MAC chastised Dynamism Efficient in Wireless Device Lattice Spending Mistralapproach

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 25453-25458
Author(s):  
Mr. Dinesh Prabhu. M ◽  
Dr. Dinesh Senduraja
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Consumption Energy ◽  
Cluster Based Routing

In Wireless sensor Network, several researchers have provided different routing protocol for sensor networks, particularly routing protocols depending on clusters protocols. Reliability of nodes is necessary parameter in effective sensor networks. We use MAC protocol for controlling the network packets. This is because the usage of cluster based routing has several merits like minimized control messages, re-usability of bandwidth and enhanced power control.  Different cluster based routing protocol is proposed by many researchers for the purpose of reducing the consumption energy in wireless sensor networks. Those techniques reduces the energy consumption but with several disadvantages like lack of QoS, inefficient transmission, etc., To overcome those problems, modified QoS enhanced base station controlled in Mistrial Approach (flooding Technique) for wireless sensor networks is proposed in this work.  Here we reduce the number of retransmission and detect the overlay packets in networks using proposed approach. Simulation results show the better energy consumption, Maximum Life time & Efficient Bandwidth is achieved by flooding management when compared to the conventional techniques

scholarly journals Tree Based Energy Balancing Routing Protocol by Self Organizing in Wireless Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1486
Author(s):  
Syed Umar ◽  
P.V.R. D Prasada Rao ◽  
Sridevi Gutta
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Self Organizing

Today the wireless sensor networks (WSN) play a crucial role in wireless technology in various domains like military, medicine, communications etc. The energy conservation is the crucial factor in the WSN. The WSN is a system which has more number of nodes in which various sensors are fabricated on the nodes to monitor various factors of the given task. These nodes will form a network by connecting the one to other for the effective communication between the nodes, and sends the whole information to the base station (BS). As the nodes which we use for the WSN are of low cost and are battery operated. The main drawback is replacement of the battery in the WSN. The main goal is to conserve the energy consumption in WSN and also to balance the load on WSN. For this many protocols are designed like LEACH, PEGASIS, PEDAP, etc. in those balancing the load and time delayed. some drawbacks are there. So we proposed a protocol so called “Tree Based Energy Balancing routing Protocol by Self Organizing” (TEBRSO), in which instead of routing tables a routing tree will be used for routing from nodes to base station (BS), which chooses one root/control node for the broadcasting messages to the selected sensor nodes. By this protocol we can save the energy consumption in WSN and can extend the life time of it. The performance of this protocol is better when we compare with other energy saving protocols.

QoS Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Routing Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Omkar Singh ◽  
Vinay Rishiwal
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
End To End

Background & Objective: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consist of huge number of tiny senor nodes. WSN collects environmental data and sends to the base station through multi-hop wireless communication. QoS is the salient aspect in wireless sensor networks that satisfies end-to-end QoS requirement on different parameters such as energy, network lifetime, packets delivery ratio and delay. Among them Energy consumption is the most important and challenging factor in WSN, since the senor nodes are made by battery reserved that tends towards life time of sensor networks. Methods: In this work an Improve-Energy Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Hierarchy (I-EAMMH) QoS based routing approach has been proposed and evaluated that reduces energy consumption and delivers data packets within time by selecting optimum cost path among discovered routes which extends network life time. Results and Conclusion: Simulation has been done in MATLAB on varying number of rounds 400- 2000 to checked the performance of proposed approach. I-EAMMH is compared with existing routing protocols namely EAMMH and LEACH and performs better in terms of end-to-end-delay, packet delivery ratio, as well as reduces the energy consumption 13%-19% and prolongs network lifetime 9%- 14%.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ANALYSIS OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN SMART GRIDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Carlos Deyvinson Reges Bessa
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delay Jitter ◽  
La Red

