Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibers to Produce Sugar Hydrolyzate as Raw Material for Bioethanol Production

This research intends to explore the effect of pretreatment on lignoselulose to be used as raw material for bioethanol production. Pretreatment prepares lignocellulose compounds to be more easily hydrolyzed. Several variables were tested on oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) i.e. temperature, NaOH concentration, and particle size. According to the method of size reduction, there are two types of pretreatment which were milling and cutting. The first pretreatment type consisted of milling and screening resulting -+10-30, -30+40, -40+80, and-80 mesh. Each size fractions were then soaked in water at 90 °C for 2 hours. Meanwhile the second type consisted of cutting to 1 cm length followed by soaking in NaOH solutions for 2 hours. The operating temperatures at the second type were varied at 90 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, 170 °C while the NaOH concentrations applied were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%.The pretreated OPEFB was then hydrolyzed using cellulase produced by Aspergillusniger grown in situ. It was revealed that the relatively good pretreatment condition was milling to-80 mesh followed by soaking in hot water at 90 °C. It gave the highest produced sugar concentration at 15 g/L while other type resulted only 5.8 g/L.

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KONVERSI SELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT (TKS) MENJADI ETANOL

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v4i01.50 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Rakhman Sarwono ◽

Eka Triwahyuni ◽

Yosi Aristiawan ◽

Hendris Hendarsyah Kurniawan ◽

Trisanti Anindyawati

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Ethanol Concentration ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification ◽

Raw Material ◽

Energy Crisis ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Rapid Conversion

A serious global energy crisis is thought to be originated from the imbalance rapid consumption and the non-renewable nature of the fossil fuels. A potential, yet promising route for diminising this problem might involve rapid conversion of organic waste and biomass into fuels as an alternative. Oil-palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is the waste from the oil palm plantation which abundant amount of lignocellulosic EFB biomass. EFB biomass was used as raw material of the second generation of bioethanol production. EFB was converted into ethanol through enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation simultaneously. Cellulose waste was then turned into glucose by enzymatic saccharification and finally fermented into ethanol. The experiment of 20 liter broth resulted in ethanol concentration of about 7.93% (w/w). Conversion of cellulose into glucose was about 60.02%, and conversion of glucose into ethanol was about 88.44%. Following distillation, ethanol of 1970 mL was obtained at a concentration of 63% (v/v).Keywords: EFB, saccharification, fermentation, glucose, ethanol ABSTRAKAdanya krisis energi minyak bumi secara global disebabkan oleh ketimpangan antara konsumsi dan produksi minyak bumi. Guna mengimbangi ketimpangan tersebut, maka dilakukan konversi limbah organik dan biomassa menjadi bahan bakar secara tepat dan cepat. Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS) merupakan limbah dari perkebunan sawit yang melimpah jumlahnya. Penelitian etanol generasi kedua berbahan baku biomassa lignoselulosa dilakukan melalui proses sakarifikasi selulosa menjadi glukosa secara enzimatis dan fermentasi glukosa menjadi etanol. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari 20 liter hidrolisat didapat konsentrasi etanol sebesar 7,93% (b/b). Hasil konversi selulosa menjadi glukosa sebesar 60,02%, sedangkan konversi glukosa menjadi etanol sebesar 88,44%. Setelah dilakukan distilasi didapatkan etanol sebanyak 1970 mL dengan konsentrasi 63% (v/v).Kata kunci: TKS, sakarifikasi, fermentasi, glukosa, etanol

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Isolation of Natural Polymer from the By-Product of Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Bioethanol Production

Macromolecular Symposia ◽

10.1002/masy.201550330 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 353 (1) ◽

pp. 220-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Harry Budiman ◽

Achmad Hanafi

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Natural Polymer ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Optimization studies on acid hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber for production of xylose

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.016 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 554-559 ◽

Cited By ~ 116

Author(s):

S.H.A. Rahman ◽

J.P. Choudhury ◽

A.L. Ahmad ◽

A.H. Kamaruddin

Keyword(s):

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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A Factorial Analysis Study on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Fiber Pressed Oil Palm Frond for Bioethanol Production

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/32/1/012071 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 012071 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F S Hashim ◽

