oemed-2016-103634 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carisa Harris-Adamson ◽

Ellen A Eisen ◽

Andreas Neophytou ◽

Jay Kapellusch ◽

Arun Garg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Causal Diagrams ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Independent Risk Factors

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Japanese Aged 50 to 89 Years

The Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) ◽

10.1142/s2424835520500356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (03) ◽

pp. 320-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shun Hashimoto ◽

Shota Ikegami ◽

Hikaru Nishimura ◽

Shigeharu Uchiyama ◽

Jun Takahashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Japanese Population ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Population Based ◽

Sensory Disturbance ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Positive Correlations

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy worldwide, but there are few reports investigating its prevalence using subjects diagnosed by both clinical symptoms and nerve conduction studies (NCSs) in a population-based cohort. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of CTS diagnosed by sensory disturbance findings and NCSs using a randomly sampled resident population. Methods: Subjects aged between 50 and 89 years were randomly sampled from the basic resident registry of a rural Japanese town. Subjects indicating a history of CTS surgery in a written questionnaire were classified as having past CTS. Subjects with both sensory disturbance of the median nerve area and delays in NCSs were diagnosed as having present CTS. Subjects with past or present CTS were judged as affected with CTS. We calculated the prevalence of CTS and investigated for possible risk factors. Results: Seventeen subjects (14 female and 3 male) were affected with CTS among 379 enrolled subjects. Adjusting these results to Japanese population values, the weighted prevalence of CTS was 4.7% (female: 7.2%, male: 1.8%) in the Japanese population aged 50 to 89 years. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between CTS and female, higher BMI, rheumatoid arthritis, and trigger digit. In females affected with CTS, third metacarpal length was significantly shorter than in those without CTS. Conclusions: This epidemiological study clarified the prevalence of CTS among Japanese seniors as 4.7%. Female, higher BMI, rheumatoid arthritis, trigger digit, and shorter third metacarpal length in females were risk factors for CTS.

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Clinical Update: Understanding Causation: An Example Using Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2007.novdec02 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 5-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Mark Melhorn

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Legal Responsibility ◽

Medical Evidence ◽

Anatomic Structure ◽

Legal Professionals ◽

Compensation Systems ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Four Levels

Abstract Medical evidence is drawn from observation, is multifactorial, and relies on the laws of probability rather than a single cause, but, in law, finding causation between a wrongful act and harm is essential to the attribution of legal responsibility. These different perspectives often result in dissatisfaction for litigants, uncertainty for judges, and friction between health care and legal professionals. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) provides an example: Popular notions suggest that CTS results from occupational arm or hand use, but medical factors range from congenital or acquired anatomic structure, age, sex, and body mass index, and perhaps also involving hormonal disorders, diabetes, pregnancy, and others. The law separately considers two separate components of causation: cause in fact (a cause-and-effect relationship exists) and proximate or legal cause (two events are so closely related that liability can be attached to the first event). Workers’ compensation systems are a genuine, no-fault form of insurance, and evaluators should be aware of the relevant thresholds and legal definitions for the jurisdiction in which they provide an opinion. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment contains a large number of specific references and outlines the methodology to evaluate CTS, including both occupational and nonoccupational risk factors and assigning one of four levels of evidence that supports the conclusion.

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Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported wrist and hand symptoms and clinically confirmed carpal tunnel syndrome among office workers in China: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-10137-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Beibei Feng ◽

Kedi Chen ◽

Xiaoxia Zhu ◽

Wing-Yuk Ip ◽

Lars L. Andersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Computer Use ◽

Office Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Related ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Hand Symptoms

Abstract Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common cause of pain, numbness and tingling in the wrist and hand region and is associated with repetitive wrist and hand use in office workers. However, scarce knowledge exists about the epidemiology of clinically confirmed CTS among Chinese office workers. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of wrist/hand symptoms and CTS in office workers in China and to identify associated risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in a metropolitan city in China involving 969 respondents (aged 17–49 years) from 30 workplaces. A questionnaire was distributed to each participant to collect their demographic, work-related physical and psychosocial factors, and wrist and hand symptoms. The wrist and hand pain/numbness symptoms were marked on a body chart and the nature and intensity of symptoms, nocturnal symptoms, as well as aggravating activities were also recorded. Clinically confirmed CTS cases were screened based on the history, Phalen’s test, Tinel Sign and skin sensation testing among symptomatic respondents. Logistic regression was employed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the occurrence of self-reported wrist and hand symptoms and clinically confirmed CTS. Results The clinically confirmed CTS prevalence was 9.6%. The prevalence of wrist and hand symptoms were 22 and 15%, respectively. Frequently working in pain was associated with higher odds of CTS. Multivariate modelling adjusted for age and gender showed that prolonged computer use time and working without breaks were associated with presence of wrist/hand symptoms (adjusted ORs: 1.11 (95% CI 1.02–1.22) and 1.88 (95% CI 1.12–3.14)). Educational level was inversely associated with CTS and smoking was associated with wrist/hand complaints (adjusted OR: 2.20 (95% CI 1.19–4.07)). Conclusions The prevalence of work-related clinically confirmed CTS symptoms among young office workers in China is high. Frequently working in pain is closely associated with clinically confirmed CTS. Intense computer use and no breaks at work are associated with wrist and hand symptoms.

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