ABSTRACTThis work aims to study which wireless sensor network routing protocol is more suitable for Smart Grids applications, through simulation of AODV protocols, AOMDV, DSDV and HTR in the NS2 simulation environment. Was simulated a network based on a residential area with 47 residences, with one node for each residence and one base station, located about 25m from the other nodes. Many parameters, such as packet loss, throughput, delay, jitter and energy consumption were tested.  The network was increased to 78 and 93 nodes in order to evaluate the behavior of the protocols in larger networks. The tests proved that the HTR is the routing protocol that has the best results in performance and second best in energy consumption. The DSDV had the worst performance according to the tests.Key words.- Smart grid, QoS analysis, Wireless sensor networks, Routing protocols.RESUMENEste trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar el protocolo de enrutamiento de la red de sensores inalámbricos es más adecuado para aplicaciones de redes inteligentes, a través de la simulación de protocolos AODV, AOMDV, DSDV y HTR en el entorno de simulación NS2. Se simuló una red basada en una zona residencial con 47 residencias, con un nodo para cada residencia y una estación base, situada a unos 25 metros de los otros nodos. Muchos parámetros, tales como la pérdida de paquetes, rendimiento, retardo, jitter y el consumo de energía se probaron. La red se incrementó a 78 y 93 nodos con el fin de evaluar el comportamiento de los protocolos de redes más grandes. Las pruebas demostraron que el HTR es el protocolo de enrutamiento que tiene los mejores resultados en el rendimiento y el segundo mejor en el consumo de energía. El DSDV tuvo el peor desempeño de acuerdo a las pruebas.Palabras clave.- redes inteligentes, análisis de calidad de servicio, redes de sensores inalámbricas, protocolos de enrutamiento.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Heterogeneous Gateway-Based Energy-Aware Multi-hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuseini Jibreel ◽  
Emmanuel Tuyishimire ◽  
I M Daabo
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Routing Scheme

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) continue to provide essential services for various applications such as surveillance, data gathering, and data transmission from the hazardous environments to safer destinations. This has been enhanced by the energy-efficient routing protocols that are mostly designed for such purposes. Gateway-based Energy-Aware Multi-hop Routing protocol (MGEAR) is one of the homogenous routing schemes that was recently designed to more efficiently reduce the energy consumption of distant nodes. However, it has been found that the protocol has a high energy consumption rate, lower stability period, less data transmission to the Base station (BS). In this paper, an enhanced Heterogeneous Gateway-based Energy-Aware multi-hop routing protocol ( HMGEAR) is proposed. The proposed routing scheme is based on the introduction of heterogeneous nodes in the existing scheme, selection of the head based on the residual energy, introduction of multi-hop communication strategy in all the regions of the network, and implementation of energy hole elimination technique. Results show that the proposed routing scheme outperforms two existing ones.

scholarly journals A PSO-Based Uneven Dynamic Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruan ◽  
Huang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Clustering ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

Since wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are powered by energy-constrained batteries, many energy-efficient routing protocols have been proposed to extend the network lifetime. However, most of the protocols do not well balance the energy consumption of the WSNs. The hotspot problem caused by unbalanced energy consumption in the WSNs reduces the network lifetime. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)-based uneven dynamic clustering multi-hop routing protocol (PUDCRP). In the PUDCRP protocol, the distribution of the clusters will change dynamically when some nodes fail. The PSO algorithm is used to determine the area where the candidate CH (cluster head) nodes are located. The adaptive clustering method based on node distribution makes the cluster distribution more reasonable, which balances the energy consumption of the network more effectively. In order to improve the energy efficiency of multi-hop transmission between the BS (Base Station) and CH nodes, we also propose a connecting line aided route construction method to determine the most appropriate next hop. Compared with UCCGRA, multi-hop EEBCDA, EEMRP, CAMP, PSO-ECHS and PSO-SD, PUDCRP prolongs the network lifetime by between 7.36% and 74.21%. The protocol significantly balances the energy consumption of the network and has better scalability for various sizes of network.

scholarly journals A Cluster-Head Rotating Election Routing Protocol for Energy Consumption Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Du ◽  
Zhengkun He ◽  
Xunyang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Cluster Head Election