H W Yussof ◽

M A K M Zahari ◽

R M Illias ◽

R A Rahman

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Factorial Analysis ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Analysis Study ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Palm Frond

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Characterization of Residual Lignin Obtained by the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Pulps

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.12.1.183-194 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yin Ying H'ng ◽

Akiko Nakagawa-Izumi ◽

Cheu Peng Leh ◽

Atanu Kumar Das ◽

Hiroshi Ohi

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Residual Lignin ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Catalytic Performance of Sulfonated Carbon Catalysts for Hydrolysis of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch

Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi ◽

10.14710/jksa.23.6.209-215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 209-215

Author(s):

Anis Kristiani ◽

Kiky Corneliasari Sembiring ◽

Yosi Aristiawan ◽

Fauzan Aulia ◽

Luthfiana Nurul Hidayati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽

Ambient Pressure ◽

Raw Material ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Fermentable Sugar ◽

Carbon Catalysts ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass into valuable products, such as chemicals and fuels, has attracted global interest. One of lignocellulosic biomass, palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB), has major content of cellulose (30-40%), which is highly potential to be a raw material for fermentable sugar production. In this research, a series of sulfonated carbon catalysts with various concentrations of sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 10-30 v/v%) solutions have been successfully prepared and applied for a single stage of heterogeneous acid-catalyzed hydrolysis over microcrystalline cellulose and EFB under moderate temperature condition and ambient pressure. The catalysts’ physical and chemical properties were characterized by using a Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), X-ray diffractometer, surface area analyzer, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer. The characterization results showed that sulfonated carbon had relatively similar physical properties with the parent of active carbon. The hydrolysis activity of sulfonated carbon catalysts gave various Total Reducing Sugar (TRS). The effects of sulfate loading amount in catalyst samples and various ionic liquids were investigated. The hydrolysis of pure microcrystalline cellulose powder (Avicel) using 30%-sulfonated carbon (30-SC) catalyst in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) ionic liquid at 150°C yielded the highest TRS of 16.11%. Subsequently, the catalyst of 30-SC was also tested for hydrolysis of EFB and produced the highest TRS of 40.76% in [BMIM]Cl ionic liquid at 150°C for 4 h. The obtained results highlight the potential of sulfonated carbon catalysts for hydrolysis of EFB into fermentable sugar as an intermediate product for ethanol production.

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BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM COCONUT HUSK USING THE WET GAMMA IRADIATION METHOD

Jurnal Forum Nuklir ◽

10.17146/jfn.2020.14.2.5908 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Putra Oktavianto ◽

Risdiyana Setiawan ◽

Ilhami Ariyanti ◽

Muhammad Fadhil Jamil

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽

Raw Material ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽

Ethanol Ethanol ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Low Dosage

BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM COCONUT HUSK USING the WET GAMMA IRRADIATION METHOD. The use of coconut husk has only been used as a material for making handicrafts such as ropes, brooms, mats, and others or just burned. The combustion of coconut husk can cause air pollution. In fact, coconut husk can be used as a raw material for bioethanol production so that the beneficial value of coconut husk will also increase. One way of bioethanol production from coconut husk is by irradiating the coconut husk. The coconut husk irradiation technique to be carried out in this study is the wet irradiation technique. Wet irradiation is carried out to accelerate the process of bioethanol production because at the time of irradiation, cellulose has been hydrolyzed and glucose has been formed so that it is more efficient in time and use of the material so that the cellulose hydrolysis process is not necessary. The coconut husk samples were wet because they were mixed with 4% NaOH and were irradiated using a gamma irradiator from STTN-BATAN Yogyakarta with a dose of 30 kGy and 50 kGy and 0 kGy (or without irradiation). Then the sample is fermented with the fungus Saccharomyces Cerevisiae from tape yeast to form ethanol. Ethanol is purified and then analyzed for concentrations using pycnometric and refractometric methods. The result is that the highest ethanol content is without irradiation (0 kGy), this is due to the low dosage used. However, the main point in this wet method research is evidence of hydrolysis of cellulose by the formation of gluoxane after irradiated wet coconut husk, and with Fehling A and B analysis, brown deposits are seen proving that glucose has been formed.

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