Balancing energy consumption using the clustering routing algorithms is one of the most practical solutions for prolonging the lifetime of resource-limited wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, existing protocols cannot adequately minimize and balance the total network energy dissipation due to the additional tasks of data acquisition and transmission of cluster heads. In this paper, a cluster-head rotating election routing protocol is proposed to alleviate the problem. We discovered that the regular hierarchical clustering method and the scheme of cluster-head election area division had positive effects on reducing the energy consumption of cluster head election and intracluster communication. The election criterion composed of location and residual energy factor was proved to lower the probability of premature death of cluster heads. The chain multihop path of intercluster communication was performed to save the energy of data aggregation to the base station. The simulation results showed that the network lifetime can be efficiently extended by regulating the adjustment parameters of the protocol. Compared with LEACH, I-LEACH, EEUC, and DDEEC, the algorithm demonstrated significant performance advantages by using the number of active nodes and residual energy of nodes as the evaluation indicators. On the basis of these results, the proposed routing protocols can be utilized to increase the capability of WSNs against energy constraints.

An Improvement Routing Protocol Based LEACH for Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 472-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Gang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Cluster Heads

Due to limited energy, computing ability, and memory of Wireless sensor Networks(WSN), routing issue is one of the key factors for WSN. LEACH is the first clustering routing protocol, which can efficiently reduce the energy consumption and prolong the lifetime of WSN, but it also has some disadvantage. This paper proposed an improvement based LEACH, called LEACH-T. According to different number of clusters, LEACH-T uses variable time slot for different clusters in steady-state phase, and single-hop or multi-hop to transmit data between cluster heads and Base Station. Also it considered residual energy of sensor nodes and the optimal number of clusters during selection of the cluster heads. The simulation results show that LEACH-T has better performance than LEACH for prolonging the lifetime and reducing the energy consumption.

scholarly journals Differential Evolution Algorithm with Diversified Vicinity Operator for Optimal Routing and Clustering of Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramaniam Sumithra ◽  
T. Aruldoss Albert Victoire
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Routing Problem

Due to large dimension of clusters and increasing size of sensor nodes, finding the optimal route and cluster for large wireless sensor networks (WSN) seems to be highly complex and cumbersome. This paper proposes a new method to determine a reasonably better solution of the clustering and routing problem with the highest concern of efficient energy consumption of the sensor nodes for extending network life time. The proposed method is based on the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm with an improvised search operator called Diversified Vicinity Procedure (DVP), which models a trade-off between energy consumption of the cluster heads and delay in forwarding the data packets. The obtained route using the proposed method from all the gateways to the base station is comparatively lesser in overall distance with less number of data forwards. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in managing energy consumption of the WSN and the results are compared with the other algorithms reported in the literature.

scholarly journals SDFMUCR: Software-defined and fuzzy-based multi-hop unequal cluster routing

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 155014772096299
Author(s):  
Lu Sixu ◽  
Wu Muqing ◽  
Zhao Min
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Software Defined Network ◽  
Control Overhead ◽  
Unequal Cluster

Recently, wireless sensor networks play an important role in our life. Researchers give more and more attention to the design of the routing algorithm. Cluster routing is the most popular routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. However, hotspot problem always exists. Unequal cluster routing is an effective method to solve this problem. In these protocols, nodes closer to base station have the smaller cluster size than other sensor nodes. It will reduce the relay pressure of the node which is near to the base station. The development of the software-defined network optimizes the performance of wireless sensor networks. In this article, we propose a software-defined and fuzzy-based multi-hop unequal cluster routing protocol. It adopts three methods to make the routing protocol outstanding. First, it uses a novel software-defined network architecture to reduce computation overhead and energy overhead in sensor nodes. Then, the fuzzy logic–based intracluster and intercluster routing is designed to balance energy consumption. Finally, residual energy–based rotating scheme is proposed to reduce most of the control overhead. According to the simulation results, the proposed protocol balances and reduces the energy consumption, extends the lifetime, and reduces the control overhead and latency of the network.

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